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Blood supply and venous drainage of heart
- 1. BLOOD SUPPLY ANDVENOUS DRAINAGE OF HEART Dr. Tanya Rashid Anatomy Dept
- 2. Blood supply tothe heart is also known as Coronary Circulation. It consists of: 1. Arterial supply 2. Venous drainage 3. Lymphatic drainage
- 3. ARTERIAL SUPPLY The heartreceives its blood supply from: -RIGHT CORONARY ARTERY -LEFT CORONARY ARTERY • Two major coronary arteries arise from the aorta near the point where the aorta and the left ventricle meet. • These arteries and their branches supply all parts of the heart muscle with blood.
- 4. RIGHT CORONARYARTERY • Smallerthan the left coronary artery. • Arises from anterior aortic sinus of ascending aorta. • It descends in the right atrioventricular groove and sends branches to the right atrium and ventricle. • It ends by anastomosing with the left coronary artery in the posterior interventricular groove (Posterior Descending Artery)
- 5. BRANCHES OF RCA •SINUATRIALBRANCH: supplies the node and the right and left atria. •THE ATRIAL BRANCHES: supply the anterior and the lateral surfaces of the right atrium •RIGHT CONUS ARTERY: supplies anterior surface of the infundibulum of the right ventricle and the upper part of the anterior wall of right ventricle.
- 6. BRANCHES OF RCA •ANTERIORVENTRICULAR BRANCHES: supply the anterior surface of the right ventricle. •MARGINAL BRANCH: largest branch, and follows the lower margin of the costal surface to reach the apex. •POSTERIOR INTERVENTRICULAR (DESCNEDING ARTERY)PDA: runs towards the apex in posterior interventricular groove and sends branches to right and left ventricles. Gives off Septal branches to interventricular septum.
- 7. LEFT CORONARYARTERY • Largerthan the right coronary artery. • Arises from the left posterior aortic sinus of the ascending aorta. • In the left atrioventricular groove it divides into an anterior interventricular artery (LAD) and a circumflex branch.
- 8. BRANCHES OF LCA •ANTERIOR INTERVENTRICULAR (DESCENDING ARTERY)LAD: runs downwards in the anterior interventricular groove to the apex of the heart. Supplies the right and left ventricles. Gives off septal branches. • LEFT CONUS ARTERY: supplies the pulmonary conus. • CIRCUMFLEX ARTERY: winds around the left margin of the heart in the atrioventricular groove
- 9. BRANCHES OF LCA •LEFT MARGINAL: supplies the left margin of the left ventricle down to the apex. • ANTERIOR VENTRICULAR • POSTERIOR VENTRICULAR • ATRIAL BRANCHES: supply the left atrium. supply the left ventricle
- 10. VARIATIONS IN THEDISTRIBUTION PATTERNS OF CORONARY ARTERIES • Incase of “Right dominance” the posterior interventricular artery is a branch of right coronary artery. Present in 90% population. • Incase of “Left dominance” the posterior interventricular artery is a branch of the left coronary artery. Present in 10% population. • Interventricular Septum: • Anterior 2/3rd supplied by LAD • Posterior 1/3rd supplied by PDA Interventricular septum
- 11. ARTERIAL SUPPLY TO CONDUCTINGSYSTEM • The sinoatrial node is usually supplied by the right coronary artery • The atrioventricular node and the atrioventricular bundle are supplied by the right coronary artery. • The RBB (right bundle branch) of the atrioventricular bundle is supplied by the left coronary artery. • The LBB (left bundle branch) is supplied by the right and left coronary arteries.
- 12. VENOUS DRAINAGE • Mostvenous blood from the heart wall drains into the right atrium through the coronary sinus. • The coronary sinus receives four major tributaries: the great, middle, small and posterior cardiac veins. CORONARY SINUS: • lies in the posterior part of the atrioventricular groove. • It is the continuation of the great cardiac vein.
- 13. • GREAT CARDIACVEIN: The great cardiac vein ascends from the apex of the heart in the anterior interventricular groove, curves to the left side and back of the heart, and empties into the coronary sinus. • MIDDLE CARDIAC VEIN: Middle cardiac vein runs from the apex of the heart in the posterior interventricular groove and empties into the coronary sinus. • SMALL CARDIAC VEIN: The small cardiac vein accompanies the marginal artery along the inferior border of the heart and empties into the coronary sinus. • ANTERIOR CARDIAC VEIN: The anterior cardiac vein drains the anterior surface of the right atrium and the right ventricle. It empties directly into the right atrium.
- 14. CORONARY LYMPHATICS The lymphaticvessels of the heart follow the coronary arteries and drain mainly into: • BRACHIOCEPHALIC NODES: anterior to the brachiocephalic veins • TRACHEOBRONCHIAL NODES: at the inferior end of the trachea.
- 15. CLINICAL CONSIDERATION CORONARY ARTERYDISEASE: ATHEROSCLEROSIS • Caused by the restriction of blood to the myocardium by the narrowing and hardening of the coronary arterial walls. • It results from the buildup of cholesterol and fat deposits called plaques in the coronary arteries. • This process is known as atherosclerosis, partially or completely blocks the flow of blood to the heart. Blockage
- 16. ANGINA PECTORIS A formof heart disease, when there is an inadequate blood flow to a small area of the heart. It occurs on exertion and relives by rest. It can cause a localized pain in the chest and left arm.
- 17. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 1)The blood supply of the interventricular septum is by the: a) Left circumflex artery and right coronary artery b) Acute marginal artery and diagonal artery c) Posterior descending artery and left anterior descending artery d) Posterior descending artery and diagonal artery
- 18. 2) The sinoatrialnode is supplied by the ? a) Left coronary artery b) Right coronary artery c) Conus artery d) Circumflex artery
- 19. 3) Great cardiacvein runs parallel to: a) Left anterior descending artery b) Right coronary artery c) Posterior descending artery d) Obtuse marginal artery
- 20. 4) Coronary sinusdrains into: a) Superior vena cava b) Inferior vena cava c) Left atrium d) Right atrium
- 21.