Basic_Fire_&_Fire_Extinguisher_Training.ppt
- 1. BASIC FIRE SAFETY TRAINING Health, Safety & Environment Department Cherat Cement Company Limited
- 2. BASIC FIRE SAFETY TRAINING Health, Safety & Environment Department Cherat Cement Company Limited
- 3. Objectives Objectives • Understand the combustion process and different fire classes • Understand fire extinguisher types, operating procedures • Understand basic firefighting concepts: Fire Safety & Fire Extinguisher Use
- 4. The Combustion Process Fire Safety & Fire Extinguisher Use • Three components • Need all three components to start a fire • Fire extinguishers remove one or more of the components.
- 5. Fire Classes • Wood • Paper • Cloth A Trash Wood Paper C Gas Fire B Liquids Grease COMBUSTIBLE METALS • Gasoline • Oil • Grease • Other solvents • Computers • Fax Machine • Other Energized Electrical equip. • Magnesium • Sodium • Potassium • Titanium E Electrical Equipment E C K Electrical Equipment K • LPG • Natural Gas • Propane • Methene • Cooking Oil • Oven Fires • Fats E
- 6. Fire Classes (cont.) K Cooking Media • Recently recognized by NFPA 10 • Fires involving combustible oils, lards and fats in commercial cooking. CLASS K FIRES CLASS K FIRES
- 7. EXTINGUISHER Fire Safety & Fire Safety & Fire Extinguisher Use Fire Extinguisher Use
- 8. Fire Extinguisher Anatomy DISCHARGE HOSE DISCHARGE NOZZLE DISCHARGE ORIFICE BODY DATA PLATE CARRYING HANDLE PRESSURE GAUGE (not found on CO2 extinguishers) DISCHARGE LEVER DISCHARGE LOCKING PIN AND SEAL
- 9. Fire Extinguisher Types • Class “A” fires only • 2.5 gal. water (up to 1 minute discharge time) • Has pressure gauge to allow visual capacity check • 30-40 ft. maximum effective range • Can be started and stopped as necessary • Extinguishes by cooling cooling burning material below the ignition point. PRESSURIZED WATER PRESSURIZED WATER A Trash Wood Paper B Liquids Grease C Electrical Equipment A Trash Wood Paper B Liquids Grease C Electrical Equipment
- 10. Fire Extinguisher Types (cont.) • Class “B” or “C” fires • 2.5-100 lb. of CO2 (8-30 seconds discharge time) • Has NO NO pressure gauge--capacity verified by weight • 3-8 ft. maximum effective range • Extinguishes by smothering smothering burning materials • Effectiveness decreases decreases as temperature of burning material increases. CARBON DIOXIDE (CO CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2 2) ) A Trash Wood Paper B Liquids Grease C Electrical Equipment A Trash Wood Paper B Liquids Grease C Electrical Equipment
- 11. Fire Extinguisher Types (cont.) • Class “A”, “B”, or “C” fires • 2.5-20 lb. dry chemical (ammonium phosphate) 8-25 seconds discharge time) • Has pressure gauge to allow visual capacity check • 5-20 ft. maximum effective range • Extinguishes by smothering smothering burning materials. MULTIPURPOSE DRY CHEMICAL MULTIPURPOSE DRY CHEMICAL A Trash Wood Paper B Liquids Grease C Electrical Equipment A Trash Wood Paper B Liquids Grease C Electrical Equipment
- 12. Fire Extinguisher Summary EXTINGUISHER TYPE WORKS BY EFFECTIVE AGAINST PRESSURIZED WATER CARBON DIOXIDE MULTIPURPOSE DRY CHEMICAL COOLING SMOTHERING SMOTHERING
- 13. Fire Emergency Response R R Rescue escue A Alarm larm C Contain ontain E Extinguish xtinguish A C E
