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Nagarjun Donipala et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 1( Version 1), January 2014, pp.261-265

RESEARCH ARTICLE

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OPEN ACCESS

An Adaptive Power System Stability Enhancement Using Static
Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC)
Nagarjun Donipala1, R. Suresh Babu2,
1
2

M.Tech Student, J.B Institute of Engineering & Technology (Autonomous), Hyderabad, India.
Professor and I/C HOD in JB Institute of Engineering and Technology (Autonomous), Hyderabad

ABSTRACT
In this research we are investigate the controlling and enhancing or modulation power flow in a transmission
line using a static synchronous series compensator (SSSC). At present studies it include detailed PWM
techniques controlled for SSSC, are conducted in control circuits. In this proposed technique we are study a
static synchronous series compensator is used to investigate the device in controlling active and reactive power
as well as damping power system oscillations in th transient mode. This SSSC DEVICE IS EQUIPPED WITH A
SOURCE ENERGY IN TH dc LINK can observe or supply the active and reactive power to or supply the active
and reactive power to or from the line. This application has been done in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment.
The simulation results are obtained from a selected bus-2 in two machine power system shows and efficiency of
this compensator is one of the facts device as a member in power flow controller to achieve desired value for
active, reactive powers and damping oscillations appropriately,
keywords -STATCOM, SSSC, UPFC, Voltage Source Converter (VSC), FACTS

I.

INTRODUCTION

Generally nowadays a greater demand has
been placed on the transmission network and then to
improve demands will rise, because of increasing the
number of non utility generators and heightened
computation utilities. These utilities need to use their
power transmission system more effectively, improve
their utilization degree. To reduce the effective
reactance of lines by series compensation to a direct
approach improve the transmission capability. The
stability considerations are limited in the power
transfer capability of long transmission lines. Because
of electronic switching capabilities to maintain the
stability during the transient faults results the power
stability is improved.
In this article for stability improvement we
investigate the static synchronous series compensator
(SSSC) FACTS [1] controllers are preformed. FACTS
devices contain a solid state voltage source converter
(VSC) it will generate the controllable to alter the
current at fundamental frequency. When the injected
voltage was kept in quadrature with the line current,
can be emulate the inductive or capacitive reactance
so as influence the power flow through the
transmission lines. The primary purpose of a SSSC to
control the power flow in steady state, and it can also
improve their stability of power system.

II.

embedded transmission lines from which to inject the
model of using two port networks is presented. The
SSSC also review some of the possible review
advantages and uses the SSSC in power system
operations. The unified power flow controller is the
most versatile FACTS device it allows the
independent influence of the active and reactive power
flows as well as to control the voltage profile at the
same time. The Unified Power Flow Controller
(UPFC) is a combination of both STATCOM (Static
Synchronous Compensator) and SSSC are connect via
a common dc link to allow the bidirectional flow of
the power between the series output terminals of the
SSSC and shunt the output terminals of the
STATCOM.

III.

STRUCTURE OF SSSC

Basically the SSSC consisting of converter
with a semiconductor devices having turn off
capability to coupling with transformer and capacity.
The converters are connected to a power system
through a coupling transformer. In that the DC
capacitor deliver or provides a DC voltage support for
the converter functions and operators are energy
storage element [2]. SSSC injects a voltage in series
with transmission lines through the series transformer.

RELATE WORK

These papers to review the design of SSSC
and to derive the exact pi-model of the SSSC

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Fig.1 schematic diagram of sssc inserted transmission
line.
It connected in series with the transmission
line. The three phase transformers are used to connect
the compensator in series with the power system. A
functional model of SSSC where the dc capacitor has
been replaced by an energy storage device as a high
energy storage installation to allows an active as well
as reactive power exchanges with the AC system. The
SSSC output voltage phase displacement of the
inserted voltage Vpq, with respect the transmission line
I, to determine the exchange the real and reactive
power with AC system [3].
The SSSC working in four quadrants, again
assuming a energy storage device connected at the
SSSC’s input terminal in fig. line current phasor I line is
used as a reference phasor while injected SSSC
voltage phasor is allowed to rotate the center of the
circle defines by the maximum inserted voltage
Vpqmax.

