Basics of Computer hardware and Software
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The document provides information about basics of computer hardware and software. It defines hardware components like the monitor, keyboard, mouse, printer, speakers and internal components like the CPU, motherboard, RAM and graphic card. It also explains system software like operating systems for desktops, mobiles and application software. It lists different types of file extensions for video, audio, images and text files. It provides instructions for tasks like taking screenshots, formatting text, saving documents as PDF and installing/uninstalling software.
Basics of Computer hardware and Software
- 1. BASICS OF COMPUTER HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE By:- Vaibhav Jindal
- 2. Outline • Hardware • Software’s • Application Software • System Software • Extensions
- 3. Hardware • Monitor • Mouse/Joy Stick/ Touch pad • Printer • Keyboard • Web Camera • Speakers • CPU • SMPS • RAM • Hard Disk • Mother Board • Network CardWiFi CardBluetooth Card • Processor • Graphic Card • CD- Writer • Sound Card
- 4. SMPS(Switch Mode Power Supply)
- 5. RAM
- 6. Hard Disk
- 7. Mother Board
- 8. Ports
- 9. Processor
- 10. Heatsink
- 11. Software
- 12. Computer Operating Systems • Unix-Unix was originally written in assembly language. • macOS (formerly "Mac OS X" and later "OS X") is a line of open core graphical operating systems developed, marketed, and sold by Apple Inc., the latest of which is pre-loaded on all currently shipping Macintosh computers. • Linux-Radhat and ubuntu • Windows- Microsoft windows (98,xp,7, 8 and 10) 32 and 64 bit • Other- RISC OS and MorphOS
- 13. Mobile Operating Systems • Android OS (Google Inc.) ... • Bada (Samsung Electronics) ... • BlackBerry OS (Research In Motion) ... • iPhone OS / iOS (Apple) ... • MeeGo OS (Nokia and Intel) ... • Palm OS (Garnet OS) ... • Symbian OS (Nokia) ... • webOS (Palm/HP)
- 14. Application Software • Proprietary software can be divided into two types: • Freeware - which includes the category of "free trial" software or "freemium" software (in the past, the term shareware was often used for free trial/freemium software). As the name suggests, freeware can be used free, although in the case of free trials or freemium software, this is sometimes only true for a limited period of time or with limited functionality. • Commercial software – Software available for a fee, often inaccurately termed "commercial software", which can only be legally used on purchase of a license. • Open source software - on the other hand, comes with a free software license, granting the recipient the rights to modify and redistribute the software.
- 15. Software Needs for PCB Design • CIRCUIT SIMULATOR (Testing purpose) • MICROCONTROLLER PROGRAMMING (Programming) • LAYOUT DESIGN
- 16. Software • Matlab • Express PCB • EAGLE • Easy EDA • Tina CAD • LT Spice (Linear Technology Design Simulation and Device Models) • Proteus Design Suite • KeiluVision • OrCAD • Diptrace • Autodesk Product Design Suite (AutoCAD) • Autodesk MAYA • ANSYS Design Space or Ansoft • ANSYS HFSS
- 17. Extensions • Video Extensions • Audio Extensions • Image Extensions • Text Extensions • Others
- 18. Vidéo Extensions • #.MPEG – Moving Picture Experts Group • #.WMV – Windows Media Video • #.FLV – Flash Video • #.AVI – Audio Video Interleave • #.MP4 – MPEG Layer 4 • #.ASF – Advanced Systems Format • #.DivX – Digital Video Express (DivX-encoded Movie) • #.3GP-Third Generation Partnership Project
- 19. Audio Extensions • #.Mp3 – MPEG Audio Layer 3 • #.AIFF – Audio Interchange File Format • #.M3U – Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer 3 Uniform Resource Locator This file format is like an extension for Mp3 as it is used in it. • #.WAV – Waveform PCM Audio • #.WMA – Windows Media Audio • #.BWF – Broadcast Wave Format • #.DAT – Digital Audio Tape
