Boosting performance with the Dell Acceleration Appliance for Databases

MAY 2015
A PRINCIPLED TECHNOLOGIES TEST REPORT
Commissioned by Dell Inc.
BOOSTING PERFORMANCE WITH THE DELL ACCELERATION APPLIANCE
FOR DATABASES
Anything you can do to help your customers place an order or access the
information they’re looking for more quickly improves your business. Just because you
have powerful database servers doesn’t mean you should overlook other ways to
support expanding user counts as your business grows.
The new highly available Dell Acceleration Appliance for Databases (DAAD) 2.0 is
a standalone appliance built on Intel Xeon processors E5-2667 v3 that is easily
integrated into existing infrastructure. By eliminating OLTP database performance
bottlenecks with this storage appliance, you can avoid the costly process of replacing
sprawling legacy storage or revamping your entire infrastructure. A highly available
DAAD 2.0 solution pairs two servers for redundancy to reduce the possibility of costly
downtime.
In the Principled Technologies datacenter, we set up an Oracle Database 12c
environment on a Dell PowerEdge R720 server paired with a traditional external storage
array. We found that adding a highly available DAAD 2.0 solution yielded 3.01 times the
database performance. Replacing traditional storage completely with the DAAD solution
yielded 3.14 times the performance, so it can also help you reclaim precious datacenter
space that traditional storage takes up. If you need your servers to support an
expanding user count, our tests show that the Dell Acceleration Appliance for Databases
solution can give your important databases a significant boost.

A Principled Technologies test report 2Boosting performance with the Dell Acceleration Appliance
for Databases
HOW IT WORKS
The Dell Acceleration Appliance for Databases 2.0 is a pre-integrated
server/software combination consisting of one or two Dell PowerEdge R730 servers with
Intel Xeon processors E5-2667 v3 , DAAD ION ION Accelerator® software, and Fusion
SX300 ioMemory® drives, which are high-capacity NAND Flash PCIe® SSDs. Available in
12.8TB and 25.6TB capacities, DAAD 2.0 supports Fibre Channel, iSCSI, and
Infiniband/SRP front-end fabrics. Designed to work with many database platforms and
front-end servers, DAAD makes appliance resources available to the application server
and uses I/O acceleration to optimize database requests, leveraging DRAM to improve
performance. Boosting database performance with DAAD can help you work within your
existing infrastructure, so you don’t have to purchase more disk or compute resources,
incur additional database licensing costs, or take up vast amounts of extra datacenter
space. To learn more about the Dell Acceleration Appliance for Databases, visit
en.community.dell.com/techcenter/enterprise-
solutions/m/oracle_db_gallery/20441362/download.
In this study we configured two 25.6TB DAAD appliance nodes as an HA cluster
pair. For information about the DAAD and our other test components, see Appendix A.
For detailed system configuration, see Appendix B. For step-by-step testing details, see
Appendix C.
WHAT WE FOUND
About the results
In our tests, we found that the highly available Dell Acceleration Appliances for
Databases solution worked as advertised: Adding the DAAD to our traditional storage
environment increased our Oracle Database 12c performance by 3.01 times, and
replacing the traditional storage solution with the DAAD increased performance by 3.14
times (see Figure 1).

for Databases
Figure 1: The highly available
Dell Acceleration Appliance for
Databases solution delivered
up to 3.14 times the database
performance of an
environment using traditional
storage.
While the Dell PowerEdge R720 with Intel Xeon processors E5-2650 v2
performed admirably with a traditional storage appliance, adding a highly available
DAAD to the existing environment provided a significant performance boost, and
replacing the traditional storage with the DAAD also yielded big performance
advantages. By using a high availability DAAD to improve database performance, you
can avoid having to make major changes to your database infrastructure as your user
demands increase with your growing business.
The ability of the DAAD solution to maintain high availability through redundant
pairs works to ensure that your databases keep going, even if a piece of hardware fails.
This is critical to a successful database infrastructure, because any downtime where
your hardware isn’t working can be very costly as business stops.
CONCLUSION
If your business is expanding and you need to support more users accessing
your databases, it’s time to act. Upgrading your database infrastructure with a flash
storage-based solution is a smart way to improve performance without adding more
servers or taking up very much rack space, which comes at a premium. The Dell
Acceleration Appliance for Databases addresses this by providing strong performance
when combined with your existing infrastructure or on its own.
We found that adding a highly available DAAD solution to our database
application provided up to 3.01 times the Oracle Database 12c performance, which can
make a big difference to your bottom line. Additionally, the DAAD delivered 3.14 times
the database performance when replacing traditional storage completely, which could
enable your infrastructure to keep up with your growing business’ needs.