Fig.2 SSSC phasor diagram.

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SSSC is one of the variable reactance because the
injected voltage and current to the model circuit by
this devices are changing depends upon the system
conditions. To respond the dynamic and transient
modifications are created in design, SSSC to utilize
the series converters. One of the port is connected to
the AC system and the other port is connected to a
capacitor and battery within the system to assume DC
source as a battery. The dynamic changes in this
system will be occurred [4], in SSSC circuit works
such that according to the control model circuit the
energy of battery will be converted to the AC from
converter and then injecting the voltage circuit
changes will be damped appropriately. The active and
reactive power of BUS2 is calculated using their
voltage and current in dq0 references and compared
with the determined reference and produced error
signal is given to the PI controllers. We are adjusting
the parameters of the PI controllers, trying to achieve
the zero signal error, such that power can follow the
reference powers precisely. Then the outputs of the
controllers are transformed to the abc reference
voltage given to the PWM.

V.

SSSC MODELING

Dynamic performance of SSSC is presented
by a real time voltage and current signals. Bu using
MATLAB software the system has been obtained in
Fig.3. In this model circuit SSSC has been utilized to
control the power flow in the 500 KV transmission
systems. The system which has been made like a ring
mode consisting of 4 buses (B1 to B4) are connected
to each other through the three phase transmission
lines L1, L2-1,L2-2, and L3 with the length of
280,150,150, 50 km respectively. The system has been
supplied by two power plants with the phase to phase
voltage equal to 13.8 kv.
Table 1
Obtained Results from the simulations
BUS VOLTAGE CURRENT
P
Q
NO
(Pu)
(Pu)
(Pu) (Pu)
1
1.007
13.5
20.06
3.76
2
1.007
6.7
9.95
1.81
3
1.002
9.8
14.84
0.48
4
1.015
5.5
8.45
0.59

Mathematical, SSSC operation in each of the
four quadrants is possible, theoretically the SSSC
operation in each of the four quadrants is possible, but
there are some disadvantages to inject SSSC voltage
due to operating constraints of practical power system

IV.

METHODOLOGY OF SSSC

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power plants 1 and 2 such as governor, PSS and other
stabilizing all devices are used for damping these
oscillations.

Fig.3.The convertor of SSSC

Fig.5.Configuration of two machine power system.

Fig.4.The control circuit of SSSC
In this model the active and reactive power
injected by power plants 1 and 2 to the power system
are presented in per unit by using the base parameters
Sb=100MVA and Vb=500KV, which active and
reactive powers of power plants 1 and 2 are (24-j3.8)
and (15.6-j0.5) in per unit, respectively.

VI.

5.1 Active Power of Bus-2 without the installation of
SSSC

SIMULATION RESULTS

In this proposed initially the power system
with two machines and four buses has been simulated
in MATLAB/ SIMULATION environment and then
powers and voltages in all buses have been shown in
fig.5. The results have been given in Table 1. We are
obtained the results through bus-2 has selected as a
user bus to which the SSSC is installed. In this
application we concentrate on the simulation results
have been focused on bus-2 in model simulation.
Table 1: Obtained Results from the simulations.
CASE STUDIES
5.1.BUS-2 PARAMETERS WITHOUT SSSC
Variations in current, voltage, active and
reactive powers of bus-2 have been obtained in real
time. We observed fig.5.1 at first the large loads of the
system active power of bus-2 got oscillations keep
continuing for 3 seconds. This controlling system in
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5.2 Reactive power of Bus-2 without the installation
of SSSC.
Then we observe the reactive power of bus-2
got the oscillations at the first and then will damp
sufficiently. In these oscillations amplitude the active
power is more than that of reactive power, so the
ohmic parts of loads of systems are much more. Then
in fig.6.1.3 after transient mode is created in the
system in that we are measured voltage and current
waveforms of bus-2 got closer to the sinusoidal
waveforms.