- 20. Image Extensions • #.JPEG – Joint Photographic Experts Group • #.GIF – Graphics Interchange Format, • #.PNG – Portable Network Graphics • #.BMP – Windows Bitmap • #.TIFF – Tag Image File Format
- 21. Text Extensions • #.PDF – Portable Document Format ( read only) • #.DOC – Microsoft Word Document • #.TXT – Plain Text File • #.DOCX – Microsoft Word Open XML Document • #.NDOC – Naver Word • #.FODT – OpenDocument Flat XML Document • #.SUB – Subtitle File • #.ME – Readme Text File • #.RTF – Rich Text Format File • #.FDR – Final Draft Document
- 22. Others • #.ISO-Image File EltraISO or Power ISO • #.rar or #.zip- Zip file Winrar • #.m-Matlab File Matlab • #.vhd-VHDL Code ModelSim • #.v-Verilog Code ModelSim • #.c- C programming file • #.html- Hypertext markup language • #.php- Personal Home page • #.pptx-Power Point presentation Microsoft power point • #.xml-Extensible markup language • #.java or #.jar- JAVA File • #.exe-Executable file format Application or Setup File • #.apk-Application Package Kit App for Mobiles. • #.GUI- Graphics User Interface
- 23. Software • MS Office • MS Excel • Matlab
- 24. How to compose e-mail
- 25. How to Read Mail • Inbox • Spam
- 26. How to add signature in mail
- 29. How to take a snapshot • Press PrintScrn Key. • Paste at any application like MS-office/power point or Paint
- 30. Ctrl+A Select all contents of the page. Ctrl+B Bold highlighted selection. Ctrl+C Copy selected text. Ctrl+D Open the font preferences window. Ctrl+E Aligns the line or selected text to the center of the screen. Ctrl+F Open find box. Ctrl+I Italic highlighted selection. Ctrl+J Aligns the selected text or line to justify the screen. Ctrl+L Aligns the line or selected text to the left of the screen. Ctrl+P Open the print window. Ctrl+V Paste. Ctrl+X Cut selected text. Ctrl+Y Redo the last action performed. Ctrl+Z Undo last action. Ctrl+Shift+> Increases the selected text size by one font size. Ctrl+Shift+< Decreases the selected text size by one font size. Ram is a good boy Shyam is a bad boy Ram is a good boy Shyam is a bad boy Ram is a good boy Shyam is a bad boy CTRL+L CTRL+R CTRL+E CTRL+J
- 31. Space Vs Long Space • Name : Ram Kumar • DOB : 12/01/1998 • Name : Ram Kumar • DOB : 12/01/1998 With SPACE key With LONG SPACE (TAB) key
- 32. •MS-Office upgraded versions after MS-office 07 have a options to save documents file in PDF format. •MS-office10, MS-Office13 and MS-Office16 has this features. •Procedure- • File • Save As • Select Location • Change Extension to PDF(*.pdf) • Save Save Document file in PDF Format/Change of Extension
- 33. Download of files… •Don’t keep your important in C Drive (C partition of Hard Disk) Because this data is lost with the format of Operating system. •C: Downloads, Desktop, User Files and others. •Try to keep your data in different drives other than C, example: D, E.. •Generally the operating system is installed in C drive.
- 34. Installation of Software's. •Generally Installation of Software is done by running application (.exe) file. •By default the installation is done in C:Programfille folder or directly in C drive •Some computer programs can be executed by simply coping them into folder stored on a computer and executing them.
- 35. Uninstallation of Software.. •Un-Installation of software is done with the help of Control Panel •Open the Control panel by searching in start menu • If View By: LargeSmall Icon click on Programs and features • If View By: Category click on Uninstall a program • Click which software you wants to installed. • Click Uninstall/change
- 36. RUN Commands • Temp • %temp% • Msinfo32 • Msconfig • Cmd • Appwix.cpl
- 37. How to share files on LAN • Right click on Folder or File properties. • Click sharing on task bar. • Click Share.. • Add person • Click on Share. • Give permission for Read/write