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APPENDIX A – ABOUT THE COMPONENTS
About the Dell Acceleration Appliance for Databases 2.0 hardware
The 2U Dell PowerEdge R730 rack servers used in the highly available DAAD configuration are each powered by
two Intel Xeon processors E5-2667 v3, 384 GB of DDR4 RAM, and QLogic QLE2662 16Gb Fibre Channel HBAs, providing
functional flexibility in the datacenter. The Dell PowerEdge R730 rack servers are each powered by four 6400 GB SanDisk
SX300 ioMemory PCIe SSDs to reduce storage bottlenecks.
With redundant power supply units, hot-swappable hardware, and Dual SDTM card for Failsafe Hypervisors, the
Dell PowerEdge R730 supports hardware high availability. The PowerEdge R730 comes standard with iDRAC8 with
Lifecycle Controller and Dell OpenManage, which all work to streamline management. For more details on the Dell
PowerEdge R730, visit http://www.dell.com/us/business/p/poweredge-r730/pd. For more details on the Intel Xeon
processor E5-2600 v3 series, visit www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/product-briefs/xeon-e5-
brief.pdf.
About the benchmark we used - HammerDB
HammerDB is an open-source benchmark tool that tests the database performance of many databases,
including Oracle Database, Microsoft® SQL Server®, PostgreSQL®, MySQL™, and more. The benchmark includes built-in
workloads derived from industry-standard benchmarks, such as a transactional (TPC-C-derived) workload and a data
warehouse (TPC-H-derived) workload. For this study, we used the transactional workload. The TPC-C HammerDB
workload is derived from TPC-C and as such is not comparable to published TPC-C results. For more information, visit
www.hammerora.sourceforge.net.

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APPENDIX B – SYSTEM CONFIGURATION INFORMATION
Figure 2 provides detailed configuration information for the test systems.
System Dell PowerEdge R720
Databases 2.0
Power supplies
Total number 1 2 (HA pair)
Vendor and model number Dell 05NF18X02 Dell 0G6W6KX02
Wattage of each (W) 750 750
General
Number of processor packages 2 2
Number of cores per processor 8 8
Number of hardware threads per
core
2 2
System power management policy Performance Performance
CPU
Vendor Intel Intel
Name Xeon Xeon
Model number E5-2650 v2 E5-2667 v3
Socket type LGA 2011 FCLGA2011-3
Core frequency (GHz) 2.6 3.2
Bus frequency 7.2 GT/s 9.6 GT/s
L1 cache 32 + 32 KB (per core) 32 + 32 KB (per core)
L2 cache 256 KB (per core) 256 KB (per core)
L3 cache 20 MB 20 MB
Platform
Vendor and model number Dell PowerEdge R720 Dell PowerEdge R730
Motherboard model number 0M1GCR 0599V5
BIOS name and version 2.4.3 1.1.4
BIOS settings Defaults Defaults
Memory module(s)
Total RAM in system (GB) 128 384
Vendor and model number Hynix HMT31GR7BFR4A-H9 Hynix HMA42GR7MFR4N-TFT1
Type PC3-10600 PC4-17000
Speed (MHz) 1,333 2,133
Speed running in the system (MHz) 1,333 2,133
Size (GB) 8 16
Number of RAM module(s) 16 24
Chip organization Double-sided Double-sided
Rank 2Rx4 2Rx4
Operating system
Name Red Hat® Enterprise Linux® DAAD ION Accelerator
Build number 6.6 2.5.1-413