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Fig.6.2.Reactive power of bus-2 in the presence of
SSSC
Fig.5.3 Current and voltage of Bus-2 without the
installation of SSSC.
5.2.PARAMETERS WITH SSSC
In this transmission model circuit fig.6, SSSC
has been placed between bus-1 and bus-2 and the main
goal is achieving the following active and reactive
power.

According the installation of the SSSC,
active power damping time will be less than the mode
without SSSC and it will be faster damped [6]-[8].
And also reactive power damping time will be reduced
and system will follow the reference value with
acceptable error.

Fig.6.3 Current of the Bus-2 in the presence of SSSC.
After that the current of bus-2 in the presence
of SSSC after transient mode will be in the form of
sinusoidal form.

VII.
Fig.6 .Two Machine systems with SSSC
The main role of SSSC is controlling active
and reactive powers [5]; beside these SSSC could
fairly improve the transient oscillations of the system.
After insertion of the SSSC, besides to controlling the
power flow in bus-2 we want to keep the constant
voltage value in 1 per unit, hence the power flow is
done in the presence of SSSC and the simulation
results are as follows.

CONCLUSION

In our proposed method the SSSC is a
capable of controlling the flow of power at a particular
point in the transmission line. And also it observed
that the SSSC to inject a fast active changing voltages
in series with the line irrespective of the phase and
magnitude of the line current. In this research the
SSSC is used to damping the power oscillation on a
grid power following a three phase fault based on
obtained simulation results and the performance of the
SSSC has been used in a simple two machine system
easily selected bus-2 and this SSSC application will be
extended in future research to a complex and multi
machine system to investigate the problems related to
the various schemes of power oscillation in the power
system.

References
[1]

Fig.6.1.Active power of bus-2 in the presence of SSSC

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[2]

M. Faridi , H.Maeiiat, M. Karimi, P. Farhadi
and H. Mosleh (2011) “power System
Stability
Enhancement
Using
Static
Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC)”
IEEE Transactions on power system
Sandeep Gupta, R. K. Tripathi (2010)
"Voltage Stability Improvement in Power
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[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

Systems using Facts Controllers: State-ofthe- Art Review". IEEE Transactions on
Power System, pp.I-8.
H. Taheri, S. Shahabi, Sh. Taheri and A.
Gholami (2009) "Application of Synchronous
Static Series Compensator (SSSC) on
Enhancement of Voltage Stability and Power
Oscillation Damping", IEEE Transactions on
Power System, pp. 533-539
Abido M. A. (2009), "Power System Stability
Enhancement Using Facts Controllers: A
Review", The Arabian Journal for Science
and Engineering, Volume 34, pp. 153-172.
B.N. Singh, A. Chandra, K.AI-Haddad and
B. Singh (1999) "Performance of slidingmode and fuzzy controllers for a static
synchronous series compensator", IEEE
proceedings, Volume 146, No.2, pp. 200-206.
Sen K K (1998), “SSSC-Static Synchronous
Series Compensator: Theory, Modeling and
Publications”, IEEE Trans. Power Delivery,
Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 241-246.
Singh B N, Chandra A, Al-Haddad K and
Singh B (1999), “Performance of SlidingMode and Fuzzy Controllers for a Static
Synchronous Seriescompensator”, IEEE
Proceedings on the No. 19990072, IEEE.
Wang F (1999), “Design of SSSC Damping
Controller to Improve Power System
Oscillation Stability”, IEEE.

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AUTHOR
Mr.Nagarjun Donipala Received B.Tech
degree from JNTUH, INDIA and presently
he is pursuing M.Tech in ELECTRICAL
POWR
SYSTEMS
from
JBIET
(Autonomous), His areas of Interests are
power Systems, Machines.

Mr.R.Suresh Babu Completed B.Tech
from
NAGARJUNA
University,
M.Tech from JNTU KAKINADA &
pursuing Ph.d from ANU and currently
working as Associate Professor in J.B.
Institute
of Engineering and Technology
(Autonomous), Hyderabad , India.

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