Biling.
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The document presents information on bilingualism from a presentation. It defines bilingualism as the ability to communicate in two languages. It discusses the importance of bilingualism, noting that most of the world's population is bilingual and that bilingualism provides cognitive benefits. Specific benefits mentioned include improved multitasking skills, problem solving, creativity and memory. The document also addresses myths about bilingualism and concludes that studying bilingualism has many advantages, including cultural, cognitive, social and communication benefits as well as increasing brain power and awareness of other cultures.
Biling.
- 2. PRESENTATION BILINGUALISM MS ENGLISH LINGUISTICS SEMESTER 2ND(MID TERM) Presented By: MUHAMMAD TAHIR AWAN Presented to : DR.AKRAM Topic :The importance of the study of Bilingualism
- 3. AIM OF PRESENTATION To introduce the topic and share my ideas with you about definition of Bilingualism and its significance.
- 4. Sequence of Discussion DEFINING BILINGUALISM A Short Introduction to Bilingualism IMPORANCE OF BILINGUALISM BENEFITS OF BEING A BILINGUAL BILINGUAL BRAIN AND CHILD MYTH vs. FACT ABOUT THE STUDY OF BILINGUAL Final Thought (Conclusion)
- 5. DEFINING BILINGUALISM A simply definition of bilingualism is an ability to communicate easily in two languages, not necessarily with equal proficiency. Anyone can become bilingual, but it’s much easier to bilingual when you are a child. Most often you will find that a person with an accent became bilingual later in life. Bilingualism is a norm, not an exception. As surprising as it might seem, most people in the world are bilingual.
- 6. A Short introduction to Bilingualism Bilingual: Having, speaking, spoken or written in, two languages”.(Concise Oxford Dictionary). Nowadays the numbers of people that are able to speak more than one language have been increased in of many parts of the world. According to (Trask, 1999) about 70 percent of the people in the world are bilingual. This demonstrates the necessity of investigation the role of bilingualism in the process of teaching and learning a foreign language. To have another language is to possess a second soul. ( Charlemagne )
- 7. INTRODUCTION TO BILINGUALISM As the twenty first century moves toward a global and international community, proficiency in only one language is not adequate for economics, social and educational success. Our interconnected global world requires the ability to speak more than one language to become a successful member of the community. Social bilingualism tell us something about who is bilingual. Being bilingual can improve a person’s multitasking skills, attention control, problem solving and creativity as it promotes outside-the- box thinking. It can also help to improve your memory.
- 8. INRODUCTION TO BILINGUALISM CONTINUES…, The words “bilingual” and “bilingualism” have many different meanings depending on the context they are used in. They can include the knowledge and use of two languages, the presentation of information in two languages, the need for two languages, the recognition of two or more languages, and so on. Researchers on bilingualism have repeated over the years that bilingualism is found in all age groups, in all levels of society, and in most countries.
- 9. An Introduction to BILINGUALISM Continues.. A common misconception is that bilingual master two languages fluently. In a sense, bilinguals are seen as two monolinguals in one person. In fact, the majority of bilinguals do not have equal fluency in their languages, many have an accent in at least one of their languages. As we will see, bilinguals use their languages for different purposes, in different domains of life, to accomplish different things. Their level of fluency in a language depends on their need for that language. Hence many bilinguals are more fluent in a given language, and some cannot read or write one of other languages.
- 10. IMPORTANCE OF BILINGUALISM A trait that was once considered a hindrance, has now proved to have so many advantages for both children and adults. We also understand more clearly the importance of the study of bilingualism. Nelson Mandela once said, ‘If you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head. If you talk to him in his language, that goes to his heart’. That’s a powerful statement. If we give students the gift of bilingualism – they have a better sense of themselves, their community, and their future, and a better appreciation for our diversity as a country As Tom said, we aspire to a day when every child has the opportunity to be bilingual and we have much work to do to pursue that goal.
- 11. Significance of Bilingualism Today more of the world’s population is bilingual or multilingual than monolingual. In addition to facilitating cross- cultural communication, this trends also positively affects cognitive abilities. Researchers have shown that the bilingual brain can have better attention and task- switching capacities than the monolingual brain. Bilingualism has positive effect at both ends of the age spectrum: Bilingual children as young as seven months can better adjust to environmental changes, while bilingual seniors can experience less cognitive decline.
- 12. DUEL AND BILINGUAL Bilingual education is an umbrella term for many types of programs in which two languages are used for instruction. Dual Language education is an effective approach to developing language proficiency and literacy in English and a partner language.
- 13. Multidimensional view of Language Bilingualism provides a multidimensional view of language learning that contains five categories; 1. Individual 2. Societal 3. Family 4. School 5. Disciplinary Not only does bilingualism introduce new linguistics, but it gives a perspective on cultural diversity.
