Brickey hakespeare

Brickey hakespeare

• 1.
  William Shakespeare Widely regarded as the greatest writer in English Literature
• 2.
  Shakespeare • 1563-1616 • Stratford-on-Avon,England • wrote 37 plays • about 154 sonnets • started out as an actor
• 3.
  Stage Celebrity • Actorfor Lord Chamberlain’s Men (London theater co.) • Also > principal playwright for them • 1599> Lord Ch. Co. built Globe Theater where most of Sh. Play’s were performed
• 4.
  Shakespeare wrote: • Comedies •Histories • Tragedies
• 5.
  Romeo and Juliet •Written about 1595 • Considered a tragedy • West Side Story (Movie) based on R&J
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  The Theater • Playsproduced for the general public • Roofless>open air • No artificial lighting • Courtyard surrounded by 3 levels of galleries
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  Spectators • Wealthy gotbenches • “Groundlings”>poorer people stood and watched from the courtyard (“pit”) • All but wealthy were uneducated/illiterate • Much more interaction than today
• 8.
  Staging Areas • Stage>platformthat extended into the pit • Dressing & storage rooms in galleries behind & above stage • second-level gallery> upper stage> famous balcony scene in R & J • Trap door>ghosts • “Heavens”> angelic beings
• 9.
  Differences • No scenery •Settings > references in dialogue • Elaborate costumes • Plenty of props • Fast-paced, colorful>2 hours!
• 10.
  Actors • Only menand boys • Young boys whose voices had not changed play women’s roles • Would have been considered indecent for a woman to appear on stage
• 11.
  Elizabethan (QE1) Words • An,and: If • Anon: Soon • Aye: Yes • But: Except for • E’en: Even • E’er: Ever
• 12.
  QE1 Words (contin.) •Haply: Perhaps • Happy: Fortunate • Hence: Away, from her • Hie: Hurry • Marry: Indeed
• 13.
  QE1 Words (contin.) •Whence: Where • Wilt: Will, will you • Withal: In addition to • Would: Wish
• 14.
  Blank Verse • Muchof R & J is written in it: – unrhymed verse – iambic (unstressed, stressed) – pentameter( 5 “feet” to a line) • ends up to be 10 syllable lines
• 15.
  Prose • Ordinary writingthat is not poetry, drama, or song – Only characters in the lower social classes speak this way in Shakespeare’s plays – Why do you suppose that is?
• 16.
  Plot •The sequence of events in a literary work
• 17.
  Exposition • The plotusually begins with this: –introduces>>>> • setting • characters • basic situation
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  Inciting Moment • Oftencalled “initial incident” – the first bit of action that occurs which begins the plot – Romeo and Juliet “lock eyes” at the party
• 19.
  Conflict • The strugglethat develops –man vs. man –man vs. himself –man vs. society –man vs. nature
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  Crisis • The pointwhere the protagonist’s situation will either get better or worse –protagonist>good guy –antagonist>bad guy
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  Climax • The turningpoint of the story>everything begins to unravel from here –Thus begins the falling action
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  Resolution •The end ofthe central conflict
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  Denouement • The finalexplanation or outcome of the plot –If this is included in literature, it will occur after the resolution.
• 24.
  Tragedy (Shakespearean) • Dramawhere the central character/s suffer disaster/great misfortune – In many tragedies, downfall results from> • Fate • Character flaw/Fatal flaw • Combination of the two
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  Theme • Central ideaor >> • Insight about life which explain the downfall
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  Metaphorical Language • Comparisonof unlike things > – Paris standing over the “lifeless body” of Juliet, “Sweet flower, with flowers thy bridal bed I strew…” – “Thou detestable maw…”Gorged with the dearest morsel of the earth…” Romeo
• 27.
  Dramatic Foil • Acharacter whose purpose is to show off another character –Benvolio for Tybalt • look for others in R & J
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  Round characters • Characterswho have many personality traits, like real people.
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  Flat Characters • One-dimensional,embodying only a single trait – Shakespeare often uses them to provide comic relief even in a tragedy
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  Static Characters • Characterswithin a story who remain the same. They do not change. They do not change their minds, opinions or character.
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  Dynamic Character • Charactersthat change somehow during the course of the plot. They generally change for the better.
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  Monologue • One personspeaking on stage > may be other character on stage too – ex > the Prince of Verona commanding the Capulets and Montagues to cease feuding
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  Soliloquy • Long speechexpressing the thoughts of a character alone on stage. In R & J, Romeo gives a soliloquy after the servant has fled and Paris has died.
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  Aside • Words spoken,usually in an undertone not intended to be heard by all characters
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  Pun • Shakespeare lovedto use them!!! – Humorous use of a word with two meanings > sometimes missed by the reader because of Elizabethan language and sexual innuendo
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  Direct Address • Wordsthat tell the reader who is being addressed: • “A right fair mark, fair coz, is soonest hit.” • “Ah, my mistresses, which of you all/ Will now deny to dance?”
• 37.
  Dramatic Irony • Acontradiction between what a character thinks and what the reader/audience knows to be true
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  Verbal Irony • Wordsused to suggest the opposite of what is meant
• 39.
  Situational Irony • Anevent occurs that directly contradicts the expectations of the characters, the reader, or the audience
• 40.
  Comic Relief • Useof comedy within literature that is NOT comedy to provide “relief” from seriousness or sadness. • In R & J, look for moments of comic relief that help “relieve” the tragedy of the situation