Blue tooth by k pant
- 1. BLUETOOTHBLUETOOTH TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGY PRESENTED BY :- KAUSHAL PANT{BSc (JNU),BA(PUB ADM) (IGNOU)}
- 2. AIM TO ACQUAINT ABOUT BLUETOOTH TECHNOLOGY.
- 3. PREVIEW • PHASE –I INTRODUCTION AND HISTORY • PHASE- II WORKING OF BLUETOOTH NETWORK BWT TOPOLOGIES & CLASSES BWT PROTOCOLS • PHASE- III BWT SECURITY AND MITIGATIONS ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES APPLICATIONS HEALTH CONCERNS FUTURE TRENDS AND MIL APPLICATIONS
- 4. PHASE –I
- 5. INTRODUCTION
- 6. INTRODUCTION • SHORT RANGE LOW POWER WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY • INTER CONNECTIONS WITH OTHER PERIPHERALS. • EXCHANGE DATA OVER SHORT DISTANCES. • EASY CONNECTION BETWEEN DEVICES • WIRELESS ALTERNATIVE TO RS-232 DATA CABLES. • MECHANISM TO FORM SHORT AD-HOC NETWORK.
- 7. HISTORY • 1994: ERICSSON CAME UP WITH A CONCEPT OF “MULTI –COMMUNICATOR LINK”. • RENAMING TO BLUETOOTH IN NAME OF HARALD “BLÅTAND” GORMSEN OR HARALD BLUETOOTH, • 1998 : FOUNDATION OF BLUETOOTH SIG. • 2001 : FIRST CONSUMER PRODUCTS VERSION 1.1 RELEASED. • 2003 - SIG ANNOUNCED VERSION 2.1. • 2004 - BLUETOOTH VERSION 2.0 + EDR (ENHANCED DATA RATE) INTRODUCED.
- 8. HISTORY • 2007 - BLUETOOTH VERSION 2.1 + EDR ADOPTED BY BLUETOOTH SIG. • 2009 - BLUETOOTH VERSION 3.0 + HS (HIGH SPEED) ADOPTED BY BLUETOOTH SIG. • 2010 - BLUETOOTH CORE SPECIFICATION VERSION 4.0 (CALLED BLUETOOTH SMART) •2013 - BLUETOOTH V4.1 •DECEMBER 2, 2014 - BLUETOOTH V4.2
- 9. PHASE –II
- 11. TECHNOLOGY REVIEW • A BLUETOOTH CHIP COMBINES A TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER, AS SMALLER AS 9 MM X 9 MM AND AN ANTENNA. • UNLICENSED INDUSTRIAL, SCIENTIFIC AND MEDICAL (ISM). • FREQUENCIES BETWEEN 2400 AND 2483.5 MHZ (INCLUDING GUARD BANDS 2 MHZ (BOTTOM) AND 3.5 MHZ (TOP).79 CHANNELS BANDWIDTH OF 1 MHZ. • BLUETOOTH USES FREQUENCY-HOPPING SPREAD SPECTRUM (FHSS). • 1600 HOPS /SEC, WITH ADAPTIVE FREQUENCY- HOPPING (AFH).
- 13. BLUETOOTH TOPOLOGIES • PICONETS AND SCATTERNET FORMATION. • A MASTER BLUETOOTH DEVICE CAN COMMUNICATE WITH A MAXIMUM OF SEVEN DEVICES IN A PICONET . • MASTER-UNIT ESTABLISHES A FREQUENCY- HOPPING SCHEME. • ROLE SWITCHING, BY AGREEMENT. • ROUND-ROBIN FASHION FOR DATA TRANSFER IN PACKETS.