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System Dell PowerEdge R720
Databases 2.0
File system ext4 btrfs
Kernel 2.6.32-504.el6.x86_64
3.0.101-0.15.1.6651.0.PTF-default
(x86_64)
Language English English
RAID controller
Vendor and model number Dell PERC H710P Mini Dell PERC H730P Mini
Firmware version 21.3.0-0009 25.2.1.0037
Cache size (GB) 1 2
RAID configuration 1 × RAID50 1 × RAID 1
Hard disk types
Hard disks (OS)
Vendor and model number Dell ST9146852SS Dell ST300MM0006
Number of disks 16 2
Size (GB) 146 300
RPM 15K 10K
Type SAS SAS
PCI-e SSDs
Vendor and model number N/A Fusion ioMemory SX300
Number of disks N/A 4
Size (GB) N/A 6400
Type N/A PCI-e
Ethernet adapters
Vendor and model number
Intel I350 Quad-port 1Gb Daughter
card
Broadcom® NetXtreme® BCM5720
Quad-port 1 GbE
Firmware 14.5.9 7.10.18
Type rNDC rNDC
Fibre Channel adapters
Vendor and model number
QLogic® QLE2672 16Gb Fibre Channel
Adapter
QLogic QLE2672 16Gb Fibre Channel
adapter
Firmware 03.11.09 03.11.09
Type PCI-e PCI-e
USB ports
Number 4 4
Type USB 2.0 USB 2.0
Figure 2: System configuration information for the test systems.

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APPENDIX C – CONFIGURING THE ORACLE DATABASE INFRASTRUCTURE
Configuration and test details
Traditional solution
For the traditional storage setup, we configured a Dell PowerEdge R720 server
with Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.6. We then configured a standalone Oracle Database
12c Enterprise Edition installation with a 5,000-warehouse database leveraging Oracle
Automatic Storage Management, storing our data, logs, and backups on LUNs created
on the traditional storage appliance. For our storage area network (SAN), we attached
the R720’s Fibre Channel HBA as well as the traditional solution’s Fibre Channel HBAs to
a Brocade SW6505 Fibre Channel switch. See Figure 3 for the layout of this
configuration.
Figure 3: The traditional storage configuration we tested.
Combined DAAD/traditional storage solution
One of the benefits of the DAAD solution is being able to add it to your existing
database infrastructure. We combined the highly available DAAD with our traditional
storage solution, putting them into the same Fibre Channel SAN. We moved our backup
and data LUNs to the DAADs, and the logs LUNs to the traditional storage for this
configuration. See Figure 4 for the layout of this configuration.

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Figure 4: The combined traditional storage/highly available DAAD configuration we tested.
Dell Acceleration Appliance for Databases solution
For the Dell Acceleration Appliance for Databases solution, we replaced the
traditional storage appliance with a highly available DAAD, storing our data, logs, and
backups on LUNs created on the DAADs. We then attached the DAAD’s 16Gb Fibre
Channel HBAs to our infrastructure’s Brocade Fibre Channel switch. See Figure 5 for the
layout of this configuration.
Figure 5: The highly available DAAD configuration we tested.

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Setting up storage on the DAAD
1. In a terminal, ssh into one of the DAAD nodes with the admin credentials.
2. Enter the following commands to create mirrored volumes across the DAAD nodes, an initiator group, and then 8
LUNs to be presented to the database server:
profile:create direct
volume:create -n ion01 -n ion02 fcion_v_a1 50% jbod_pool-1
volume:create -n ion02 -n ion01 fcion_v_a2 100% jbod_pool-1
volume:create -n ion01 -n ion02 fcion_v_b1 50% jbod_pool-2
volume:create -n ion02 -n ion01 fcion_v_b2 100% jbod_pool-2
volume:create -n ion01 -n ion02 fcion_v_c1 50% jbod_pool-3
volume:create -n ion02 -n ion01 fcion_v_c2 100% jbod_pool-3
volume:create -n ion01 -n ion02 fcion_v_d1 50% jbod_pool-4
volume:create -n ion02 -n ion01 fcion_v_d2 100% jbod_pool-4
inigroup:create ig_all 20:01:00:0e:1e:09:d6:1c 20:01:00:0e:1e:09:d6:1d
lun:create fcion_v_a1 ig_all -b 512 –a
lun:create fcion_v_a2 ig_all -b 512 -a
lun:create fcion_v_b1 ig_all -b 512 -a
lun:create fcion_v_b2 ig_all -b 512 -a
lun:create fcion_v_c1 ig_all -b 512 -a
lun:create fcion_v_c2 ig_all -b 512 -a
lun:create fcion_v_d1 ig_all -b 512 –a
lun:create fcion_v_d2 ig_all -b 512 -a
Setting up storage on the traditional storage solution
We created four 300GB data LUNs, four 100GB logs LUNs, and two 1,000GB backup LUNs, and configured them
for use over Fibre Channel.
Configuring Red Hat Enterprise Linux and Oracle Database 12c
We installed Red Hat Enterprise Linux on the Dell PowerEdge R720 server and configured settings as we specify
below.
Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux
1. Insert the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.6 DVD into the server, and boot to it.
2. Select Install or upgrade an existing system.
3. If you are unsure of the fidelity of your installation disk, select OK to test the installation media; otherwise, select
Skip.
4. In the opening splash screen, select Next.
5. Choose the language you wish to use, and click Next.
6. Select the keyboard layout, and click Next.
7. Select Basic Storage Devices, and click Next.
8. Click Yes, discard any data at the Storage Device Warning.
9. Insert your hostname, and click Next.
10. Select the nearest city in your time zone, and click Next.
11. Enter your root password, and click Next.

