Arduino Microcontroller
- 1. Shyam Mohan MCA College of Engineering, Trivandrum
- 2. OUTLINE • Difference between Microcontroller and Microprocessor • What Exactly Is an Arduino? • Arduino UNO – Block Diagram , I/O Pins • Microcontrollor –ATMEL MEGA 328 • Software Programming • Code structure & Sample Programs • Addon Shields & Interfacing • Computer Applications _ Robotics , Defence, Home Automation , Sensor Networks. • Global Scenario & Future • Different type of Arduinos’ • Conclusion • Interaction 2/19
- 3. Difference between Microcontroller and Microprocessor MEMORY CPU CPU MEMORY 3/19
- 4. What Exactly Is an Arduino ? Arduino is a Microcontroller board. Developed by Massimo Banzi and Tom Igoe in 2005. Arduino is an open source electronics platform based on easy-to- use Hardware and Software. Useful for anyone making interactive projects using Electronics and Computer Science. 4/19
- 5. ARDUINO UNO Microcontroller : ATMEL MEGA 328 Operating Voltage : 5V Input Voltage : 7-12V Digital I/O Pins : 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output) Analog Input Pins : 6 Power : 3.3 , 5v , Ground Flash Memory : 32 KB (ATmega328) SRAM : 2 KB (ATmega328) EEPROM : 1 KB (ATmega328) Clock Speed : 16 MHz 5/19
- 6. ARDUINO UNO Microcontroller : ATMEL MEGA 328 Operating Voltage : 5V Input Voltage : 7-12V Digital I/O Pins : 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output) Analog Input Pins : 6 Power : 3.3 , 5v , Ground Flash Memory : 32 KB (ATmega328) SRAM : 2 KB (ATmega328) EEPROM : 1 KB (ATmega328) Clock Speed : 16 MHz 6/19
- 7. ARDUINO UNO Operating Voltage : 5V Input Voltage : 7-12V Digital I/O Pins : 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output) Analog Input Pins : 6 Power : 3.3 , 5v , Ground Flash Memory : 32 KB (ATmega328) SRAM : 2 KB (ATmega328) EEPROM : 1 KB (ATmega328) Clock Speed : 16 MHz 6/19
- 8. ARDUINO UNO Operating Voltage : 5V Input Voltage : 7-12V Digital I/O Pins : 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output) Analog Input Pins : 6 Power : 3.3 , 5v , Ground Flash Memory : 32 KB (ATmega328) SRAM : 2 KB (ATmega328) EEPROM : 1 KB (ATmega328) Clock Speed : 16 MHz 6/19
- 9. ARDUINO UNO Operating Voltage : 5V Input Voltage : 7-12V Digital I/O Pins : 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output) Analog Input Pins : 6 Power : 3.3 , 5v , Ground Flash Memory : 32 KB (ATmega328) SRAM : 2 KB (ATmega328) EEPROM : 1 KB (ATmega328) Clock Speed : 16 MHz 6/19
- 10. ARDUINO UNO Operating Voltage : 5V Input Voltage : 7-12V Digital I/O Pins : 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output) Analog Input Pins : 6 Power : 3.3 , 5v , Ground Flash Memory : 32 KB (ATmega328) SRAM : 2 KB (ATmega328) EEPROM : 1 KB (ATmega328) Clock Speed : 16 MHz 6/19
- 11. MICROPROCESSOR USED IN ARDUINO UNO ATMEL MEGA 328 131 Instructions ( Most Single Clock Execution ) 32 x 8-bit General Purpose Working Registers 23 Programmable I/O Lines Operating Voltage : 1.8 - 5.5V Flash Memory : 32 KB SRAM : 2 KB EEPROM : 1 KB Clock Speed : 16 MHz 7/19
- 13. Software Evolution • Software used is IDE ( Integrated Development Environment ) • Evolved from ‘Processing’- a Java based open source language created by Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). • All IDE programs are called sketches. • All C/C++ features are available. • Compiler used is avr - g++ 9/19
- 14. Algorithm of Programming & Uploading 10/19
- 15. Functions in IDE Basic funtions of IDE Void setup () Void loop () Sub functions Digital write () Analog write () Delay () Special functions Interrupt functions Serial output functions Customised Libraries and their functions. Eg: #include<LED.h> #include<serial.h> General C/C++ features like Conditional statements,Branching statements,Arrays etc 11/19
- 16. Pulse Width Modulation ( PWM ) PWM is form of Analog output. Digital +5V == PWM value of 255 Digital 0 == PWM of value 0 PWM can take values from 0 to 255 PWM is used for varying Control mechanism. Example:1) Create multiple colors using an RGB LED 2) To vary the speed of a motor. PWM can be customised in the programming. 12/19
- 17. Innovations with existing Technologies 13/19
- 18. Add-on Shields GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS) SHIELD Communicates location co-ordinates with Arduino board. 14/19 A shield is another microcontroller board which does a specific function to help Arduino to increase it’s capabilities.
- 19. Add-on Shields Wireless Shield Makes Wi-Fi (data ) communication possible between Arduino board and other computers or devices. 14/19
- 20. Add-on Shields GSM Shield Provides GPRS ,Voice call, Text messaging between arduino and other cell phones or Internet 14/19
- 21. Add-on Shields ETHERNET SHIELD Makes LAN connection possible and thereby Internet access and communication with arduino board. Remote controlling. 14/19
- 22. Types of Arduinos’ 15/19 ARDUINO ROBOT Used in ROBOTICS
- 23. Types of Arduinos’ 15/19 ARDUINO LILYPAD A coin sized arduino
- 24. Types of Arduinos’ 15/19 Arduino Nano
- 25. Applications & Innovations • Robotics : Kinetics,Servo motors. • Defence : Quadrotor Drones, Aerial photography and videography. • Sensor Networks : Home Automation using Ultrasonic Sensor , Infrared Sensors, Temperature sensor , Photosensitive sensor. 16/19
- 26. In a Nutshell Using Arduino we can create Intelligent Systems by the collaboration of Computer Science and Electronics at the application level. 17/19
- 27. Interaction , Discussion , Analysis What… ? Why? How ? Who ? Can We…? why can't ? Why not ? 18/19
- 28. 19/19 Especially Denin ,Jubin,Tibin & Ashaan ALL