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Blood cancer webinar 2013
This document discusses blood cancers and their treatment. It begins by defining hematology and hemato-oncology as the study of blood and blood cancers. The main types of blood cancers are described as leukemias, lymphomas, and myelomas. The document outlines the common symptoms, diagnostic tests, and treatment approaches for blood cancers, noting that treatments have improved with fewer side effects and many blood cancers can now be cured. New areas of research are also discussed that may lead to more targeted and effective treatments in the future.
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Blood cancer webinar 2013
- 1. Blood Cancers Dr. FarahJijina Consultant Hematologist & Hemato-oncologist MD Hinduja Hospital, Mahim, Mumbai http://www.hindujahospital.com/dr-farah-jijina/
- 2. Hematology ??? • Thescience encompassing the medical study of the blood and blood-producing organs • Diseases of the blood
- 3. Hemato + Oncology– Blood Cancers Cancers : Leukemias Lymphomas Plasma cell dyscrasias Myelomas Benign hematology Disorders of: Red cells White bld cells Platelets Coagulation
- 4. Hemato-oncology – BloodCancers Leukemias •Acute leukemias •Chronic leukemias Lymphomas •Non hodgkin’s lymphoma •Hodgkin’s lymphoma Myelomas
- 5. NO !!! Everyblood cancer is different • How the patient presents is different • Treatment is different • Prognosis is different Are all Blood Cancers same ???
- 6. • Very fewcancers have genetic predisposition • Most of the cancers are not hereditary Are Blood Cancers Hereditary ???
- 7. • Cancers arenot contagious at all • Do not affect any family members who comes in contact with patient – Other children – Spouse – Care giver Are Blood Cancers Contagious ???
- 8. Blood Cancers… Leukemias… • Acute –ALL – AML • Chronic – CML – CLL Lymphomas… • Non hodgkin’s lymphoma • Hodgkin’s lymphoma Myelomas…
- 9. Diagnosis - BloodCancers… • May be asymptomatic – NO COMPLAINTS • Diagnosed on “R” health checks
- 10. Acute Leukemia… Short courseof symptoms
- 11. Chronic Leukemia /Lymphomas … Usually longer course of symptoms
- 12. Common Presenting symptoms •Fatigue / tiredness (50%) • Anorexia / no appetite (30-40%) • Weight loss (30-40%) • Fever without evident cause (10%) • Bleeding (5%)
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- 14. Other Common Symptoms •Bone pain • Infections • Enlarged glands • Enlarged liver / spleen • Non-specific cough • Headaches • Night sweats – Weight loss – Anorexia – Lassitude – Night sweats
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- 16. Myeloma • As theyage, people often complain of increasing aches and pains • But …. • Chronic back pain, not responding • Anemia • Renal failure Especially in older persons
- 17. Laboratory Work-up • CBC •Uric Acid level • Routine biochemical tests • Clotting studies (PT, PTT, D-dimer, fibrinogen) • Biopsy of any swelling • X rays / CT Scan / MRI
- 18. Bone Marrow Aspirateand Biopsy Special tests done on the sample
- 20. • ALMOST ALL!! • Some blood cancers one needs to wait and watch; they do not require immediate treatment • They are slow, chronic cancers • Treatment is instituted only when symptoms develop • Regular check up is a must !!! All cancers must be treated IMMEDIATELY !!!
- 21. Treatment – BloodCancers... • Supportive care • Chemotherapy – No of cycles – Phases of chemotherapy • Bone marrow transplantation
- 22. What about theSide Effects ? • Yes, there are side effects – Nausea – Vomiting – Infection – Bleeding • There are better medicines now to control the adverse effects of chemotherapy
- 23. Oh, but Iwill go bald !!! • Yes, you may, depending on the treatment • But the hair ALWAYS COMES BACK !!! • AND BETTER, CURLIER THAN BEFORE !!!
- 25. Immediate Reaction • Doom •Despair • Fear
- 26. • Hope • Determination •Grit • Fighting Spirit
- 27. Many Blood Cancerscan be Cured
- 28. New technologies in thetreatment of cancer !!!
- 29. The Future • Clinicaltrials • New drug treatments • Vaccines • Immunotherapy • Leukemia type-specific therapy • Gene therapy – Block encoding instructions of an oncogene – Target the oncoprotein • Blood and marrow stem cell transplantation – Bone marrow transplantation provides long- term, disease-free survival among patients in remission
- 30. • First aimof any cancer treatment is to achieve cure • Second aim is to make patient lead a normal, socially acceptable and productive life • Any treatment plan deviating from these goals is not state of the art treatment Undergoing cancer treatment means one cannot lead a normal life or work ??
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- 32. Dr. Farah Jijina ConsultantHematologist & Hemato-oncologist Appointment Helpline: 022-39818181/67668181/24451515 VOPS Schedule: Every Thursday, 11:30 am to 12:00 pm Online Appointment: http://www.hindujahospital.com/vops/ For any Queries, please write us on: [email protected] Thank You