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12. Select Create Custom Layout, and click Next.
13. Select the install drive and click Create. (Create the following volumes and size: Root = 300GB, Home = 500GB, Boot
= 200MB, SWAP = 20GB)
14. Click Next.
15. Click Write changes to disk.
16. Select the appropriate Data Store Devices and select where the Bootloader will go, and click Next.
17. Select Software Basic Server, and click Next. Linux installation begins.
18. When the installation completes, select Reboot to restart the server.
Performing initial configuration tasks
Complete the following steps to provide the base functionality that Oracle Database requires. We performed all
of these tasks as root.
1. Disable SELINUX.
vi /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled
2. Set CPU Governor type.
vi /etc/sysconfig/cpuspeed
GOVERNOR=performance
3. Disable the firewall for IPv4 and IPv6.
chkconfig iptables off
chkconfig ip6tables off
4. To update the operating system packages, type the following:
yum update -y
5. To install additional packages, type the following commands:
yum install -y acpid cpuspeed wget vim nfs-utils openssh-clients man
lsscsi unzip smartmontools numactl ipmitool OpenIPMI
6. Reboot the server.
reboot
7. Install additional packages with the following commands:
yum install -y
binutils
compat-libcap1
compat-libstdc++-33
compat-libstdc++-33.i686
device-mapper-multipath
gcc
gcc-c++
glibc
glibc.i686
glibc-devel
glibc-devel.i686
ksh

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libgcc
libgcc.i686
libstdc++
libstdc++.i686
libstdc++-devel
libstdc++-devel.i686
libaio
libaio.i686
libaio-devel
libaio-devel.i686
libXext
libXext.i686
libXtst
libXtst.i686
libX11
libX11.i686
libXau
libXau.i686
libxcb
libxcb.i686
libXi
libXi.i686
make
sysstat
unixODBC
unixODBC-devel
xorg-x11-xauth
xorg-x11-utils
8. Edit the sysctl file.
vim /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 1073741824
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
vm.nr_hugepages = 52248
vm.hugetlb_shm_group = 54321

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9. Apply the changes with the following command:
sysctl -p
10. Edit the security limits configuration.
vim /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft stack 10240
oracle hard stack 32768
grid - nofile 65536
grid - nproc 16384
grid - stack 32768
oracle soft memlock 536870912
oracle hard memlock 536870912
11. Add the necessary groups and users.
groupadd -g 1001 oinstall
groupadd -g 1002 dba
groupadd -g 1003 asmadmin
groupadd -g 1004 asmdba
useradd -m -u 1002 -g oinstall -G dba,asmadmin,asmdba oracle
useradd -m -u 1003 -g oinstall -G dba,asmadmin,asmdba grid
12. Add the following lines to the .bash_profile file for the oracle user:
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=hostname
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=ORCL
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export GRID_HOME=/u01/app/12.1.0/grid
export DB_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_HOME=$DB_HOME
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export BASE_PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$BASE_PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
13. Add the following lines to the .bash_profile file for the grid user:
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=hostname
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid
export GRID_HOME=/u01/app/12.1.0/grid
export ORACLE_HOME=$GRID_HOME
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1

