Bt0077 multimedia systems2
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The document defines and explains various elements of multimedia including text, graphics, sound, video, and animation. It also defines and describes drawing, color, fonts, and briefly explains the basic laws of design such as balance, rhythm, emphasis, and unity.
Bt0077 multimedia systems2
- 1. 1 Multimedia Systems BT0077 Part-2 By Milan K Antony
- 2. 2 Briefly explain elements of multimedia. Multimedia is comprised of several elements including text, graphics, sound, video, and animation. Following are brief explanations of each multimedia element and how they can be used: Text is perhaps the most fundamental element of any multimedia project. Text-based information can also be gathered from resource CDs and the Internet. Applications such as Photoshop can be used to add visual effects to text to create a more appealing presentation.Graphics can be incorporated into a multimedia project in the form of photographs or designs. Graphic images can be imported from a variety of resources such as the Internet, a digital camera, a scanner, or resource CDs such as Art Mania 12,000. Original graphic designs can be created with applications such as HyperStudio, MovieWorks, and Photoshop LE. Audio, or sound, is a multimedia tool that is frequently used for the purpose of e-Learning courses and training. In general terms, sound can be described as the “vibrations that travel through air and can be heard by humans”. Sound requires the use of different software to allow for the programming of this medium and when using sound in multimedia there are many options of technologies that can be utilised to edit the sound file including Real Audio, QuickTime and Flash. Real Audio is obviously used in the editing/programming of sound files, however it was specifically developed as a “streaming media format” which means that sound can be played even as it is being downloaded. Moving images or video can be incorporated into a multimedia project as QuickTime movies. QuickTime Pro, HyperStudio, and MovieWorks can
- 3. 3 be used with a camcorder or VCR to create and edit QuickTime movies. These programs can also import movies from the Internet and from resource CDs such as The Archives of History. Movies that can depict a 360-degree panorama or a movable object can also be incorporated into a multimedia project. These virtual reality movies, often referred to as QuickTime VR movies, can be created with QuickTime VR Authoring Studio for playback and be incorporated into programs such as HyperStudio, MovieWorks, and QuickTime ProGraphics that contain movement are often referred to as animation. Animation files can be downloaded from the Internet in the form of animated GIF files and viewed with QuickTime Pro, HyperStudio, and MovieWorks. HyperStudio and MovieWorks can also be used to create and edit both frame and path animation. 2.How do you define the drawing? Drawing as always been the essence of most art forms. Since the beginnings of mankind it has always been the closest form to nature. It is another form of language to express nature, creativity, (creativity which comes from nature and what we see) and mankind. Drawing is the act of creating a representation of any subject by the use of lines and/or value. Most people associate drawing with pencils
- 4. 4 or charcoal, but a drawing can be made with any instrument that makes a mark. When some mediums are used to create a piece of art, the result is always considered a "drawing". Charcoal and graphite pencil are examples of these. Other mediums can be drawn "with" but the resulting artwork may or may not be considered a drawing. For example, art created with a computer can be either drawn or painted. Drawing is considered to be the foundation of all other visual art forms. Drawing students learn how to observe line, form, texture, and value and then reproduce them realistically. Once these basic skills are mastered, they can be utilized in any other visual art medium. While imaginative or fantasy drawing is creative, realistic drawing is the best way to learn basic art skills and even very young students can learn to draw in a realistic way if they are taught how. Most children and most adults too, feel a profound sense of accomplishment when they draw any subject accurately. The skill required to draw realistically makes drawing from the imagination even more rewarding, too. It’s easier to draw the dragon you see in your mind if you know how to draw scales and flames!
- 5. 5 3. What is colour? Colour is the by-product of the spectrum of light, as it is reflected or absorbed, as received by the human eye and processed by the human brain. It’s also a great design element! The world is full of light. Visible light is made of seven wavelength groups. These are the colours you see in a rainbow: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet – the Mr. ROY G. BIV you might have been introduced to in elementary school science. The reddish colours are the long wavelengths. The greenish colours are the mid-size wavelengths. The bluish colours are the short wavelengths. When light hits objects, some of the wavelengths are absorbed and some are reflected, depending on the materials in the object. The reflected wavelengths are what we perceive as the object’s colour. Our eyes are the input channels, if you will, for this light. One portion of the eye is called the retina and it contains four types of light sensors. First are the rods, which record brightness and darkness and from which we "see" a sort of coarse sketch of the world. Next are three types of cones, each one optimized to absorb a different spectrum range of visible light. One set of cones absorbs long wavelengths, the reds. Another absorbs mid-size wavelengths, the greens. The third absorbs short wavelengths, the blues. Together, these rods and cones gather the information that our brain then processes into one combined image.