- 14. Fighting the Fire P Pull the pin ull the pin A Aim low at im low at the base of flames the base of flames S Squeeze the handle queeze the handle S Sweep side to side weep side to side P A S S
- 15. Firefighting Decision Criteria • Know department emergency procedures and evacuation routes • Know locations of extinguishers in your area and how to use them • Always sound the alarm regardless of fire size • Avoid smoky conditions • Ensure area is evacuated • Don’t attempt to fight unless: • Alarm is sounded • Fire is small and contained • You have safe egress route (can be reached without exposure to fire) • Available extinguishers are rated for size and type of fire • If in doubt, evacuate! “DON’T ATTEMPT TO FIGHT UNLESS YOU ARE TRAINED”
- 16. FIRE BALL (AFO) Fire Safety & Fire Safety & Auto Fire Off Ball Use Auto Fire Off Ball Use
- 17. MOBILE FOAM UNIT Fire Safety & Fire Safety & Mobile Foam Unit Use Mobile Foam Unit Use
- 18. Summary • Combustion Process (Fire Triangle) • Class A, B, C, D, K fires • Types of portable fire extinguishers: • Operating procedures • Capabilities and limitations • Basic firefighting concepts: • R.A.C.E R.A.C.E • P.A.S.S P.A.S.S Fire Safety & Fire Extinguisher Use
- 19. An emergency is a situation that poses an immediate risk to health, life, property, or environment. OR It can be defined as an accident/incident that has a potential to cause serious injuries, loss of life, building & equipment. What is an Emergency ?? What is an Emergency ??
- 20. Emergency Response Emergency Response Proceed to Nearest Safe Assembly Point via Nearest Exit Don’t RUN…. It may cause stampede.. Don’t be lazy… You might be trapped.. Take a speedy Walk.. Safest option.. Safe Assembly Area
- 21. • Don’t Panic • Stop the work/activity • If fire is small then try to extinguish • If fire is not controlled then call to fire emergency team. • Inform the all worker by calling or alarming • Don’t run. • Proceed to assembly point. Emergency Evacuation Procedure (Fire)
- 22. Emergency Preparedness Emergency Preparedness Know your site emergency numbers, HSE Office Landline : 7234/ 7434 From Cell: 0923569411 (Ext: 7234/7434) Radio Channel #: 04 Dispensary/ Ambulance: 7222
- 23. Fire Tender/ Truck Fire Hydrants Fire Extinguishers (Both DCP & CO2) Mobile Foam Units Fire Bucket Stands FM - 200 Fire Suppression System (I.T) Plus for Fire Detection: Smoke Detectors Fire Alarm System (Multiple Locations) Fire Fighting Arrangements at CCCL Fire Fighting Arrangements at CCCL
- 26. Always remember the acronym – PASS Pull the pin Aim at the base of the fire Squeeze the handle Sweep from side to side
- 27. Line-I DCPs 169 255 CO2 86 Foam Unit 03 SAP 04 FH 44
- 28. Line-II DCPs 77 149 CO2 72 Foam Unit 03 SAP 03 FH 19
- 29. Line-III DCPs 79 140 CO2 61 Foam Unit 03 SAP 05 FH 30
- 30. Quiz Question 1 • Fire extinguisher marked with an A is used on: • A) Oil fires • B) Electrical fires • C) Paper material fires • D) None of the above
- 31. Quiz Question 2 • Fire extinguishers marked with a B can be used on: • A) Paper, trash • B) Oil or Grease • C) Electrical • D) Non of the above
- 32. Quiz Question 3 • Fire extinguisher marked ABC can be used on: • A) Wood, Paper • B) Electrical • C) Liquids and grease • D) All of the above
- 33. Quiz Question 5 • For what fires is a Halon Fire Extinguisher being used? • Guess 1 • Guess 2 • Guess 3 • Guess 4
Editor's Notes
- #3: BRIEFLY REVIEW OBJECTIVES.