- 14. Bilingual a Skill Is being bilingual is a skill? Yes, being bilingual is a skill just like any other language skill and you can definitely add it to your resume. Young children can quickly ( within 6 months) forget the old language and pick up a new one, if they move to another country. Initially the two languages are mixed up, but differentiation quickly emerges.
- 15. Bilingual Brain Research shows that bilingual people have an easier time with the key brain functions. MENTAL HEALTH : A bilingual brain is quicker, nimbler and more resistant in complex or tough situations. Academic Performance : Students in bilingual language programs perform consistently as compare to monolinguals. Preparation for the future : Bilingual adults have several advantageous over monolingual adults, including higher average salaries and greater career opportunities. KEY BRAIN FUNCTIONS : 1. Developing strong thinking skills 2. Cultivating greater cultural awareness. 3.Using logic 4. Focusing, remembering and making decisions. 5. Increasing reading comprehension.
- 17. 5 Reasons Why It’s good to be Bilingual 1.Bilingualism promotes cognitive development and higher levels of abstract thinking. 2.Blingualism makes you more marketable in the workplace. 3.It’s easier to learn third language when you know two. 4.Bilingualism makes travel a breeze when you can communicate with the locals. 5.Studies have found that it can help you in critical and different situations.
- 18. Studies of Bilingualism Studies show that bilinguals are better at retaining shopping lists, names, and directions. You become more perceptive : A study from Spain’s University of Pompeu Fabra revealed that bilingual people are better at observing their surroundings. They are more adept at focusing on relevant information and editing out the irrelevant. They’re also better at spotting misleading information. Your Decision- making skills Improve : According to a study from University of Chicago, bilinguals tend to make more rational decisions. Bilinguals are more confident with their choices after thinking it over in the second language . You improve your English : Learning a foreign language draws your focus to the mechanics of language: grammar, conjugations, and sentence structure. This makes you more aware of language, and the ways it can be structured and manipulated. These skills can make you a more effective communicator and a sharper editor and writer. (http://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/educationopinion/10126883/Why- learn-a- foreign-language-Benefits-of-bilingualism.html).
- 20. MYTH vs. FACT Bilingual language Development MYTH FACT Speaking 2 or more languages to a child can “confuse” them, so it is better to only speak 1 language. All children are capable of learning multiple languages. It is better for families to only speak the language taught in school to their children, even they do not speak the language well. Families should speak the language they are most comfortable speaking, so children are given rich linguistic models and can interact best with other members of their community. Young bilingual children are delayed in learning language compared to peers who only speak 1 language. Bilingualism does not cause language delays, and has been shown to improve children’s ability to learn new words, identify sounds, and problem solve. Bilingual children should not mix parts of the languages they speak. “Translanguaging” occurs when individuals grammatically mix aspects of the languages they speak. Children become bilingual just by Listening and responding are both
- 21. FINAL THOUGHT (Conclusion) The importance of the study of Bilingualism gives many advantages like cultural, cognitive, social and communication advantages. It is based on the learners’ needs, and his expectations behind learning language. Bilingualism increase Brain power. It increases awareness of other cultures. Bilingualism accelerates the process of learning new language. The latest research has proved that the bilinguals are better at IQ tests as compared to monolinguals.
- 22. Bilingualism has been a controversial issue in recent years. Proponents of bilingualism claim that they have many benefits: for example, it enhanced children's attention during academic life. Besides, it makes them advanced in phonetic learning that can help them to learn a new language. Moreover, bilingualism can strengthen the health from aging diseases (dementia). That means long health and well- being. That’s why I strongly support the idea of being a bilingual .Otherwise, half of the world is bilingual. However, some people believe that having two languages can have a harmful effect on society. There is much evidence that showed bilingualism as a problem, it decreases the amount of vocabulary, less speaking, writing and listening skills and difficulties in accessing individual words. Therefore, many people have argued that bilingual learning, development and notion policy have cost and benefit. However, the overall bilingual benefit is far balanced to the whole society, and thus society think is far better to support the idea.
- 23. REFERENCES Bialystok, E., Luk, G., & McBride-Chang, C (2005). Bilingualism, language proficiency, and learning to read in two writing systems. Journal of Educational Psychology. 97(4), 580-590. Hammer, C.S., Miccio A.W., &Wagstaff, D.A (2003). Home literacy experiences and their relationship to bilingual preschoolers‟ developing English literacy abilities: An initial investigation. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools. (34) 20-30. Jaffe, A. (2003). Talk around text: Literacy practices, cultural identity and authority in a Corsican bilingual classroom. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism. 6(3), 202-220. Watahomigie, L., & McCarty, T. (1996) „Literacy for what? Hualapai literacy and language maintenance.‟ In Indigenous literacies in the Americas: Language planning from the bottom up, N. H. Hornberger, ed. Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 95-113. Wingfield, A. (1968) „Effect of Frequency on Identification and Naming of Objects.‟ The American Journal of Psychology. 81(2): 226-234. Lightbown, P &Spada, N. (1999).How Languages are Learned. Oxford University Press: Oxford.