- 14. BLUETOOTH CONNECTIONS TWO TYPES OF DATA EXCHANGE “MODE” :- • ASYNCHRONOUS CONNECTION-ORIENTED LOGICAL TRANSPORT (ACL) - USED FOR DATA CONNECTIONS • SYNCHRONOUS CONNECTION-ORIENTED LINK (SCO), ENHANCED SCO (ESCO) – USED FOR VOICE DATA
- 15. CLASSES OF BLUETOOTH BLUETOOTH DEVICES ARE CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO THREE DIFFERENT POWER CLASSES, AS SHOWN IN THE FOLLOWING TABLE. CLASS MAX PERMITTED POWER(MW) RANGE(APPROX) IN MTRS Class 1 100 100 Class 2 2.5 50 Class 3 1 10
- 18. Application Framework and Support Link Manager and L2CAP Radio & BasebandRF Baseband Audio Link Manager L2CAP TCP/IP DATA CONTROL BLUETOOTH PROTOCOLS HID RFCOMM Applications Host Controller Interface
- 19. PHASE –III
- 21. BLUETOOTH SECURITY • SUSCEPTIBLE TO SPYING AND REMOTE ACCESS. • INTERFERENCE AND EAVESDROPPING • SAFER TRANSMISSION OF DATA. • INFORMATION INTEGRITY. • DENIAL OF SERVICE, UNINTENDED CONTROL AND ACCESS OF DATA AND VOICE CHANNELS. • UNAUTHORIZED DEVICE CONTROL AND DATA ACCESS.
- 22. 1. SAFER TRANSMISSION OF DATA a) AUTHENTICATION b) AUTHORIZATION c) ENCRYPTION THREE MODES :- a) MODE 1 - NO SECURITY b) MODE 2 - SERVICE LEVEL SECURITY c) MODE 3 – LINK LEVEL SECURITY(PAIRING BLUETOOTH SECURITY
- 23. • DEVICES ARE MANUFACTURED WITH A UNIQUE 48-BIT IDENTIFIER KNOWN AS THE BLUETOOTH DEVICE ADDRESS (BD_ADDR). • PUBLICALLY KNOWN AND CAN BE OBTAINED VIA AN INQUIRY ROUTINE PERFORMED BY ANY BLUETOOTH DEVICE. • THE BD_ADDR OF THE MASTER DEVICE IS USED TO DERIVE THE DEVICE ACCESS CODE (DAC) AND THE CHANNEL ACCESS CODE (CAC), WHICH ARE TRANSMITTED IN CLEAR-TEXT. BLUETOOTH SECURITY
- 24. ERROR CORRECTION 2. ERROR CORRECTION TYPES:- a) FORWARD ERROR CORRECTION (FEC) - REDUCES NO OF RE-TRANSMISSIONS. b) AUTOMATIC REPEAT REQUEST (ARQ) - CORRECTS THE CORRUPTED TRANSMITTED DATA BLOCK. 3. FREQUENCY HOPPING TO AVOID INTERFERENCE
- 25. ERROR CORRECTION
- 26. MITIGATIONS •ENABLE BLUETOOTH ONLY WHEN REQUIRED. •ENABLE BLUETOOTH DISCOVERY ONLY WHEN NECESSARY, AND DISABLE DISCOVERY WHEN FINISHED. •DO NOT ENTER LINK KEYS OR PINS WHEN UNEXPECTEDLY PROMPTED TO DO SO. •REMOVE PAIRED DEVICES WHEN NOT IN USE. •REGULARLY UPDATE FIRMWARE ON BLUETOOTH- ENABLED DEVICES.
- 27. BLUETOOTH TECHNOLOGY Advantages and Disadvantages
- 28. ADVANTAGES • ELIMINATES WIRES • FACILITATES DATA AND VOICE COMMUNICATION • OFFERS FORMATION OF AD HOC NETWORKS • STANDARDIZED PROTOCOL • FREE OF CHARGE • EASY TO USE • LOW POWER CONSUMES BATTERY LESS • STATIONARY AND MOBILE ENVIRONMENTS
- 29. DISADVANTAGES • RELATIVELY SHORT RANGE. • LESS SECURE. • INTERFERENCE WITH OTHER DEVICES. • MEDIOCRE DATA RATES. • BLUETOOTH INTERNET CONNECTION GETS SLOW SOMETIMES.
