C and C++ programming basics for Beginners.pptx
- 1. Rajkiya Engineering College Ambedkar Nagar Uttar Pradesh Presentation on:- C and C++ Programming Basic Presented by:- Purushottam Presented to:- Roll no:- 2107370200033 Mrs:-Mona Rani Branch:- Electrical Engineering Department Of Electrical Engg…..
- 2. Contents:- Introduction Data Types Operators C++ Conditions Function Classes and Objects Advantages
- 3. Introduction of C and C++ About C C is a general-purpose programming language created by Dennis Ritchie at the Bell Laboratories in 1972. It is a very popular language, despite being old. The main reason for its popularity is because it is a fundamental language in the field of computer science. About C++ C++ is one of the world's most popular programming languages. C++ can be found in today's operating systems, Graphical User Interfaces, and embedded systems. C++ is an object-oriented programming language which gives a clear structure to programs and allows code to be reused, lowering development costs. Difference between C and C++ C++ was developed as an extension of C, and both languages have almost the same syntax. The main difference between C and C++ is that C++ support classes and objects, while C does not.
- 4. History C++ was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup at Bell Laboratories over a period starting in 1979. Since C++ is an attempt to add object-oriented features (plus other improvements) to C, earlier it was called as “C with Objects”. As the language developed, Stroustrup named it as C++ in 1983. The name C++ suggests “C incremented” (recall the ++ is an increment operator of C).
- 5. Data Types The data type is a collection of data with values having fixed values, meaning as well as its characteristics
- 6. Operator An operator is a symbol that operates on a value to perform specific mathematical or logical computations. Types of Operators Relational Operator Arithmetic Operator Comparison Operator
- 7. Relational Operator The relational operators are used to compare two of the available values to understand what relationship the pairs of values share.
- 8. Arithmetic Operator Arithmetic operators are used to perform common mathematical operations. Example int sum1 = 100 + 50; // 150 (100 + 50) int sum2 = sum1 + 250; // 400 (150 + 250) int sum3 = sum2 + sum2; // 800 (400 + 400)
- 9. Comparison Operator Comparison operators are used to compare two values (or variables). This is important in programming, because it helps us to find answers and make decisions. The return value of a comparison is either 1 or 0, which means true (1) or false (0). These values are known as Boolean values, and you will learn more about them in the Booleans and If..Else chapter. In the following example, we use the greater than operator (>) to find out if 5 is greater than 3: Example int x = 5; int y = 3; cout << (x > y); // returns 1 (true) because 5 is greater than 3
- 10. C++ Conditions- A conditional statement, also known as a selection statement, facilitates the making of decisions on the basis of particular conditions. Less than: a < b Less than or equal to: a <= b Greater than: a > b Greater than or equal to: a >= b Equal to a == b Not Equal to: a != b C++ has the following conditional Statement Use if to specify a block of code to be executed, if a specified condition is true Use else to specify a block of code to be executed, if the same condition is false
- 11. The if Statements Use the if statement to specify a block of C++ code to be executed if a condition is true. Example int x = 20; int y = 18; if (x > y) { cout << "x is greater than y"; }
- 12. The else Statement Use the else statement to specify a block of code to be executed if the condition is false. Example int time = 20; if (time < 18) { cout << "Good day."; } else { cout << "Good evening."; } // Outputs "Good evening."
- 13. Function A function is a block of code which only runs when it is called. You can pass data, known as parameters, into a function. Functions are used to perform certain actions, and they are important for reusing code: Define the code once, and use it many times. A function can be called multiple times: Example:- void myFunction() { cout << "I just got executed!n"; } int main() { myFunction(); myFunction(); myFunction(); return 0; } // I just got executed! // I just got executed! // I just got executed!
- 14. Write a program to check the number is even or odd Program in C #include <stdio.h> int main() { int num; printf("Enter an integer: "); scanf("%d", &num); // true if num is perfectly divisible by 2 if(num % 2 == 0) printf("%d is even.", num); else printf("%d is odd.", num); return 0; } Output- Enter an integer Program in C++ #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int a; cout << "Enter the number: "; cin >> a; /* logic */ if (a % 2 == 0) { cout << "The given number is EVEN" << endl; } else { cout << "The given number is ODD" << endl; } return 0; } Program Output: Enter the number: 8 The given number is EVEN
- 15. Advantage of C++ • Object-Oriented. C++ is an object-oriented programming language which means that the main focus is on objects and manipulations around these objects. ... • Speed. ... • Compiled. ... • Rich Library Support. ... • Pointer Support. ... • Closer to Hardware.
- 16. Thank You