Building your first app with MongoDB
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Norberto Leite gives an introduction to MongoDB. He discusses that MongoDB is a document database that is open source, high performance, and horizontally scalable. He demonstrates how to install MongoDB, insert documents into collections, query documents, and update documents. Leite emphasizes that MongoDB allows for flexible schema design and the ability to evolve schemas over time to match application needs.
![MongoDB ERD
Accounts
- account
- user
- password
- refresh_rate
- uri
Alerts
Messages
- id
- time
- account_id
- from
- to
- body
- attachments
- text
- user
- time
- retweets
- subscribers
- channel
- rate
- period
- metrics:[]
…](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/firstappmddmunchen-141113144355-conversion-gate02/85/Building-your-first-app-with-MongoDB-35-320.jpg)
![Inserting Messages (emails, tweets …)
> db.messages.insert({
"_id" : ObjectId("54527e08257844421e64623f"),
"favorited" : false,
"contributors" : null,
"truncated" : false,
"text" : "converting to #java 8",
"in_reply_to_status_id" : null,
”hashtags”: [ "#java", ]
…
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/firstappmddmunchen-141113144355-conversion-gate02/85/Building-your-first-app-with-MongoDB-47-320.jpg)
![Finding a Message
> db.message.find().pretty()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("54523d2d25784427c6fabce1"),
"From" : "norberto@mongodb.com",
"To" : "mongodb-user@googlegroups.com",
"Date" : ISODate("2012-08-15T22:32:34Z"),
"body" : {
"text/plain" : ”Hello Munich, nice to see yalll!"
},
"Subject" : ”Live From MongoDB World"
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("54527e08257844421e64623f"),
"favorited" : false,
"contributors" : null,
"truncated" : false,
"text" : "converting to #java 8",
"in_reply_to_status_id" : null,
”hashtags”: [ "#java", ]
…
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/firstappmddmunchen-141113144355-conversion-gate02/85/Building-your-first-app-with-MongoDB-49-320.jpg)
![Querying An Array
> db.article.find({"hashtags":"#java"}).pretty()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("54527e08257844421e64623f"),
"favorited" : false,
"contributors" : null,
"truncated" : false,
"text" : "converting to #java 8, #programing ",
"in_reply_to_status_id" : null,
”hashtags”: [ "#java", "#programing"]
…
}
query in JSON](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/firstappmddmunchen-141113144355-conversion-gate02/85/Building-your-first-app-with-MongoDB-50-320.jpg)
Building your first app with MongoDB
- 2. #mongodbdays @mongodb @nleite #developers Building your first app An introduction to MongoDB Norberto Leite SA, MongoDB
- 4. Let’s not talk about Fußball!
- 5. Quick Introduction • Norberto Leite – SA – Madrid, Spain – [email protected] – @nleite
- 7. Welcome to MongoDB Days Munich! This is YOUR conference!
- 8. Thanks for being part of the Family!
- 9. Grab our staff for anything you need!
- 10. What is MongoDB?
- 11. MongoDB is a ___________ database • Document • Open source • High performance • Horizontally scalable • Full featured
- 12. Document Database • Not for .PDF & .DOC files • A document is essentially an associative array • Document = JSON object • Document = PHP Array • Document = Python Dict • Document = Ruby Hash • etc
- 13. Open Source • MongoDB is an open source project • On GitHub • Licensed under the AGPL • Started & sponsored by MongoDB Inc (formerly 10gen) • Commercial licenses available • Contributions welcome
- 14. High Performance • Written in C++ • Extensive use of memory-mapped files i.e. read-through write-through memory caching. • Runs nearly everywhere • Data serialized as BSON (fast parsing) • Full support for primary & secondary indexes • Document model = less work
- 15. Shard 1 Shard 2 Shard 3 Shard N Horizontally Scalable
- 17. Full Featured • Ad Hoc queries • Real time aggregation • Rich query capabilities • Strongly consistent • Geospatial features • Support for most programming languages • Flexible schema
- 18. Setting Expectations • What is MongoDB • How to develop with MongoDB • Scale with MongoDB • Analytics • MMS • Sharding • Setting the correct environment
- 19. Ready to become a Pro!
- 21. Running MongoDB $ tar –z xvf mongodb-osx-x86_64-2.6.5.tgz $ cd mongodb-osx-i386-2.4.4/bin $ mkdir –p /data/db $ ./mongod
- 22. Mongo Shell MacBook-Air-:~ $ mongo MongoDB shell version: 2.6.5 connecting to: test > db.test.insert({text: 'Welcome to MongoDB'}) > db.test.find().pretty() { "_id" : ObjectId("51c34130fbd5d7261b4cdb55"), "text" : "Welcome to MongoDB" }
- 24. Terminology RDBMS MongoDB Table, View ➜ Collection Row ➜ Document Index ➜ Index Join ➜ Embedded Document Foreign Key ➜ Reference Partition ➜ Shard
- 25. Let’s Build a Blog
- 26. Let’s Build a Blog
- 27. Let’s Build a Personal Data Hub!
