Block diagram of motherboard
- 1. Block Diagram of Motherboard.
- 2. PROCESSOR The processor is simple integrated circuits which perform arithmetic as well as logical operations. It is also referred as a central processing unit, is a brain of computer. The processor is having two main sections control unit and arithmetic and logic unit. Intel, AMD, Cyrix and VIA are the major processor manufacture compnies.
- 3. CO-PROCESSOR A co-processor is used with the main processor to help the main processor in doing mathematical operations. The primary advantage of using this processor is to increase the execution speed of the processor. It is also known as the math processor, numeric co- processor or numeric processor unit. In the newer processor the co-processor is built in the main processor chip.
- 4. CLOCK GENERATOR All the logic elements in the computer are design to operate synchronously. This synchronous operation helps the machine keep track of every bit that it can process. These timing signals are generated by clock generator’s logic.
- 5. INTERRUPT CONTROLLER The interrupt are used for pay attention to some critical conditions in computer to processor. Interrupt are generated to capture the microprocessor’s attention and temporarily divert it to a different process. The interrupt controller handles the 8 makable interrupt.
- 6. BUS SYSTEM Bus is nothing but it is set of wires or track on the motherboard. In motherboard from one component to anther component the information passes through the bus. There are different buses in the motherboard but common are data, address and control bus.
- 7. DMA CONTROLLER To speed up the system performance, the main processor is required to be relieved from time consuming jobs like moving of data from one place to other place. The DMA controller handles these tasks separately. DMA controller receives the task from CPU, it performs the all the operations related to data moving and after completion of the operation the DMA inform the CPU that operation has been finished.
- 8. TIMER/COUNTER LOGIC There are three main timers on motherboard. i. Used to interrupt the processor. ii. Used to generate DMA request signal for performing refresh cycles. iii. Used to generate various tones by speakers.
- 9. RAM & ROM The PC memory is a block where any byte of information is directly stored. RAM stores information temporarily and ROM stores permanently. The ROM stores the POST and BIOS information while RAM stores information about the processors.
- 10. PHERIPHERAL INTERFACES The PPI used to connect all peripherals devices. It has a parallel and serial interface to connect the devices.
- 11. EXPANSION SLOTS Expansion slots are long thin connector on motherboard, near the back of the computer, one which one can connect the expansion cards such as display cards, sound cards, network cards, etc.