- 30. HEALTH CONCERNS
- 31. HEALTH CONCERNS • BLUETOOTH USES 2.4 GHZ TO 2.480 GHZ. • SAME FREQUENCY RANGE AS MICROWAVE OVENS. • EMITTED RF ENERGY IS ABSORBED BY THE BODY. • PENETRATION DEPTH IS ABOUT 1.5 CM AT 2450 MHZ. • ABSORPTION IS VERY SUPERFICIAL.
- 33. FUTURE OF BLUETOOTH GENERIC NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEM (GNSS) • CREATE A WIRELESS SERIAL LINK SO A DEVICE CAN SHARE ITS GPS POSITION DATA USING. AUDIO STREAMING • ADVANCED AUDIO DISTRIBUTION • AUDIO VIDEO REMOTE CONTROL • BROWSE YOUR MP3 PLAYER’S MUSIC AND PLAYLISTS DIRECTLY FROM YOUR CAR USER INTERFACE.
- 34. RECENT TRADITION TELEPHONY • HANDS FREE PROFILE GENERIC OBJECT EXCHANGE • BETTER QUALITY OF SERVICE. • SERVICE MULTIPLEXING IS NOW ENTIRELY DONE BY L2CAP. • BETTER THROUGHPUT.
- 35. FUTURE OF BLUETOOTH Bluetooth has a good future ahead because it meets a basic need of connectivity. Currently a protocol is being researched that would support large adhoc networks. Latest version of Bluetooth are improving both its security and capabilities. Ultra wide band has been chosen by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group as the future of Bluetooth Technology. New versions of Bluetooth technology will meet the high-speed and large range. Many companies are designing impressive Bluetooth applications in demand.
- 36. MILITARY APPLICATIONS IN MILITARY BLUETOOTH TECHNOLOGY CAN BE USED IN VARIOUS FIELDS AS:- A) COMMUNICATION B) SECURITY C) IDENTIFICATION D) TRAINING E) TARGET EVALUATION F) GPS
- 37. GENERIC NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEM (GNSS)
- 38. PHASE –IV
- 39. CONCLUSION • A NEW GLOBAL STANDARD FOR DATA AND VOICE -ENABLED DEVICES WHICH OPERATE IN THE UNRESTRICTED 2.4-GHZ ISM BAND. • ELIMINATING CABLES. • LOW POWER, COST NETWORK DEVICES. • BLUETOOTH HAS A BRIGHT FUTURE FOR WIDE USE. • FURTHER IMPROVEMENTS ARE PLANNED TO BE MADE IN – DATA RATES – POWER REDUCTION – RANGE
- 41. ULTRA WIDE BAND • UWB OR AS DIGITAL PULSE WIRELESS IS A WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY • TRANSMITS LARGE AMOUNTS OF DIGITAL DATA OVER A WIDE SPECTRUM OF FREQUENCY BANDS WITH VERY LOW POWER FOR A SHORT DISTANCE. • CAN CARRY A HUGE AMOUNT OF DATA OVER A DISTANCE UP TO 230 FEET AT VERY LOW POWER (LESS THAN 0.5 MILL WATTS). • ABILITY TO CARRY SIGNALS THROUGH DOORS AND OTHER OBSTACLES
Editor's Notes
- #6: First we move towards the introduction
- #7: RS232 data cables
- #16: FHSS Chops up the data being sent and transmits chunks of it on up to 79 frequencies. 1600 hops/sec- time slot is defined as 625 microseconds Packet 1-5 time slots long FHSS is used to minimize the risk of such interference with systems operating on this Band such as microwave ovens, baby monitors and 802.11 wireless networks. GFSK When we jump from (1,-1 or -1,1), mod waveform changes rapidly, introducing large out of bound spectrum.(no overshoot to a step function input ) Uses Gaussian filter (uses G.Function) to limit its spectral width. GFSK = Baseband pulses(-1,1) gaussian filter FSK modulator FSK = Baseband pulses(-1,1) FSK modulator 1Mb/s with overhead, this effectively becomes 721 kbps. SIG 5 companies joined to form the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) in 1998. First specification released in July 1999
- #17: First we move towards the introduction
- #21: FHSS Chops up the data being sent and transmits chunks of it on up to 79 frequencies. 1600 hops/sec- time slot is defined as 625 microseconds Packet 1-5 time slots long FHSS is used to minimize the risk of such interference with systems operating on this Band such as microwave ovens, baby monitors and 802.11 wireless networks. GFSK When we jump from (1,-1 or -1,1), mod waveform changes rapidly, introducing large out of bound spectrum.(no overshoot to a step function input ) Uses Gaussian filter (uses G.Function) to limit its spectral width. GFSK = Baseband pulses(-1,1) gaussian filter FSK modulator FSK = Baseband pulses(-1,1) FSK modulator 1Mb/s with overhead, this effectively becomes 721 kbps. SIG 5 companies joined to form the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) in 1998. First specification released in July 1999