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export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export BASE_PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$BASE_PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
14. Create the following directories, and assign the following permissions.
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
mkdir /u01/app/grid
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app
chmod -R g+w /u01/app
15. Create passwords for the oracle and grid accounts with passwd.
16. Edit the hosts file.
vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 R720 R720.localhost.localdomain localhost
localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 R720 R720.localhost.localdomain localhost
localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
17. Edit the /etc/fstab file.
vim /etc/fstab
Adding this line:
tmpf /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=89G 0 0
18. Edit the 90-nproc.conf file.
vim /etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf
Modifying this line:
* soft nproc 1024
To reflect this change:
* - nproc 16384
19. Download ION Tuner from Fusion-Io and install with rpm -i iontuner_1.1.0_1.el6.noarch.rpm.
This is available to download from www.fusionio.com/files/ion-optimization-scripts.
20. Edit the /boot/grub/menu.lst file:
vim /boot/grub/menu.lst
Append this to the kernel line:
intel_idle.max_cstate=0 processor.max_cstate=0
21. Enable the multipath configuration file and start the multipath daemon:
mpathconf --enable --with_multipathd y
22. For the DAAD configurations, edit /etc/multipath.conf to add the following:
vim /etc/multipath.conf
defaults {
user_friendly_names yes
queue_without_daemon no
}
devices {
device {

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vendor "FUSIONIO"
features " 3 queue_if_no_path pg_init_retries 50"
hardware_handler "1 alua" path_grouping_policy
group_by_prio path_selector "queue-length 0"
failback immediate
path_checker tur
prio alua
fast_io_fail_tmo 15
dev_loss_tmo 60
}
}
23. Perform a Loop Initialization Protocol and rescan the Fibre Channel interconnects with echo "1" >
/sys/class/fc_host/hostX/issue_lip, replacing X with each of the hosts being used on the system.
24. Restart the multipath service with service multipathd restart.
25. Verify that multipath is working with multipath -ll.
26. Create a primary partition with the fdisk utility on each multipath disk with the following:
a. fdisk /dev/mapper/mpathX, where X is the identifier of the disk in question.
b. n
c. p
d. 1
e. 1
f. Press Enter.
g. w
27. Reboot the server to make the kernel use the new table.
28. Edit the scsi_id file.
echo "options=-g" > /etc/scsi_id.config
Providing LUNs to ASM
We used the steps below to configure the multipathed storage LUNs prior to setting up ASM.
1. Edit the 99-oracle-asmdevices rules file.
vim /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules
KERNEL=="dm-*", ENV{DM_UUID}=="mpath-26230373534643030",
SYMLINK+="oracleasm/DAADdata1", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="dba", MODE="0660"
SYMLINK+="oracleasm/DAADlogs1", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="dba", MODE="0660"
SYMLINK+="oracleasm/DAADlogs2", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="dba", MODE="0660"

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SYMLINK+="oracleasm/TRADITIONALdata1", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="dba", MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="dm-*", ENV{DM_UUID}=="mpath-360a980004431455a345d4733696e6939",
SYMLINK+="oracleasm/TRADITIONALlogs1", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="dba", MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="dm-*", ENV{DM_UUID}=="mpath-360a980004431455a345d4733696e694b",
KERNEL=="dm-*", ENV{DM_UUID}=="mpath-360a980004431455a345d4733696e694d",
SYMLINK+="oracleasm/TRADITIONALbackup1", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="dba",
MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="dm-*", ENV{DM_UUID}=="mpath-360a980004431455a345d4733696e694f",
SYMLINK+="oracleasm/TRADITIONALbackup2", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="dba",
MODE="0660"
2. Execute udevadm and start udev.
udevadm control --reload-rules
start_udev
3. List the ASM devices.
ls -l /dev/oracleasm/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 8 Mar 20 11:29 DAADdata1 -> ../dm-17
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 8 Mar 20 11:29 DAADlogs1 -> ../dm-15
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 8 Mar 20 11:29 DAADlogs2 -> ../dm-16
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 8 Mar 20 11:29 TRADITIONALbackup1 -> ../dm-10
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 8 Mar 20 11:29 TRADITIONALbackup2 -> ../dm-11
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Mar 20 11:29 TRADITIONALdata1 -> ../dm-3
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Mar 20 11:29 TRADITIONALlogs1 -> ../dm-7
Installing Oracle Grid Infrastructure for Standalone Server 12c
Prior to starting the steps below, we downloaded the Oracle 12c Grid installation and extracted it to the /grid
directory.

