Apache CloudStack Examination - CloudStack Collaboration Conference in Europe 2015
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The document outlines the development of the Apache CloudStack certification exam, known as ACCEL, initiated by LPI-Japan to enhance cloud engineering skills in Japan. It includes examination details such as question format, scoring, target audience, and the collaborative process involved in creating high-quality exam content. Additionally, it highlights future plans for revisions and English version publication, emphasizing the importance of certification in demonstrating technical proficiency in cloud technologies.
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Apache CloudStack Examination - CloudStack Collaboration Conference in Europe 2015
- 1. Apache CloudStack Examination Introducing how we developed the CloudStack exam -‐ ACCEL-‐ in Japan. CloudStack Collaboration Conference in Europe Dublin, Ireland October 8, 2015
- 2. Who am I Midori Oge @star76popin Chairman of Japan CloudStack Users Group Systems Engineer, SolidFire Inc.
- 3. Japan CloudStack Users Group Our purpose is to promote CloudStack through sharing experiences and information using CloudStack in Japanese. events appeared on radio AdventCalendar study meeting book reading
- 4. What is ACCEL ?
- 5. What is ACCEL? • ACCEL Stands for Apache CloudStack Certification Exam by LPI-‐Japan • ACCEL is provided by LPI-‐Japan to promote cloud technology and develop engineers. They distribute “LPIC” which is the most popular IT certification in Japan. • Certified people have the skill and knowledge required to build, operate and maintain CloudStack based IT infrastructure • Japan CloudStack Users Group supportedthe development of this exam
- 6. Why ACCEL? The following issues are often encountered during the expansion of the cloud market. • Development of engineer resources is not keeping up • difficult to ensure high level cloud engineers • Showing the differentiation with other companies is difficult because companies can not prove the technical level of employees ACCEL is is very effective especially in Japan, since certification is an importantelement in various business fields Linux Job Report 2015 by Linux Foundation ❝Forty-‐two percent of hiring managers say experience with or knowledge of OpenStack and CloudStack are having a big impact on their hiring decisions.❞
- 7. Target • Cloud service providers, System integrators, implementing and operating private cloud systems • improvingskillin developing and operating infrastructure of internal cloud • people in charge of IT systems who are considering migrating IT systems to public cloud services • people who want further skills as cloud engineer
- 8. Examination System • 60 questionsin 90 minutes • CBT (Computer Based Test) • Multiple choice (4-‐5) • Target Apache CloudStack Version:4.4 • Passing score: more than 60% of the total • Validity of the certification: 3 years • Pre requirements: none (LPIC1 certified level recommended) • Average learning period : 1-‐3 months • Price: 15,000 JPY
- 9. Once you are certified Earning certification helps you gain visibility for your proven experience, such as • Using the functions of CloudStack effectively depends on the purpose of use. • Implementing CloudStack systems while understanding the functions, the limitations, and choosing the appropriate architecture model • Understanding system status and getting the information needed for failure isolation methods • Contributing to CloudStack’s development through translation and reporting bugs Certificate Certification Card
- 10. How we developed
- 11. Development Flow Plan •Scheduling •Deciding on team members for developing examination •Preparing communication tool Design • CreatingGuidelines and glossary • Defining JTA(Job Task Analysis), scope of targets, setting priorities Develop ment • Questions writing and screening, technical reviews • Review of neutrality • Beta test and reflection on feedback Prepare for release •Registrationof exam •Press Release ※ Approved by board of Directors of LPI-‐Japan April 2014 ※ ※ ※ June 1st 2015 release May 2014 June 2014 December2014
- 12. Communication Chart • 問題レビュー LPI-‐Japan Gen Narui, Makoto Ono, Kazuko Itoda, Toru Nakatani, Takashi Imoto Management LPI Directors Fujitsu, Hitachi, NEC Solution Innovators (alphabetical order) Inspection Japan CloudStack Users Group Midori Oge, Tadashi Mishima Lead of developing examination Japan CloudStack Users Group Satoshi Shimazaki, Go Chiba, Satoru Nakaya, Chihiro Hirata, Ai Onikata, Takuma Nakajima, Kimihiko Kitase, Masayuki Hayashi, Atsushi Sasaki, Natsuki Watanabe, Mayumi Koshimizu Exam CreatorPEARSON VUE Distributor Plan
- 13. Communication Tool • We used REDMINE to provide information and manage exam data • Exam Creator issues a ticket on REDMINE to submit exam data, after that Exam Developer checks it and send back some comments. • Inquiry • Submission of exam data • Provide Information • Provide guidelines • Arrange schedule • Request for correction • Meeting agenda Exam Creator Lead developer • Guideline • JTA • Glossary • Schedule • Examinations • Meeting note Plan
- 14. Create the Guidelines Create Guidelines to clarify certification objectives • Why get certified? • What is the value of certification? • Who is the target? • What kind of exam should we create? Design
- 15. Define JTA • JTA (Job Task Analysis) make a list of skill sets needed to have field experience for implementing and operating cloud systems using CloudStack = prove the certified people have enough work-‐ready skills and experience After the skill set was defined, we sorted the skills into sections and decided on the ratio for each section. Design