- #22: The slaves in a piconet can only have links to the master. Slaves cannot directly transmit data to one another
- #24: Devices that participate in two or more piconets may act as gateways, forwarding traffic from one piconet to another Bluetooth units can only transmit and receive data in one piconet at a time. As devices in mulltiple piconets divide their time between the piconets, spending some time slots in one and some time slots in another on TDM basis. Devices give notification of inactivation to master that it will be inactive for a predetermined length of time. The device will then have to re-synchronize its clock with its other master. When a slave becomes inactive in a piconet, communications between masters and the other active slaves go on as normal. On the other hand, when a master becomes inactive in its piconet, the slaves will have to wait for it to be active again before communication can resume.
- #28: FHSS Chops up the data being sent and transmits chunks of it on up to 79 frequencies. 1600 hops/sec- time slot is defined as 625 microseconds Packet 1-5 time slots long FHSS is used to minimize the risk of such interference with systems operating on this Band such as microwave ovens, baby monitors and 802.11 wireless networks. GFSK When we jump from (1,-1 or -1,1), mod waveform changes rapidly, introducing large out of bound spectrum.(no overshoot to a step function input ) Uses Gaussian filter (uses G.Function) to limit its spectral width. GFSK = Baseband pulses(-1,1) gaussian filter FSK modulator FSK = Baseband pulses(-1,1) FSK modulator 1Mb/s with overhead, this effectively becomes 721 kbps. SIG 5 companies joined to form the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) in 1998. First specification released in July 1999
- #29: Most powerful devices Infrared IrDA (WPAN) : synchronization, link between a phone and a laptop… – Less flexible than Bluetooth, need of a line of site – Comparable data rate Wi-Fi (WLAN) : Wireless LAN access – Far higher bandwidth and data rate than Bluetooth – Higher power consumption than Bluetooth – Requires infrastructure investment
- #33: The radio layer describes the physical characteristics a Bluetooth device’s receiver-transmitter component must have. These include modulation characteristics, radio frequency tolerance, and sensitivity level.
- #34: See ACL links
- #35: See ACL links OBEX The Object Exchange Protocol (OBEX) is a specification for object data exchange over infrared (IR) links. Examples for using OBEX include exchanging business cards and synchronizing calendar applications.
- #36: See ACL links OBEX The Object Exchange Protocol (OBEX) is a specification for object data exchange over infrared (IR) links. Examples for using OBEX include exchanging business cards and synchronizing calendar applications.
- #38: First we move towards the introduction
- #39: Interference with other devices that use the same frequency such as baby monitors, microwave over etc. FHSS is used to avoid it.
- #47: Interference with other devices that use the same frequency such as baby monitors, microwave over etc. FHSS is used to avoid it.
- #49: Interference with other devices that use the same frequency such as baby monitors, microwave over etc. FHSS is used to avoid it.
- #51: Standardized protocol supports interoperability of devices of different types.
- #52: Standardized protocol supports interoperability of devices of different types.
- #54: Standardized protocol supports interoperability of devices of different types.
- #58: Many companies are designing and researching impressive bluetooth applications in demand so this shows it has a bright future and it would be difficult for other technology to overcome.
- #59: Many companies are designing and researching impressive bluetooth applications in demand so this shows it has a bright future and it would be difficult for other technology to overcome.