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1. Run the GUI installer for Oracle Database using the following commands:
ssh –Y grid@R720_IP_address
cd /grid
./runInstaller
2. Launch the Oracle Grid Infrastructure installation wizard.
3. In Software Updates, select Skip software updates, and click Next.
4. In Installation Options, select Install and Configure Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Standalone Server, and click Next.
5. In Product Languages, select English, and click the right-pointing arrow between the two selection panels to add
English to the Selected languages panel. Click Next.
6. In Create ASM Disk Group, set the Disk group name to DATA.
7. Click Change Discovery Path.
8. Enter /dev/oracleasm for the Disk Discovery Path, and click OK.
9. Check the boxes for the data disks, and Click Next.
a. For the DAAD-only configuration, select only the DAADs’ data disks.
b. For the traditional storage configuration, select only the traditional storage’s data disks.
10. In ASM Password, select Use same passwords for these accounts. Enter and confirm the password, and click Next.
11. In Operating System Groups, set Oracle ASM Administrator Group to asmadmin, and Oracle ASM DBA Group to
asmdba, and click Next.
12. In Installation Location, accept the default locations provided, and click Next.
13. In Create Inventory, accept the defaults, and click Next.
14. In Root Script Execution, check the box for Automatically run configuration scripts.
15. Select Use “root” user credential, and provide the root password. Click Next.
16. In Summary, review the information, and click Install to begin installation.
17. Click Yes to confirm using the privileged user for the installer.
18. In Finish, click Close to exit the installer.
Installing Oracle Database 12c
Prior to starting the steps below, we downloaded the Oracle Database 12c installation and extracted it to the
/database directory.
1. Run the GUI installer for Oracle Database using the following commands:
ssh –Y oracle@R720_IP_address
cd /database
./runInstaller
2. Launch the Oracle Database 12c Release 1 Installer.
3. In Configure Security Updates, uncheck the I wish to receive security updates via My Oracle Support checkbox. Click
Next.
4. Click Yes to confirm no email provided, and continue.
6. In Installation Options, select Install database software only, and click Next.

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7. In Grid Installation Options, select Single instance database installation, and click Next.
8. In Product Languages, select English and click the right-pointing arrow located between the two selection panels to
add English to the Selected languages panel. Click Next.
9. In Database Edition, select Enterprise Edition, and click Next.
10. In Installation Location, accept the default locations provided, and click Next.
11. In Operating System Groups, accept the defaults, and click Next.
13. When prompted, follow the instructions to execute the scripts. Click OK when the scripts have completed.
Creating Oracle ASM disk groups for the database
1. Log into the system as the grid user.
2. Start the ASM configuration assistant, asmca.
3. On the Disk Groups tab, click Create.
4. On the Create Disk Group pop-up screen, enter LOGS for the Disk Group Name.
5. Select External (None) for Redundancy.
6. Select /dev/oracleasm/ for the Disk Path.
7. Select the logs disks.
a. To start with the DAAD-only configuration, select only the DAADs’ logs disks.
b. When switching to another configuration later, launch asmca again, and perform the Drop Disks and Add
Disks operations as necessary to achieve the correct arrangements.
i. For the traditional storage configuration, the DATA disk group should contain the traditional
storage’s data disks, the LOGS disk group should contain the traditional storage’s logs disks, and the
BACKUP disk group should contain the traditional storage’s backup disks.
ii. For the mixed configuration, the DATA disk group should contain the DAAD disks, the LOGS disk
group should contain the traditional storage’s disks, and the BACKUP disk group should still contain
the traditional storage’s backup disks.
iii. For the DAAD-only configuration, the DATA disk group should contain six of the DAAD disks, the
LOGS disk group should contain the other two DAAD disks, and the BACKUP disk group should still
contain the traditional storage’s backup disks.
8. Click OK to create the LOGS disk group, and click OK on the completed-task pop-up screen.
9. Repeat steps 4-8 to create a BACKUP disk group with the remaining BACKUP disks.
10. Click Exit to close the ASM configuration assistant.
Creating the Oracle Database (using DBCA)
1. Log into the system as the oracle user.
2. Launch the Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA).
3. In Database Operations, select Create Database, and click Next.
4. In Creation Mode, select Advanced Mode, and click Next.
5. In Database Template, select the Template for General Purpose or Transaction Processing, and click Next.