- #4: ASK “WHAT FOUR INGREDIENTS ARE NEEDED TO CREATE A FIRE?” AND SHOW SLIDE. EXPLAIN HOW IT SHOWS “FIRE TETRAHEDRON”--FOUR-SIDED FIGURE SHOWING RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COMPONENTS OF COMBUSTION PROCESS (UPDATE FROM OLD “FIRE TRIANGLE”--ADDS CHEMICAL CHAIN REACTION AS FOURTH ELEMENT). EXPLAIN THAT EACH COMPONENT IS EQUALLY IMPORTANT. ASK “HOW DO YOU PUT OUT A FIRE?” (REMOVE ONE OR MORE OF THE ABOVE ELEMENTS). EXPLAIN HOW EXTINGUISHERS WE USE ARE ALL DESIGNED TO DO THIS.
- #5: DESCRIBE THE FIVE FIRE CLASSES ON THIS AND NEXT SLIDE. POINT OUT OLD AND NEW FIRE SYMBOLS--USED TO MARK EXTINGUISHERS FOR SUITABILITY FOR USE ON FIRE CLASSES. TO DECIDE IF EXTINGUISHER IS APPROPRIATE, MATCH SYMBOL TO TYPE OF FIRE BEING ENCOUNTERED.
- #6: RECENT ADDITION TO NFPA 10. DESIGNED FOR USE WITH HOTTER BURNING NON-SATURATED FAT FIRES.
- #7: WELCOME STUDENTS. INTRODUCE YOURSELF. REMIND STUDENTS ABOUT: ATTENDANCE ROSTER. FEEDBACK FORM (IF USED). HANDOUTS (IF USED--COPIES OF SLIDES 8 AND 15).
- #8: POINT OUT DIFFERENT COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHER. POINT OUT THAT CO2 EXTINGUISHER IS UNIQUE IN THAT IT DOES NOT HAVE PRESSURE GAUGE.
- #12: BRIEFLY REVIEW EACH EXTINGUISHER TYPE, STRENGTHS, WEAKNESSES. POINT OUT STUDENTS HAVE COPY OF THIS SLIDE AS ONE OF HANDOUTS.
- #13: ASK “WHAT DO I DO IF I SEE A FIRE?” RESCUE VICTIMS. ALARM ACTIVATION TO SUMMON HELP. CONTAIN FIRE TO PREVENT SPREAD--CLOSE DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUT OFF EXHAUST, ETC. EXTINGUISH THE FLAMES--PUT THE FIRE OUT.
- #14: IF YOU DECIDE TO FIGHT FIRE, USE “P.A.S.S.” ACRONYM TO REMEMBER HOW TO OPERATE THE EXTINGUISHER PROPERLY.
- #15: ASK “HOW DO I DECIDE TO FIGHT THE FIRE OR EVACUATE?” IF ONE OR MORE OF THE ABOVE CRITERIA AREN’T MET, BUG OUT! IF YOU DO USE AN EXTINGUISHER, PLACE IT OUT OF SERVICE AND NOTIFY THE APPROPRIATE PERSON(S) SO IT CAN BE RECHARGED OR REPLACED.
- #16: WELCOME STUDENTS. INTRODUCE YOURSELF. REMIND STUDENTS ABOUT: ATTENDANCE ROSTER. FEEDBACK FORM (IF USED). HANDOUTS (IF USED--COPIES OF SLIDES 8 AND 15).
- #17: WELCOME STUDENTS. INTRODUCE YOURSELF. REMIND STUDENTS ABOUT: ATTENDANCE ROSTER. FEEDBACK FORM (IF USED). HANDOUTS (IF USED--COPIES OF SLIDES 8 AND 15).
- #18: BRIEFLY REVIEW COMBUSTION PROCESS, FIRE CLASSES, TYPES OF EXTINGUISHERS, AND THEIR LIMITATIONS (REMIND STUDENTS OF HANDOUTS). REVIEW “R.A.C.E”, “P.A.S.S.” ACRONYMS. ASK FOR QUESTIONS. REMIND STUDENTS TO SIGN ROSTER.