- 6. 6 What this all means for the designer is that colour is a function of light and biology – which means that no two people see colour exactly the same. It also means that reproduced colour can be described, defined, and modelled through a variety of mathematical and visual lenses called colour spaces. Combine these two factors and you can quickly see how colour – and its theory and use – can quickly take on the tone of a religious war. 4. What is font? The life of the text lies in typefaces and fonts. Sheer artistry is possible by manipulating these to suit the requirement. Although typeface and font are often used interchangeably, a typeface refers to a type family, such as Times Roman, Avant Garde or Frutiger, while a font refers to a single instance of one of these typefaces, such as Frutiger light, Frutiger Roman or Frutiger Roman Italic. we know how to identify the parts, make sure the spacing is correct and we’ve decided on the image we want to portray, selecting what your message will look like is paramount to leaving the gravy off the mashed potatoes at dinner. You’re still going to have a nice dinner, but if you want to get saucy, pick a type category that fits.
- 7. 7 · Serif type has extensions or strokes on the ends of the letters. Times New Roman is a perfect example of this. This type of font is easy to read for longer pieces and tends to be a little more conservative. If you do not deliberately choose another font, most programs default to the Times New Roman style. · San-Serif does not have extensions or strokes on the ends of the letters and are used heavily for labeling, headlines and titles. This is also easy to read with a more contemporary feel to it. Children’s books use this because it is more easily identifiable as children are learning the alphabet. · Script, symbols and decorative type are all styles of type categories to create a specific image or message. Weddings might lean more toward the fluid motion of a script type while a child’s birthday might be more inclined to like a decorative font from a favorite movie . The font you decide on should not dominate the piece. Fonts are like exquisite jewellery to be placed in just the right context to insure maximum results. · Use care when mixing fonts. It’s kind of like mixing stripes and plaids. When in doubt, stay with something a little more conservative then add one splash of notice me. · Use consistency in your layouts. If you start out using an Arial font for the headers, stay with the same font throughout the piece.
- 8. 8 · Newsletters with columns will look better if you use the Justified Alignment. Make sure you don’t create rivers of white space though. · Use an 11 or 12 point font size and a serif type for maximum readability. · Use Italics and Bold to point out areas of interest or draw quick reference to information. · Use colour for emphasis. Remember, reds draw the most attention if used correctly. It is amazing what one spot of red can do for an ordinary ad. 5. Briefly explain laws of design. There are certain laws, which will govern the physical aspect of your design. These are not necessarily mutually exclusive and might overlap in many instances. Let us analyze the basic principles of design, which can be applied to a design or layout.The law of balance Balance refers to equalizing the weights of elements in a design. Formal balance is achieved when all the elements of a page are of equal weights and are placed symmetrically on the page. Informal balance may be achieved when the value, size and location of unequal elements on a page are changed. Balance is closely related to the natural law of gravity. There are two types of balance namely Symmetrical or formal balance and Asymmetrical or informal balance.
- 9. 9 5.3 Symmetrical Balance Symmetry denotes mirror image meaning one side of an image is the mirror image of the other. Balance is concerned with the distribution of visual interest, which means dealing with what is located where in a composition. There are two systems for controlling balance, which are as follows: Inverted Symmetry: Inverted symmetry is where the principle of symmetry is applied with half inverted like that of playing cards. Biaxial Symmetry A symmetrical composition can possess more than one axis of symmetry. Biaxial symmetry employs two axis of symmetry namely vertical and horizontal.
- 10. 10 Radial Symmetry Radial symmetry is a related concept and can utilize any number of axes due to the fact that here the images seem to radiate out from the centre like a star. The law of rhythm Rhythm is used to create eye movement and direction. It occurs when a design element is repeated. Rhythm acts as a guide so that the eye reads important parts of a message. It is also called the denominator of the arts. Rhythm in works of art is important because it plays a vital role in our physical lives. Rhythm helps us to find order in the world. The law of emphasis Emphasis or contrast adds variety to a design. It is the variations of elements in the printed product. Some elements of a layout stand out because of contrast. This is achieved by a difference in size, colour or appearance. Some of the contrasts are: round and straight, ornate
- 11. 11 and plain, broad and narrow. Various aspects such as contrasts, dominance, isolation, floodlighting the copy with white, repetition, and radiation can bring about emphasis. The Law of Unity Unity or harmony gives elements the appearance of belonging together. It is the proper balance of all elements to get a pleasing result as a whole. The image is viewed as one piece, as a whole, and not as separate elements. Unity implies the union of all elements in a layout, where each part supports the other parts and all combine to form an artistic homogeneous whole. It can be achieved by continuity or harmony. The element of simplicity in a design leads to easier comprehension. It is necessary, especially in a layout, to achieve clarity.