The document discusses classroom assessment policies in the Philippines. It defines assessment, formative and summative assessment, and the principles of effective assessment. It explains that assessment involves tracking learner progress on learning standards and 21st century skills. Formative assessment occurs during lessons to guide instruction, while summative assessment occurs at the end to evaluate learning. Learners are assessed individually and collaboratively using methods like checklists, records and grades. The document provides guidelines for assessment and grading during disruptions to traditional instruction like the COVID-19 pandemic.