B.tech i eg u1 basics of engineering graphics
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Engineering graphics are used to describe objects through drawings and technical specifications. Descriptions using words alone can be inadequate, so graphics are needed to precisely convey shape, size, and features. Drawings can be created by hand using tools like pencils, templates, and rulers, or using computer-aided design software. Proper drawing standards must be followed to ensure consistency and understanding between readers. Elements of drawings include lines to represent visible or hidden features, center lines, and dimensions. Lettering is also an important element that must follow standardized rules.
B.tech i eg u1 basics of engineering graphics
- 2. 1. Try to write a description of this object. 2. Test your written description by having someone attempt to make a sketch from your description. Effectiveness of Graphics Language The word languages are inadequate for describing the size, shape and features completely as well as concisely. You can easily understand that … *1
- 3. Freehand drawing The lines are sketched without using instruments other than pencils and erasers. Example
- 4. Drawing by use of Instruments Instruments are used to draw straight lines, circles, and curves concisely and accurately. Thus, the drawings are usually made to scale. Example
- 5. Drawing by use of Computer The drawings are usually made by commercial software such as AutoCAD, solid works etc. Example
- 7. Elements of Engineering Drawing Engineering drawing are made up of graphics language and word language. Graphics language Describe a shape (mainly). Word language Describe size, location and specification of the object.
- 8. Basic Knowledge for Drafting Graphics language Word language Line types Geometric construction Lettering Projection method
- 10. Standards are set of rules that govern how technical drawings are represented. Drawing standards are used so that drawings convey the same meaning to everyone who reads them. DEFINITION
- 11. ISO International Standards Organization Standard Code ANSI American National Standard InstituteUSA JIS Japanese Industrial StandardJapan BS British StandardUK AS Australian StandardAustralia Deutsches Institut für NormungDINGermany Country Code Full name
- 12. Drawing Sheet Trimmed paper of a size A0 ~ A4. Standard sheet size (JIS) A4 210 x 297 A3 297 x 420 A2 420 x 594 A1 594 x 841 A0 841 x 1189 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0(Dimensions are in millimeters)
- 13. Drawing Scales Designation of a scale consists of the word “SCALE” followed by the indication of its ratio, as follow SCALE 1:1 for full size scales SCALE X:1 for enlargement scales SCALE 1:X for reduction scales • Definition: • Scale is define as ratio of linear dimensions of an element of an object represented in the original drawing to the linear dimension of the same element of the object by itself.
- 15. Visible lines : represent features that can be seen in the current view Meaning of Lines Hidden lines : represent features that can not be seen in the current view Center line : represents symmetry, path of motion, centers of circles, axis of symmetrical parts Dimension and Extension lines indicate the sizes and location of features on a drawing
- 16. Example : Line conventions in engineering drawing
- 18. 1. T-Square 2. Triangles DRAWING TOOLS *3 *4
- 19. 3. Adhesive Tape 4. Pencils 2H or HB for thick line 4H for thin line DRAWING TOOLS
- 20. 5. Sandpaper 6. Compass DRAWING TOOLS
- 21. 7. Pencil Eraser 8. Erasing Shield DRAWING TOOLS
- 22. 9. Circle Template 10. Tissue paper DRAWING TOOLS
- 23. 11. Sharpener 12. Clean paper DRAWING TOOLS
- 24. Lettering
- 25. Lettering Standard ANSI Standard This course Use a Gothic text style, either inclined or vertical. Use all capital letters. Use 3 mm for most text height. Space between lines of text is at least 1/3 of text height. Use only a vertical Gothic text style. Use both capital and lower-case letters. Same. For letters in title block it is recommend to use 5~8 mm text height N/A. Follows ANSI rule.
- 26. Stroke Sequence I L T F E H
- 27. V X W Stroke Sequence
- 28. N M K Z Y A Stroke Sequence 4
- 29. O Q C G Stroke Sequence
- 30. D U P B R J Stroke Sequence 1 2
- 34. Stroke Sequence v w x k z
- 35. Stroke Sequence j y f r t
- 36. Stroke Sequence c o a b d p q e
- 37. Stroke Sequence g n m h u s
- 38. GOOD Not uniform in style. Not uniform in height. Not uniformly vertical or inclined. Not uniform in thickness of stroke. Area between letters not uniform. Area between words not uniform. Example : Good and Poor Lettering
- 39. Leave the space between words equal to the space requires for writing a letter “O”. Example Sentence Composition ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS O O O OUNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED.O
- 40. References- IMAGE 1. http://www.bibliocad.com/library/piston_63810 2. http://www.dreamstime.com/royalty-free-stock-photo- engineering-drawing-equipment-image19335615 3. http://trade.indiamart.com/details.mp?offer=4715409313 4. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set_square 5. http://nptel.ac.in/courses/112103019/3 6. http://grafoindia.com/drawinginstruments.html • http://www.engineering108.com/pages/Engineering_graphics /Engineering_graphics_tutorials_free_download.html
- 41. References- Contents • http://www.engineering108.com/pages/Engin eering_graphics/Engineering_graphics_tutoria ls_free_download.html • A text book of engineering graphics- Prof. P.J SHAH • Engineering Drawing-N.D.Bhatt • Engineering Drawing-P.S.Gill
- 42. Thank You