Basic Concepts of Object Oriented Programming using C++
- 1. Basic Concepts of Object Oriented Programming using C++ By :- Shivam Pathak
- 2. CONTENTS :- ● What is Object Oriented Programming? ● List of basic concepts of Object Oriented Programming ● Class ● Objects ● Encapsulation ● Polymorphism ● Inheritance ● Abstraction
- 3. What is Object Oriented Programming? Object oriented programming is a type of programming which uses objects and classes its functioning. The object oriented programming is based on real world entities like inheritance, polymorphism, data hiding, etc. It aims at binding together data and function work on these data sets into a single entity to restrict their usage.
- 4. List of basic concepts of Object Oriented Programming :- Some basic concepts of object oriented programming are − ● CLASS ● OBJECTS ● ENCAPSULATION ● POLYMORPHISM ● INHERITANCE ● ABSTRACTION
- 5. CLASS ● Class is a user-defined data-type. ● A class contains members like data members and member functions. ● Data members are variables of the class. ● Member functions are the methods that are used to manipulate data members. ● Data members define the properties of the class whereas the member functions define the behaviour of the class.
- 6. OBJECTS An object is an instance of a class. It is an entity with characteristics and behaviour that are used in the object oriented programming. An object is the entity that is created to allocate memory. A class when defined does not have memory chunk itself which will be allocated as soon as objects are created. Syntax :- class_name object_name;
- 7. ENCAPSULATION Encapsulation In object oriented programming, encapsulation is the concept of wrapping together of data and information in a single unit. A formal definition of encapsulation would be: encapsulation is binding together the data and related function that can manipulate the data. Due to the concept of encapsulation in object oriented programming another very important concept is possible, it is data abstraction or Data Hiding. it is possible as encapsulating hides the data at show only the information that is required to be displayed.
- 8. POLYMORPHISM The name defines polymorphism is multiple forms which means polymorphism is the ability of object oriented programming to do some work using multiple forms. The behaviour of the method is dependent on the type or the situation in which the method is called. In C++ programming language, polymorphism is achieved using two ways:- ● Operator Overloading ● Function Overloading
- 9. Inheritance It is the capability of a class to inherit or derive properties or characteristics other class. it is very important and object oriented program as it allows reusability i.e. using a method defined in another class by using inheritance. C++ programming language supports the following types of inheritance ● Single inheritance ⚪ Hierarchical inheritance ● Multiple inheritance ⚪ Hybrid
- 10. Abstraction Abstraction Data abstraction or Data Hiding is the concept of hiding data and showing only relevant data to the final user. It is also an important part object oriented programing. In C plus plus programming language write two ways using which we can accomplish data abstraction − ● using class ● using header file