Application layer assignments
- 1. 1. What are the different types of application architectures? a. Host-Based Architectures. b. Client-Based Architectures. c. Client Server-Architectures. d. Peer to Peer Architectures. e. Choosing Architectures. f. A monster Client Server Architectures. g. Cloud Computing Architectures. 2. Describe the four basic functions of an application software package. a Data Storage. Storing of data generated by programs (e.g Files, records). b. Application Logic. This is inline of Business login such as work processors, spreadsheets and presentation application. c. Data access for processing required accessing stored data like SQL, Oracle data base etc, d. Presentation logic info to user and acceptance of users commands. 3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of host-based networks versus client–server networks? The advantage for host-based network centralized security Integrated architecture from single vendor simpler, centralization installation. Client -Server balanced processing commands and lower cost inexpensive infrastructure can use software and hardware from different vendors scalabilities. The disadvantages. Having all processing on host mat lead to overload cost of software and upgrades expensive infrastructure terminal totally dependent on server.
- 2. Client to client problems with using software from different vendors is more complex installation helps greatly in this area. 4. What is middleware, and what does it do? Middleware manages client -server message transfer and shields application software from impacts to hardware changes. Middleware provides standard communication between products of different vendors through translation. 5. Suppose your organization was contemplating switching from a host-based architecture to client–server. What problems would you foresee? Security would be one area of major concern, since processing can be done on individual workstations. 6. Compare two-tier, three-tier, and n-tier client–server architectures. What are the technical differences, and what advantages and disadvantages does each offer? Two-tiered architectures have only client and servers. Three-tiered architecture typically separate application logic, data access logic, presentation logic and storage. 7. What are the benefits of cloud computing? The benefits of cloud computing is to maximize data storage and potentially lower cost and scalability. 8. Compare the three-cloud computing models.
- 3. 9. What is a network computer? A Computer network support internet access but has no hard drive disk local storage. 10. For what is HTTP used? What are its major parts? The standard protocol for communication between a Web browser and a Web server is Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). An HTTP request from a Web browser to a web server has three parts. Only the first part is required, the other two are optional. The Major parts is that it request line which start with a command and provides the URL and ends with HTTP version number that the browser understands. The request body which contains information sent to the server, such as information from a form. The format of an HTTP response from the server to the browser is very similar to the browser request. It has three parts, but only the last is required, the first two is optional. The response status, which contains the HTTP version number the server has used, a status code and reason phrase. The request header which contains a variety of optional information such as the Web browser being used (e.g) Internet Explorer), the date and a user ID and Password for use if the Web Page is password protected. 11. Describe how a Web browser and Web server work together to send aWeb page to a user The standard protocol for communication between a Web browser and a web server is Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) The user must type the initernet uniform resources locator. URL for the page to open. The
- 4. URL specifies the internet address of the web server and directory and name of the specific page wanted. In order for the request from the Web browser to be understood by the web server, they must use the same standard protocol. The standard protocol for the communication between a Web browser and a Web server is Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) 12. What are the major parts of an email message? The major part of an email is the header that list the source destination eg. [email protected] and on the email, it contains the date and time of the sender. The body contains the message and also the signature of the sender below in the body of the message.