for Databases
6. If prompted about continuing without upgrade, click Yes.
7. In Database Identification, type orcl for the Global Database Name.
8. Type orcl for the SID. Click Next.
9. In Management Options, select Configure Enterprise Manager (EM) Database Express. Click Next.
10. In Database Credentials, select Use the Same Administrative Password for All Accounts.
11. Enter and confirm the administrative password, and click Next.
12. In Network Configuration, check the boxes for all listeners, and click Next.
13. In Storage Locations, select ASM for Database Storage Type.
14. Select User Common Location for All Database Files, and type +DATA into the Database Files Location field.
15. Select ASM for Recovery files Storage Type.
16. Specify Fast Recovery Area. Type +BACKUP in the Fast Recovery Area field.
17. Set the Fast Recovery Area size to 1850 GB, and click Next.
18. In Database Options, accept the defaults, and click Next.
19. In Initialization Parameters and under typical settings, set the Memory Size to 40%, and click Next.
20. In Creation Options, select Create Database.
21. Click Next.
22. Review the Summary. To complete the database creation, click Finish.
23. Review the information on the screen, and click Exit.
24. To exit the DBCA, click Close.
Configuring the Oracle Tablespace and redo logs
Alter the tablespace and redo logs as follows:
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE GROUP 4 ( '/tmp/temp1.log' ) SIZE 50M;
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE GROUP 5 ( '/tmp/temp2.log' ) SIZE 50M;
ALTER SYSTEM SWITCH LOGFILE;
ALTER SYSTEM CHECKPOINT;
ALTER DATABASE DROP LOGFILE GROUP 1;
-- DELETE LOGS IN ASM HERE --
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE GROUP 1 ( '+LOGS/ORCL/ONLINELOG/redo01.log' ) SIZE 20G;

for Databases
HOST rm -f /tmp/temp*.log
CREATE BIGFILE TABLESPACE "TPCC"
DATAFILE '+DATA/orcl/tpcc.dbf' SIZE 400G AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 1G
BLOCKSIZE 8K
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE
SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE BIGFILE TABLESPACE "TPCC_OL"
DATAFILE '+DATA/orcl/tpcc_ol.dbf' SIZE 150G AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 1G
BLOCKSIZE 16K
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE
SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE '+DATA/ORCL/DATAFILE/UNDOTBS1.260.873465895' RESIZE
32760M;
Configuring the Oracle pfile
Alter the Oracle pfile as follows:
orcl.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
_enable_NUMA_support=TRUE
_kgl_hot_object_copies=2
_shared_io_pool_size=512m
audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
audit_trail='NONE'
compatible='12.1.0.2.0'
control_files='+DATA/ORCL/CONTROLFILE/current.261.873465981','+BACKUP/ORCL/CONTRO
LFILE/current.256.873465981'#Restore Controlfile
db_16k_cache_size=16g
db_block_size=8192
db_cache_size=64g
db_create_file_dest='+DATA'
db_domain=''
db_name='orcl'
db_recovery_file_dest_size=1850g
db_recovery_file_dest='+BACKUP'
diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
disk_asynch_io=TRUE

for Databases
dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
dml_locks=500
fast_start_mttr_target=300
java_pool_size=4g
job_queue_processes=0
large_pool_size=1g
local_listener='LISTENER_ORCL'
lock_sga=TRUE
log_buffer=536870912#log buffer update
log_checkpoint_interval=0
log_checkpoint_timeout=0
log_checkpoints_to_alert=TRUE
open_cursors=3000
parallel_max_servers=0
pga_aggregate_target=6g
recovery_parallelism=4
remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
resource_manager_plan='FORCE'
shared_pool_size=3g
undo_management='AUTO'
undo_retention=1
undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
use_large_pages='ONLY'
Setting up the HammerDB client
We used a dual-socket server running Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.6 for the HammerDB client. We followed the
installation steps at the beginning of this appendix to install Red Hat Enterprise Linux, and also installed the GUI. We
then installed the HammerDB client software.
Installing HammerDB
Download and install version 2.16 on the Red Hat client. We downloaded HammerDB from the following
location: hammerora.sourceforge.net/download.html. We installed HammerDB according to the installation guide
(hammerora.sourceforge.net/hammerdb_install_guide.pdf).
Installing HammerDB Oracle libraries
Complete the following steps on the application server.
1. Launch the Oracle Client Installer.
2. In Select Installation Type, select Administrator (1.8 GB) as the installation type, and click Next.
4. In Select Product Languages, select English and click the right-pointing arrow located between the two selection
panels to add English to the Selected languages panel. Click Next.
5. In Specify Installation Location, accept the default locations provided, and click Next.
6. In Create Inventory, accept the defaults, and click Next.
8. In Install Product, follow the instructions to execute the scripts. Click OK when the scripts have completed.

