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Application Software
The document outlines the distinctions between application software and operating systems, detailing various types of software including custom, packaged, and task-oriented programs. It also discusses methods of acquiring software, ethical issues surrounding software usage, and the functions of software in both personal and business contexts. Additionally, it covers productivity tools and the roles of computer professionals in managing and using software.
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Application Software
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- 2. Objectives • Distinguish betweenoperating systems and applications software • List the various methods by which individuals and businesses acquire software • List and briefly describe various types of task- oriented software • Identify the kinds of software available for both large and small businesses • Discuss ethical issues associated with software • Describe the functions of various computer professionals
- 3. Contents • Applications Software •Software Types • Task-Oriented Productivity Software • Business Software • Application Software and Ethics • Computers and People
- 4. Applications Software Apply toreal-world tasks Solves user problems vs. OS controls the hardware
- 5. What it Does Getsthe work done Solves a problem: How large was The Roman Empire?
- 6. PC Software Characteristics •User-friendly • Easy • Intuitive • Minimum training and documentation needed to use
- 7. Software Types Custom Software •Written by programmers • Takes a lot of time to write and test • When specifications are unique
- 8. Software Types Packaged orCommercial • Sold in stores, catalogs, or downloadable from the WWW • Purchased from software publishers • Must be installed – Standard or custom installation – The setup process copies some of all of the software to the hard disk – May require the CD-ROM to be in the drive to run
- 9. Acquiring Software • Freeware –Free to all – Copyrighted – Distributed in machine-readable format • Shareware – Freely distributed for a trial period – Pay a nominal fee to register with the author
- 10. Acquiring Software • Public-domainsoftware – Un-copyrighted – May be used or altered without restriction – Generally developed under government grants • Open-source – Free to all – Source code is distributed – May be used or altered – Popular under the LINUX OS
- 11. Acquiring Software • Commercialsoftware – Used most often – Copyrighted – Generally costly – May not be copied without permission of the manufacturer
- 12. Purchasing Commercial Software Individuals •Software warehouse store • Mail order • Electronic software distribution
- 13. Purchasing Commercial Software Businesses •Volume discount • Site license • Network versions • Application Service Provide (ASP) – Software is setup and maintained by ASP – Access the software over the Internet – Pay per use – Saves the expense of installing and maintaining the software
- 14. Task-Oriented Software Productivity Software Makeswork faster Makes our lives easier
- 15. Word Processing • Uses –Memos – Reports – Correspondence – Minutes of meetings – Anything to be typed • Functions – Create – Edit – Format – Store – Print text and graphics
- 16. Desktop Publishing • Uses –Newsletters – Reports – Brochures • Functions – Handles high-level publishing needs
- 17. Electronic Spreadsheets • Uses –Comparing mortgage interest rates – Preparing budgets – Tracking weight loss • Functions – Manipulates numbers in rows and columns – Recalculates the results when a number is changed – What if?
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- 19. Database Management • Uses –Keep track of a large number of related facts – Query the data for specific information – Retrieve information in a variety of ways • Functions – Store data – Update data – Manipulate data – Retrieve data – Print data in many forms – Report on data in a variety of ways
- 20. Graphics • Uses – Maps –Graphs – Charts • Helps to – Compare data – Spot trends – Make decisions • Visual information is more compelling
- 21. Presentation Graphics • Uses –Sales tool – Demonstrate a product – Show cost/benefit projections on charts – Present audio/video testimonials from satisfied customers • May contain – Text – Graphics – Audio – Video
- 22. Computer Art • Usesoftware to – Produce art – Express ideas • Graphic artist – Artistic ability – Computer skills – Produces computer art
- 23. Communications • Communicate fromhome with computer at office • Access data stored in another computer in another location • Stock exchange updates • Weather information
- 24. Communications • Provides methodfor communicating between computers • Most likely way to connect is via the Internet • Use a browser to access the Internet
- 25. Office Suites • Groupof basic software applications designed to work together • Data is portable between basic applications of the suite • Various applications in the suite have the same “look and feel” • Cost of suite is less than purchasing individual applications
- 26. Integrated Applications • Combinebasic word processing, spreadsheet, and graphics capabilities • More limited than a suite • Easier to learn and use
- 27. Software Development Focus •Ease of use • Personal use programs – Personal time organizers – To-do list makers – E-mail programs • Internet access
- 28. Business Software • Custom-writtento meet special business needs • Standard packages • Combination of custom-written and off-the-shelf
- 29. Vertical Market Software •Written for a particular type of business – Dentist’s office – Drugstore – Auto shop • Software may be part of complete package – Hardware – Installation – Training – Support
- 30. Software for Workgroups •Groupware / collaborative software • Lets a group of people share information or track information together • Data being used is located in central database • Data can be accessed and updated by anyone in the project group
- 31. Software for Workgroups Examples •Scheduling • Preparation of proposals by several individuals
- 32. The Information Center HelpDesk • Software selection • Software training • Software and hardware installations • Software and hardware updates • Troubleshooting
- 33. Software for SmallBusiness • Accounting – Spreadsheet software – Accounting package – Basic accounting, financial statements, tax summaries, payroll • Writing and Advertising – Word processing – Desktop publishing • Customer Service – Database management
- 34. Software for SmallBusiness • Keeping Up and Making Contacts – Networking over the Internet • Making Sales Pitches – Graphical presentation software
- 35. Small Office, HomeOffice SOHO • Moderately priced to solve typical needs • All-in-one software package
- 36. Small Office, HomeOffice SOHO What is needed • Organizational skills of a secretary • Research skills of a librarian • Accounting skills of a bookkeeper • Experience of someone who has done it before What is has • Searchable library of resources • Legal guide • Tax guide • Collections of business documents • Links to useful business and government sites on the Internet
- 37. Application Software Ethics Whatis legal?
- 38. Software Piracy • Makingillegal copies of copyrighted software • Why the fuss? – Very easy to duplicate software vs. a text book – Software company may lose hundreds of dollars per pirated copy • Prosecution – Yes: Small-medium sized business who purchase a few copies and distribute to many users – No: Individual users who probably would not have purchased software on their own anyway
- 39. Counterfeiting • Software iscopied onto CD-ROMS / DVD- ROMS • Package duplicates the original • Sold in flea markets or small stores • Cheaper price • Occurs more overseas
- 40. Copying Software • Legitimatereasons – Backup copy – Copy to hard disk • Illegitimate reasons – Obtain software without paying for it
- 41. Computers and People Users •Any individual who operates a computer to accomplish a task • Home • Business
- 42. Computer Professionals • ManagementInformation Systems (MIS) • Computer Information Systems (CIS) • Computing Services • Information Services • Information Technology (IT)
- 43. Computer Professionals • Dataentry operators – key data into a machine- readable format • Computer operators – monitor the computer • Librarians – catalog and keep secure the disks • Computer programmers – write, test, implement, and maintain programs • Systems analysts – plan and design computer systems • Network manager – oversees the network • Chief information officer (CIO) – department manager; makes strategic decisions relating to the flow of information in the organization