The document discusses four emerging web technologies: WebSockets API, Canvas 2D API, Redis, and V8. WebSockets API allows for full-duplex communication between a browser and server without HTTP. Canvas 2D API enables drawing shapes and animations on an HTML canvas element. Redis is an open-source, in-memory data structure store that can be used as a database, cache, and message broker. V8 is the JavaScript engine behind Google Chrome that has also been adopted for server-side use cases when combined with non-blocking infrastructure.