Android tutorial for beginners-traininginbangalore.com

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 Background
 Introduction to Android
 Overview of Sensors
 Programming Tutorial 1: Tracking location with GPS
and Google Maps
 Overview of Networking
 Programming Tutorial 2: Downloading from the
Internet
 Programming Tutorial 3: Sending/Receiving SMS
Messages
 Questions/Comments
 Resources

A brief guide to the Android Application Development
Environment

Software platform from Google and the Open
Handset Alliance
July 2005, Google acquired Android, Inc.
November 2007, Open Handset Alliance formed
to develop open standards for mobile devices
October 2008, Android available as open source
December 2008, 14 new members joined Android
project

 April 30, 2009: Official 1.5 Cupcake release
 September 15, 2009: 1.6 SDK Donut release
 October 26, 2009: 2.0 SDK Éclair release
 Updates to the Éclair release:
 2.0.1 on December 3, 2009
 2.1 on January 12, 2010

Android tutorial for beginners-traininginbangalore.com

 Built-in Apps ≡ Apps created in SDK
 Leverage Linux kernel to interface with
hardware
 Open source platform promotes development
from global community

 Reuse and replacement of components
 Dalvik virtual machine
 Integrated browser
 Optimized graphics
 SQLite
 Media support
 GSM Telephony
 Bluetooth, EDGE, 3G, and WiFi
 Camera, GPS, compass, and accelerometer
 Rich development environment

 Apps are written in Java
 Bundled by Android Asset Packaging Tool
 Every App runs its own Linux process
 Each process has it’s own Java Virtual Machine
 Each App is assigned a unique Linux user ID
 Apps can share the same user ID to see each
other’s files

 Activity
◦ Present a visual user interface for one focused endeavor the user can undertake
◦ Example: a list of menu items users can choose from
 Services
◦ Run in the background for an indefinite period of time
◦ Example: calculate and provide the result to activities that need it
 Broadcast Receivers
◦ Receive and react to broadcast announcements
◦ Example: announcements that the time zone has changed
 Content Providers
◦ Store and retrieve data and make it accessible to all applications
◦ Example: Android ships with a number of content providers for common data types
(e.g., audio, video, images, personal contact information, etc.)
 Intents
◦ Hold the content of a message
◦ Example: convey a request for an activity to present an image to the user or let the user
edit some text

 http://developer.android.com/sdk/installing.html
 Preparing your system and system
requirements
 Downloading and Installing the SDK
 Installing ADT plug-in for Eclipse
 Adding Platforms and Components
 Exploring the SDK
 Completing tutorials
 Troubleshooting

The Android Sensor Platform and how to use it

 Developer’s are able to access “goodies”
 Hardware capabilities made available

Feature Description
Camera
A class that enables your application to interact with the camera to snap a photo, acquire images for a preview
screen, and modify parameters used to govern how the camera operates.
Sensor Class representing a sensor. Use getSensorList(int) to get the list of available Sensors.
SensorManager A class that permits access to the sensors available within the Android platform.
SensorEventListener
An interface used for receiving notifications from the SensorManager when sensor values have changed. An
application implements this interface to monitor one or more sensors available in the hardware.
SensorEvent
This class represents a sensor event and holds information such as the sensor type (e.g., accelerometer,
orientation, etc.), the time-stamp, accuracy and of course the sensor's data.
MediaRecorder
A class, used to record media samples, that can be useful for recording audio activity within a specific location
(such as a baby nursery). Audio clippings can also be analyzed for identification purposes in an access-control or
security application. For example, it could be helpful to open the door to your time-share with your voice, rather
than having to meet with the realtor to get a key.
GeomagneticField
This class is used to estimated estimate magnetic field at a given point on Earth, and in particular, to compute
the magnetic declination from true north.
FaceDetector
A class that permits basic recognition of a person's face as contained in a bitmap. Using this as a device lock
means no more passwords to remember — biometrics capability on a cell phone.

Sensor type (Sensor class)
◦ Orientation, accelerometer, light, magnetic field,
proximity, temperature, etc.
Sampling rate
◦ Fastest, game, normal, user interface.
◦ When an application requests a specific sampling rate,
it is really only a hint, or suggestion, to the sensor
subsystem. There is no guarantee of a particular rate
being available.
Accuracy
◦ High, low, medium, unreliable.

Simulating an Android application that accesses positioning
sensors

 Must have Eclipse IDE installed
 Must have Android SDK installed
 Must have knowledge of Java
 Must have the external Google Maps library
installed in your SDK environment. The Maps
library is included with the Google APIs add-
on, which you can install using the Android
SDK and AVD Manager.