for Databases
Configuring the database
We used the TPC-C build schema build options for Oracle inside HammerDB to build the database. We set the
following options in the build schema:
Oracle Service Name = R720_IP_address/orcl
System User = SYSTEM
System User Password = Password1
TPC-C User = tpcc
TPC-C User Password = tpcc
TPC-C Default Tablespace = tpcc
Order Line Tablespace = tpcc_ol
TPC-C Temporary Tablespace = temp
TimesTen Database Compatible = unchecked
Partition Order Line Table = checked
Number of Warehouses = 5000
Virtual Users to Build Schema = 20
Use PL/SQL Server Side Load = unchecked
Server Side Log Directory = /tmp
Running HammerDB
We ran HammerDB by filling in the appropriate information for the driver options. We tested with 10,000,000
transactions per user, a 20-minute ramp up time, and a 20-minute test duration. We used 101 virtual users with 0-ms
user delay and repeat delay. We used rman to back up the database before testing, and we ran restores between runs.

for Databases
ABOUT PRINCIPLED TECHNOLOGIES
Principled Technologies, Inc.
1007 Slater Road, Suite 300
Durham, NC, 27703
www.principledtechnologies.com
We provide industry-leading technology assessment and fact-based
marketing services. We bring to every assignment extensive experience
with and expertise in all aspects of technology testing and analysis, from
researching new technologies, to developing new methodologies, to
testing with existing and new tools.
When the assessment is complete, we know how to present the results to
a broad range of target audiences. We provide our clients with the
materials they need, from market-focused data to use in their own
collateral to custom sales aids, such as test reports, performance
assessments, and white papers. Every document reflects the results of
our trusted independent analysis.
We provide customized services that focus on our clients’ individual
requirements. Whether the technology involves hardware, software, Web
sites, or services, we offer the experience, expertise, and tools to help our
clients assess how it will fare against its competition, its performance, its
market readiness, and its quality and reliability.
Our founders, Mark L. Van Name and Bill Catchings, have worked
together in technology assessment for over 20 years. As journalists, they
published over a thousand articles on a wide array of technology subjects.
They created and led the Ziff-Davis Benchmark Operation, which
developed such industry-standard benchmarks as Ziff Davis Media’s
Winstone and WebBench. They founded and led eTesting Labs, and after
the acquisition of that company by Lionbridge Technologies were the
head and CTO of VeriTest.
Principled Technologies is a registered trademark of Principled Technologies, Inc.
All other product names are the trademarks of their respective owners.
Disclaimer of Warranties; Limitation of Liability:
PRINCIPLED TECHNOLOGIES, INC. HAS MADE REASONABLE EFFORTS TO ENSURE THE ACCURACY AND VALIDITY OF ITS TESTING, HOWEVER,
PRINCIPLED TECHNOLOGIES, INC. SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, RELATING TO THE TEST RESULTS AND
ANALYSIS, THEIR ACCURACY, COMPLETENESS OR QUALITY, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
ALL PERSONS OR ENTITIES RELYING ON THE RESULTS OF ANY TESTING DO SO AT THEIR OWN RISK, AND AGREE THAT PRINCIPLED
TECHNOLOGIES, INC., ITS EMPLOYEES AND ITS SUBCONTRACTORS SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY WHATSOEVER FROM ANY CLAIM OF LOSS OR
DAMAGE ON ACCOUNT OF ANY ALLEGED ERROR OR DEFECT IN ANY TESTING PROCEDURE OR RESULT.
IN NO EVENT SHALL PRINCIPLED TECHNOLOGIES, INC. BE LIABLE FOR INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IN
CONNECTION WITH ITS TESTING, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. IN NO EVENT SHALL PRINCIPLED TECHNOLOGIES,
INC.’S LIABILITY, INCLUDING FOR DIRECT DAMAGES, EXCEED THE AMOUNTS PAID IN CONNECTION WITH PRINCIPLED TECHNOLOGIES, INC.’S
TESTING. CUSTOMER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES ARE AS SET FORTH HEREIN.

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