Resources criteria
 Create superior value to customer
 Resistance to duplication
 Value appropriation by firm
 Complexity
 Customer relationships
 Brand equity
 Competitive position
1.Create casual ambiguity
 Complex interplay of resources
 Tacitness(accumulated skill base resource
 For example customer relations skills vs cut
price bargain
2. High transaction cost of imitating resources
3. Reduced resource depreciation
RBS vs Marketing Orientation
 RBV is inward looking and rent earning
characteristics of resources
 Strategy to be competitive must be
embedded in resources and capabilities.
 Competitive positioning reconcile the conflict
between two dominant views
 Physical: Land ownership
 Financial: credit rating
 Operational: Ability to produce product
 Human Capital: Learning and leadership
traits
 Marketing: Image, loyalty and awareness
 Legal: copy rights and patents
Strategic level Cap : Dominance logic or
orientation for company direction
 Learning and assimilation of knowledge and
actions
Individual Level Cap:
Organizational level:
 Diversified services from Pest control, health care to
manned guarding
 Rentokil source of competitive advantage?
Well recruited, trained and motivated people
 In 1996 Grand Metropolitan sold 150 million
worth of brand and business units
 Concentrated on 4 Key global brands
 Divested European fishery business and
brand like
 Industrial chemical operation sold to DuPont
 Purchased Unilever’s speciality chemical
business
 This marked a shift in ICI core business away from commodity bulk
chemicals to high margin speciality chemicals business
e.g Coating Pentium computer chip and glue for disposable
nappies
 Canon skills in optic,imaging,micropressor control have
enabled to thrived as diverse as copier, laser printer, cameras
and image scanning
 3M: Competencies in Sticky tape led to
 post-it-notes,
 magnetic tape,
 photographer film,
 pressure sensitive tape
 coated abrasive
1.Potential access to wide variety of market
e.g miniatureTV,calculator,notebook andWAP phone
2. Significant benefits to customer
3. Difficult to copy
 GE marketing activities try to build image but
lost to Panasonic
 Honda core competencies in small engine manufacturer. It
moved from initial position in motorcycle to small engine
cars,pums,lawnmovers
 Avoid laundry list
 Get ManagementConsensus
 Technical resources:
 Financial standing: In 1997 Microsoft 7 billion
cash reserve for investment in internet based
project.
 Organization Structure: Toyota new product
development(self managing team, breaking
hierarchy
 Information systems: Invest banks
 Flexibility: Zara
Branding:William Hill vs Cadbury brand image,
Skoda Cars
When corporate identity is liability, then
more focus is on acquisition of business
In 1996 Nestle paid Rowntree 6 time higher the
market price in acquisition of Kit Kat, Quality street
and Smarties,Rolos andYorkies
 Rover group
 Gazza, OohAahCantona and Damon Hill
 Defensible position
 Transform market
 Durability
 Extendibility
 Country of origin: Japan,Tiwan,Swiss
 Market Dominance:
 Distribution network: Hertz Network, Post
Office
 Distribution Control
 Pockets of strengths
 Distribution Uniqueness
Avon cosmetics sells door to door
Dell computer
 Lead-time
 Supplier network: Nissan motors

Assessing organization resources

  • 2.
    Resources criteria  Createsuperior value to customer  Resistance to duplication  Value appropriation by firm  Complexity
  • 3.
     Customer relationships Brand equity  Competitive position
  • 4.
    1.Create casual ambiguity Complex interplay of resources  Tacitness(accumulated skill base resource  For example customer relations skills vs cut price bargain 2. High transaction cost of imitating resources 3. Reduced resource depreciation
  • 10.
    RBS vs MarketingOrientation  RBV is inward looking and rent earning characteristics of resources  Strategy to be competitive must be embedded in resources and capabilities.  Competitive positioning reconcile the conflict between two dominant views
  • 12.
     Physical: Landownership  Financial: credit rating  Operational: Ability to produce product  Human Capital: Learning and leadership traits  Marketing: Image, loyalty and awareness  Legal: copy rights and patents
  • 13.
    Strategic level Cap: Dominance logic or orientation for company direction  Learning and assimilation of knowledge and actions Individual Level Cap: Organizational level:
  • 14.
     Diversified servicesfrom Pest control, health care to manned guarding  Rentokil source of competitive advantage? Well recruited, trained and motivated people
  • 15.
     In 1996Grand Metropolitan sold 150 million worth of brand and business units  Concentrated on 4 Key global brands
  • 17.
     Divested Europeanfishery business and brand like
  • 18.
     Industrial chemicaloperation sold to DuPont  Purchased Unilever’s speciality chemical business  This marked a shift in ICI core business away from commodity bulk chemicals to high margin speciality chemicals business e.g Coating Pentium computer chip and glue for disposable nappies
  • 19.
     Canon skillsin optic,imaging,micropressor control have enabled to thrived as diverse as copier, laser printer, cameras and image scanning  3M: Competencies in Sticky tape led to  post-it-notes,  magnetic tape,  photographer film,  pressure sensitive tape  coated abrasive
  • 20.
    1.Potential access towide variety of market e.g miniatureTV,calculator,notebook andWAP phone 2. Significant benefits to customer 3. Difficult to copy
  • 21.
     GE marketingactivities try to build image but lost to Panasonic  Honda core competencies in small engine manufacturer. It moved from initial position in motorcycle to small engine cars,pums,lawnmovers  Avoid laundry list  Get ManagementConsensus
  • 22.
     Technical resources: Financial standing: In 1997 Microsoft 7 billion cash reserve for investment in internet based project.  Organization Structure: Toyota new product development(self managing team, breaking hierarchy  Information systems: Invest banks  Flexibility: Zara
  • 23.
    Branding:William Hill vsCadbury brand image, Skoda Cars When corporate identity is liability, then more focus is on acquisition of business In 1996 Nestle paid Rowntree 6 time higher the market price in acquisition of Kit Kat, Quality street and Smarties,Rolos andYorkies
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26.
     Defensible position Transform market  Durability  Extendibility
  • 27.
     Country oforigin: Japan,Tiwan,Swiss  Market Dominance:
  • 28.
     Distribution network:Hertz Network, Post Office  Distribution Control  Pockets of strengths  Distribution Uniqueness Avon cosmetics sells door to door Dell computer  Lead-time  Supplier network: Nissan motors