 A Google Maps API key is required to integrate Google Maps into your
Android application.
 To apply for a key:
1. Locate the SDK debug certificate in the default folder of "C:Documents and
Settings<username>Local SettingsApplication DataAndroid". The filename of the
debug keystore is debug.keystore.
2. Copy the debug.keystore file to a folder named C:Android.
3. Open the command window and navigate to C:Program
FilesJava<JDK_version_number>bin to locate the Keytool.exe.
4. Execute the following to extract the MD5 fingerprint:
keytool.exe -list -alias androiddebugkey -keystore
"C:Androiddebug.keystore" -storepass android -keypass android
1. Copy the MD5 certificate fingerprint and navigate your web browser to:
http://code.google.com/android/maps-api-signup.html.
2. Follow the instructions on the page to complete the application and obtain the Google
Maps key.
For more information on using Google Maps in Android application
development:
http://mobiforge.com/developing/story/using-google-maps-android

 Defines the system image and device settings used
by the Emulator
 To create an AVD in Eclipse:
1. Select Window > Android SDK and AVD Manager.
The Android SDK and AVD Manager displays.
1. Make sure the entry for Virtual Devices is selected and
click New.
The Create new AVD window displays.
1. Enter a Name for the AVD.
2. Select Google APIs (API level 3) as the Target.
3. Click Create AVD.
4. Close the Android SDK and AVD Manager.

To create the project in Eclipse:
1. Select File > New > Project.
2. Select Android Project in the Android folder and
click Next.
3. Enter GPSSimulator as the Project Name.
4. Select Google APIs (Platform 1.5) as the Build Target.
5. Enter GPSSimulator as the Application name.
6. Enter com.android.gpssimulator as the Package
name.
7. Enter GPSSimulator as the Activity name.
8. Click Finish.

Add permissions for GPS
To modify the AndroidManifest.xml file:
1. Click on the res folder in the GPSSimulator project.
2. Double-click AndroidManifest.xml to display the
GPSSimulator Manifest.
3. Enter the following lines before the application tag.
<uses-permission
android:name=“android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION” />
1. Save the changes to the file.

public class GPSSimulator extends Activity
{
private LocationManager lm;
private LocationListener locationListener;
// Called when the activity is first created.
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
// use the LocationManager class to obtain GPS locations
lm = (LocationManager)
getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
locationListener = new MyLocationListener();
lm.requestLocationUpdates(
LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER, 0, 0, locationListener);
}
}

private class MyLocationListener implements LocationListener {
@Override
public void onLocationChanged(Location loc) {
if (loc != null) {
Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(),
"Location changed : Lat: " + loc.getLatitude() +
" Lng: " + loc.getLongitude(),
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
@Override
public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
@Override
public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {
}
@Override
public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {
}
}

 To test in Eclipse:
1. Switch to DDMS view.
2. Find the Location Controls in the Emulator Control
tab.
3. Click the GPX tab and click Load GPX.
4. Locate and select the GPX file.
5. Click Play to begin sending coordinates to the
Emulator.

 Update the Manifest with two lines.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.android.GPSSimulator">
<uses-permission
android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission
android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
<application android:icon="@drawable/icon"
android:label="@string/app_name">
<uses-library android:name="com.google.android.maps" />
<activity android:name=".GPS" android:label="@string/app_name">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
</manifest>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
>
<com.google.android.maps.MapView
android:id="@+id/mapview1"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:enabled="true"
android:clickable="true"
android:apiKey=“Your API Key Here" />
</LinearLayout>

public class GPSSimulator extends MapActivity {
private LocationManager lm;
private LocationListener locationListener;
private MapView mapView;
private MapController mc;
// Called when the activity is first created.
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
// use the LocationManager class to obtain GPS locations
lm = (LocationManager)
getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
locationListener = new MyLocationListener();
lm.requestLocationUpdates(
LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER, 0, 0, locationListener);
mapView = (MapView) findViewById(R.id.mapview1);
mc = mapView.getController();
}
@Override
protected boolean isRouteDisplayed() {
return false;
}
private class MyLocationListener implements LocationListener {
@Override
public void onLocationChanged(Location loc) {
if (loc != null) {
Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(),
"Location changed : Lat: " + loc.getLatitude() +
" Lng: " + loc.getLongitude(),
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
GeoPoint p = new GeoPoint(
(int) (loc.getLatitude() * 1E6),
(int) (loc.getLongitude() * 1E6));
mc.animateTo(p);
mc.setZoom(16);
mapView.invalidate();
}
}
@Override
public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {
}
@Override
public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {
}
@Override
public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {
}
}
}

 The Internet, is based on a
layered architecture called the
TCP/IP stack.
 Link Layer
◦ Protocols: ARP and RARP
 Internet Layer
◦ Protocols: IP, ping, etc.
 Transport
◦ Protocols: TCP and UDP
 Application Layer
◦ Protocols: HTTP, FTP, DNS, etc.

 A server machine is identified on the Internet by some IP
address
 Daemons are the processes running in the background
which are listening all the time for connection requests
from clients on a particular port number.
 Once a connection request comes into the server on a
given port, the corresponding daemon can choose to
accept it, and if so, a connection is established.
 Then the application layer protocol is typically used for
the client to get or send data to the server.

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