Biodiversity Mainstreaming through Incentives and Investments: The Case for Agrobiodiversity
0 likes819 views
This document discusses mainstreaming agricultural biodiversity through incentives and investments. It argues that conservation strategies for wild and agricultural biodiversity are largely pursued separately despite their interdependencies. Only 30% of national biodiversity strategic action plans include details on agrobiodiversity conservation and use. The document highlights examples from Brazil of using school feeding programs and market incentives to promote consumption of nutrient-rich native species. It also discusses the benefits of maintaining forest borders around coffee fields to reduce crop pests by attracting predators like the yellow warbler. The document advocates for payment programs that reward farmers for conserving crop wild relatives and genetic resources and outlines threats to forest foods in Burkina Faso mapped through a multi-threat model. In the end,
More Related Content
Similar to Biodiversity Mainstreaming through Incentives and Investments: The Case for Agrobiodiversity (20)
Biodiversity Mainstreaming through Incentives and Investments: The Case for Agrobiodiversity
- 1. Biodiversity Mainstreaming Through Incentives and Investments: The Case for Agrobiodiversity Ann Tutwiler, Director General, Bioversity International 29 May 2018 @AnnTutwiler @BioversityInt
- 2. i) Intrinsic wild biodiversity ii) Utilitarian wild biodiversity iii) Agro- ecosystems iv) Agro- biodiversity A Biodiversity Continuum… Agricultural biodiversity is the variety and variability of animals, plants and micro-organisms that are used directly or indirectly for food and agriculture.
- 3. Call to Action: Integrate Wild and Agrobiodiversity Conservation Goals Whooping Crane – An endangered species Yellow Warbler – Coffee borer beetle predator. Eagle Despite many linkages & interdependencies, conservation strategies for wild and for agricultural biodiversity are largely being pursued separately. Spatial overlap of high crop diversity and biodiversity hotspots https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Spatial-overlap-of-areas-of-high-crop-diversity-15-spp-crop-harvested-from-Monfreda_fig2_320331897
- 4. Call to Action: Mainstream Agricultural Biodiversity Across Sectors Through National Biodiversity Strategic Action Plans Most of the 119 reviewed NBSAPs make general reference to Aichi Biodiversity Targets 7 & 13, but only 30% include details of concrete actions for agrobiodiversity conservation and sustainable use. NBSAPs also missing opportunities to mainstream agrobiodiversity in broader development planning: poverty reduction, adaptation to climate change and food security.
- 5. Mainstreaming Wild & Agrobiodiversity: – It is not Either/Or but A Continuum Birds are effective pest predators. The Yellow Warbler likes to eat the coffee borer beetle. Whooping Crane – An endangered speciesEagle Butterfly pollinator on fennel Both wild and agricultural biodiversity provide multiple ecosystem services that support food production, underpin food security and human wellbeing. 35% of the world’s land is farmed. Agricultural land management is increasingly important for wild biodiversity conservation. At least 1/3 of world's crops depends upon pollination provided by insects and other animals. Wild biodiversity also provides ecosystem services like pest management. Multi-functional field margins provide critical habitats for wild biodiversity, e.g. pollinators and crop wild relatives YellowWarbler.Credit:MDF/Wikimedia
- 6. Wild Biodiversity is Shrinking Food Biodiversity is also Shrinking in Diets & Production Systems (Data source: Kew, 2016; FAO, 1997) 5,538 390,000 3 12
- 7. Mainstreaming Agricultural Biodiversity in Sustainable Food Systems Production Diets Genetic resources www.bioversityinternational.org/mainstreaming-agrobiodiversity #AgrobiodiversityBook
- 8. Brazil: Consumption Incentives School Feeding Programme provides healthy meals = minimum 20% of nutritional needs Information on 70 nutrient-rich native species (mostly wild) sent to inform menus >40 million students – future consumers A nutritionist in every school Healthy eating lessons and school gardens Mainstreaming Agricultural Biodiversity: Biodiversity for Food and Nutrition (1) Diets Students’ book covers feature healthy indigenous plants. Camu camu, a wild species from the Amazon, has 35 times more Vitamin C than oranges – one of the 70 (mostly wild) species analyzed
- 9. Brazil: Market Incentives The Food Procurement Programme: • purchases from family farms (30%) • guarantees minimum market price for farmers for 81 biodiverse nutritionally important species DietsMainstreaming Agricultural Biodiversity: Biodiversity for Food and Nutrition (2) School children with indigenous fruit procured from local farmers. Credit: Ministério do Desenvolvimento Social
- 10. Mainstreaming Agricultural Biodiversity: Stopping Crop Pests and Diseases in Their Tracks Diverse coffee production system. Credit: Bioversity International/F. DeClerck (inset: coffee borer beetle. Credit: L. Shyamal/Wikimedia and Yellow Warbler. Credit: MDF/Wikimedia) The coffee borer beetle can cost farmers up to 75% of their crop. Natural barriers can stop the beetle. Maintaining forest adjacent to coffee reduced the beetle’s movement between fields by 86%. Forests also provide bridges to aid wildlife movement through agricultural lands and attract pest predators – like the yellow warbler. Production
- 11. Mainstreaming Agricultural Biodiversity: Payment for Agrobiodiversity Conservation Services (PACS) Production Complementary to value chain approaches, incentives mechanisms are needed to align private incentives with the provision of public goods. PACS rewards farmers for conserving priority threatened genetic resources, including crop wild relatives, in a cost-effective manner, thereby supporting the implementation of farmers’ rights and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits. Current market potential Unknown current market potential No current market potential Priority Genetic Resources Conservation Portfolio
- 12. Mainstreaming Agricultural Biodiversity: Mapping Threats to 16 Food Tree Species (1) In Burkina Faso, 130,000 people are in a state of severe food insecurity – a number expected to increase to over 600,000 during the 2018 lean season. Forest foods – wild fruits, nuts, vegetables, mushrooms and animal products – provide a lifeline to rural populations. Yet many species, in the wild and in managed forest environments, are under threat. Genetic resources Women selling nutritious soumbala at the market in Burkina Faso. Soumbala is a spice made from the pulp and seeds of the African locust bean tree - it grows both in the wild and in managed forest environments. Credit: Bioversity International/B. Vinceti
- 13. Mainstreaming Agricultural Biodiversity: Mapping Threats to 16 Food Tree Species (2) Genetic resources Combined threat magnitude levels for all species across all threats and protected areas. Credit: Bioversity International/H. Gaisberger https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0184457.g003 A spatially explicit multi-threat model predicts ALL 16 species mapped are facing serious threats in MOST locations. Climate change is the most serious long-term threat.
- 14. Agrobiodiversity Index Production Diets Genetic resources #ABDIndex https://www.bioversityinternational.org/abd-index/ An actionable index, empowering decision-markers to reduce risk and to transform what we grow, eat and conserve.
- 15. The Three Pillars of the Agrobiodiversity Index Provide Entry Points for Different Players Consumers Food and retail businesses Agribusinesses Farmers Conservation groups Seed businesses Investors Local and national governments