- 16. DesignJTA No Major Items No. Sub Items No. Key knowledge area Keyword Required Skill Ratio 1 General Knowledge 1.1 Overview Apache CloudStack 1.1.1 Apache CloudStack ・Whatʼ’s Apache CloudStack? ・License of Apache CloudStack Understanding the overview Apache CloudStack and license system 10％ 2 The architecture of CloudStack 2.1 The architecture of components and functions 2.1.1 Composition of components ・Cluster ・Pod ・Zone ・Region Understandingthe role of components 40% 2.1.2 Management Server, Host, Storage ・Hardware and OS requirements ・Hypervisors(VMWare vSphere, KVM, XenServer, Hyper-‐‑‒V) ・Management Server ・Database Server ・Host ・Primary Storage ・Secondary Storage ・Usage Server Understanding the functions and architecture of Management Server and Host, Storage 2.1.3 System VM, Virtual Router ・Console Proxy VM ・Secondary Storage VM ・Virtual Router ・DHCP, DNS. StaticNAT, VPN, LoadBalancer ・Firewall, PortForwarding Understanding the functionsand architecture of System VM and Virtual Router 2.2 Designing system and implementing 2.2.1 Whole design, Definition of requirements ・Sizing – Zone, Pod, Cluster, Host, Storage ・Over Provisioning ・Host Tag, Storage Tag ・VM allocation algorism Ability to design and define the requirements to implement cloud systems 2.2.2 Network Design ・Network Model ・Physical Network ・Network – Public, Guest, Management, Storage ・Designing IP Address ・Traffic Label ・Connect to existing environments Understanding the Network Model and ability to design networks 2.2.3 System Reliability ・Availability of Management Server ・Availability of Database Server ・Fault Recovery and Disaster Recovery Understanding the reliability of cloud systems and ability to design redundancy and backup 2.2.4 Installation and implementing ・Initial settings – Management Server, Host, Database, Storage ・Preparing System VM Template Having the knowledge for installation and initial settings and customization for own environments
- 17. Design No Major Items No. Sub Items No. Key knowledge area Keyword Required Skill Ratio 3 How to use CloudStack 3.1 Web user interface 3.1.1 VM and Volumes ・VM ・Volume ・Template, ISO ・Snapshot Ability to operate VM and Volumes 30% 3.1.2 Network ・Guest Network ・Security Group ・VPC Ability to customize networks as needed 3.1.3 User ・User ・Account ・Domain ・Project Understanding the structure of managingusers and ability to manage the required resources 3.1.4 Monitoring ・Dashboard ・Event Understandingthe status of resources and event logs 3.2 Admin user interface 3.2.1 Difference of Web UI behavior by privilege ・Difference of Web UI behavior by privilege Understanding the difference of Web UI behavior by privilege 3.2.2 Global Settings ・Global Settings Understanding the effect of the settings and parameters on all of the systems and ability to set them 3.2.3 Service Offerings ・Computing Offering ・System Offering ・Disk Offering ・Network Offering Ability to define and manage the necessary resources usingservice offerings 4 Oparation, Monitoring, other utilization methods 4.1 Operation, Monitoring 4.1.1 Operation, Monitoring ・Start and Stop ・Maintenance mode ・Backup ・Version UP ・Usage monitoring Ability to operate self-‐‑‒built cloud systems properly 20%4.1.2 Troubleshooting ・log ・case study of troubles Ability to isolate the cause of troubles and find out the recovery action 4.2 API 4.2.1 API ・privilege of executing API ・how to use API ・synchronize/asynchronize command Ability to do a range of operations using API JTA
- 18. Exam creation and screening • Exam creation policy create exam questions while assuming the knowledge that is required when working in the field • The following are examples of undesirable questions - Asking for knowledge which is not related to CloudStack - Asking about commercial version specific features - Including the vender names and product names (the hypervisor name is excluded) - Asking about the possibility to be changed in the future - Asking only about sentence structure rather than about the content , or trap questions - Questions with subjective answers e.g. Why is CloudStack better than OpenStack? e.g. What are the points to be most careful about when set to XX? develop ment Create Review Update Review Complete • Questions were created, updated many times through screening
- 19. Improving the quality 1. Set the difficulty level of each questions 2. Beta test (several times) 3. Modify the difficulty level based on the result of beta test e.g.) Raise the difficulty level if more than 90% of people answered correctly e.g.) Reduce the difficulty level if more than 90% of people answered incorrectly e.g.) Replace easy questions that many people answered correctly and difficult questions that many people answered incorrectly e.g.) Change easy questions to multiple-‐selection from single-‐selection e.g.) Change difficult questions to single-‐selection from multiple selection 4. Compare with the difficulty level which was set before and re-‐set the difficulty and re-‐place 5. Discuss with the stakeholders based on the survey results of the beta test develop ment
- 20. Registration • Changed the format for distribution the exam • Developed the tool to change the format Prepare for release item 1.123 cardinality = “single” correct-‐response = B min-‐response = 1max-‐response = 1 presentation = [Which of the following is the valid operation that can be done thru Web User Interface by Domain Administrator ?<choice ident = “A”>Create sub domain<choice ident = “B”>Change the number of the resource to be allocated to Sub Domain<choice ident = “C”>Assign the dedicated host to the account<choice ident = “D”>Add the LDAP accounts]
- 22. Highlights and Lowlights • Highlights - Our ties were deepened through this project - Since all members had to create exam questions in their free time, we saved development time by using the chosen communication tool and glossary • lowlights - Since it was our first attempt, it took much more time than expected in the “designing” and “preparing for release” stages This certification was released through our communityʼ’s efforts. It also was a very valuable experience for all of us.
- 23. Next steps • Preparing the next revision • Considering frequency and management method of revision • Publication of educational books and planning training courses • The English version will be released this month!! => Please give us any feedback and comments
- 24. Sample Question From Objective: 3.2.1 -‐ Web UI Difference by privilege Which of the following is a valid operation that can be done through Web User Interface by Domain Administrator ? A. Create Sub Domain B. Change the number of resources to be allocated to Sub Domain C. Assign a dedicated host to the account D. Add the LDAP accounts
- 25. Thank you !!