- 28. First step in any application is Determine your entities
- 29. Entities in our Data Hub • Accounts • Messages – emails – tweets – comments – streams • Notifications
- 30. In a relational base app We would start by doing schema design
- 31. Typical (relational) ERD Messages Email Tweets Facebook messages Alerts Accounts
- 33. Das ist beängstigende Sache
- 34. In a MongoDB based app We start building our app and let the schema evolve
- 35. MongoDB ERD Accounts - account - user - password - refresh_rate - uri Alerts Messages - id - time - account_id - from - to - body - attachments - text - user - time - retweets - subscribers - channel - rate - period - metrics:[] …
- 37. Demo time
- 38. Switch to Your DB >db test > use datahub switching to db datahub
- 39. Create our first Document >var account = { "name": "gmail", "credentials": { "user": "[email protected]", "password": "YOU WISH!" }, "smtp": "smpt.gmail.com", "tls": true }
- 40. Switch to Your DB >db test > use datahub switching to db datahub > db.accounts.insert( account )
- 41. Insert the Record > db.accounts.insert(account) No collection creation necessary
- 42. Find One Record > db.accounts.findOne() { "_id": ObjectId("54490561150027cc775b1019"), "name": "gmail", "credentials": { "user": "[email protected]", "password": "YOU WISH!" }, "smtp": "smpt.gmail.com", "tls": true }
- 43. _id • _id is the primary key in MongoDB • Automatically indexed • Automatically created as an ObjectId if not provided • Any unique immutable value could be used
- 44. ObjectId • ObjectId is a special 12 byte value • Guaranteed to be unique across your cluster • ObjectId("50804d0bd94ccab2da652599") |----ts-----||---mac---||-pid-||----inc-----| 4 3 2 3
- 45. Rich Data Types > db.accounts.findOne() { "_id": ObjectId("54490561150027cc775b1019"), "name": "gmail", "credentials": { Strings "user": "[email protected]", "password": "YOU WISH!" }, ”last_access": ISODate("2014-10-30T13:09:36.724Z"), "smtp": "smpt.gmail.com", "tls": true } Date Boolean
- 46. BSON
- 47. Inserting Messages (emails, tweets …) > db.messages.insert({ "_id" : ObjectId("54527e08257844421e64623f"), "favorited" : false, "contributors" : null, "truncated" : false, "text" : "converting to #java 8", "in_reply_to_status_id" : null, ”hashtags”: [ "#java", ] … }
- 48. Inserting Messages (emails, tweets …) > db.messages.insert({ "_id" : ObjectId("54523d2d25784427c6fabce1"), "From" : "[email protected]", "To" : "[email protected]", "Date" : ISODate("2012-08-15T22:32:34Z"), "body" : { "text/plain" : ”Hello Munich, nice to see yalll!" }, "Subject" : ”Live From MongoDB World" })
- 49. Finding a Message > db.message.find().pretty() { "_id" : ObjectId("54523d2d25784427c6fabce1"), "From" : "[email protected]", "To" : "[email protected]", "Date" : ISODate("2012-08-15T22:32:34Z"), "body" : { "text/plain" : ”Hello Munich, nice to see yalll!" }, "Subject" : ”Live From MongoDB World" } { "_id" : ObjectId("54527e08257844421e64623f"), "favorited" : false, "contributors" : null, "truncated" : false, "text" : "converting to #java 8", "in_reply_to_status_id" : null, ”hashtags”: [ "#java", ] … }
- 50. Querying An Array > db.article.find({"hashtags":"#java"}).pretty() { "_id" : ObjectId("54527e08257844421e64623f"), "favorited" : false, "contributors" : null, "truncated" : false, "text" : "converting to #java 8, #programing ", "in_reply_to_status_id" : null, ”hashtags”: [ "#java", "#programing"] … } query in JSON
- 51. Using Update to Add a Comment > db.messages.update({ "_id" : ObjectId("54523d2d25784427c6fabce1") }, {$set: { opened: {date: ISODate("2012-08-15T22:32:34Z"), user: ’Norberto'} } }) > which is a subdocument set new field on the document
- 52. Post with Comment Attached > db.message.findOne({"_id" : ObjectId("54523d2d25784427c6fabce1")}) { "_id" : ObjectId("54523d2d25784427c6fabce1"), "From" : "[email protected]", "To" : "[email protected]", "Date" : ISODate("2012-08-15T22:32:34Z"), "body" : { "text/plain" : ”Hello Munich, nice to see yalll!" }, "Subject" : ”Live From MongoDB World” "opened" : {"date": ISODate("2012-08-15T22:32:34Z"), "user": ’Norberto'} } Find document by primary key
- 53. MongoDB Drivers
- 54. Real applications are not built in the shell
- 55. MongoDB has native bindings for over 12 languages
- 56. Morphia MEAN Stack Java Python Perl Ruby Support for the most popular languages and frameworks
- 58. Great, I’m excited! What’s next?
- 59. docs.mongodb.org
- 61. Schema Design, Schema Design, Schema Design, Schema Design!
- 62. Legacy Migration 1. Copy existing schema & some data to MongoDB 2. Iterate schema design development Measure performance, find bottlenecks, and embed 1. one to one associations first 2. one to many associations next 3. many to many associations 3. Migrate full dataset to new schema New Software Application? Embed by default
- 63. Embedding over Referencing • Embedding is a bit like pre-joined data – BSON (Binary JSON) document ops are easy for the server • Embed (90/10 following rule of thumb) – When the “one” or “many” objects are viewed in the context of their parent – For performance – For atomicity • Reference – When you need more scaling – For easy consistency with “many to many” associations without duplicated data
- 64. It’s All About Your Application • Programs+Databases = (Big) Data Applications • Your schema is the impedance matcher – Design choices: normalize/denormalize, reference/embed – Melds programming with MongoDB for best of both – Flexible for development and change • Programs×MongoDB = Great Big Data Applications
- 65. We've introduced a lot of concepts here
- 66. IoT
- 67. MMS @ Scale Easily Best Practices, Automated Cut Management Overhead
- 68. Scalability @
- 69. DevOps @ Provision Upgrade Scale Continuous Backup Point-in-Time Recovery Performance Alerts
- 70. Wrapping up … • MongoDB is a great Developers Tool • Designed for : • Scalability • Flexibility • Performance • Multipurpose • Great Ecosystem
- 71. Well Done !
- 72. Questions?