The Aztec civilization was located in central Mexico around Lake Texcoco. Their education system emphasized oral communication since their Nahuatl language was not written until Spanish conquest. There were two main types of schools - the telpochcalli focused on practical skills and military training, while the calmecac provided advanced learning. Schools were separated by social class and gender, with noble children attending schools attached to temples. Commoners went to local schools. Children who disobeyed faced punishments like inhaling spicy smoke or being pinched.