C++ Files and Streams
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This document discusses files and streams in C++. It explains that the fstream library allows reading from and writing to files using ifstream, ofstream, and fstream objects. It covers opening, closing, writing to, and reading from files, noting that files must be opened before use and should be closed after. The standard openmode arguments and open(), close(), write, and read syntax are provided. Examples of reading from and writing to files are included.
![C++ [ FILES AND STREAMS ]
AHMED FARAG
INFORMATION SYSTEM DEPARTMENT,
FACULTY OF COMPUTER AND INFORMATION, MENUFIA UNIVERSITY](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/week4io-160302235707/85/C-Files-and-Streams-1-320.jpg)
C++ Files and Streams
- 1. C++ [ FILES AND STREAMS ] AHMED FARAG INFORMATION SYSTEM DEPARTMENT, FACULTY OF COMPUTER AND INFORMATION, MENUFIA UNIVERSITY
- 2. FILES AND STREAMS So far, we have been using the iostream standard library, which provides cin and cout methods for reading from standard input and writing to standard output respectively. To read and write from a file we need another standard C++ library called fstream, which defines three new data types: Ofstream ifstream fstream
- 3. FSTREAM
- 4. NOTE To perform file processing in C++, header files <iostream> and <fstream> must be included in your C++ source file.
- 5. OPENING A FILE A file must be opened before you can read from it or write to it. Either theofstream or fstream object may be used to open a file for writing and ifstream object is used to open a file for reading purpose only. standard syntax for open() function: void open(const char *filename, ios::openmode mode);
- 6. OPENING A FILE CON… The first argument specifies the name and location of the file to be opened and the second argument of the open() member function defines the mode in which the file should be opened.
- 7. OPENING A FILE CON… You can combine two or more of these values by ORing them together. For example if you want to open a file in write mode and want to truncate it in case it already exists, following will be the syntax: ofstream outfile; outfile.open("file.dat", ios::out | ios::trunc ); fstream afile; afile.open("file.dat", ios::out | ios::in );
- 8. CLOSING A FILE When a C++ program terminates it automatically closes flushes all the streams, release all the allocated memory and close all the opened files. But it is always a good practice that a programmer should close all the opened files before program termination. standard syntax for close() function void close();
- 9. WRITING TO A FILE While doing C++ programming, you write information to a file from your program using the stream insertion operator (<<) just as you use that operator to output information to the screen.The only difference is that you use an ofstream or fstream object instead of the cout object.
- 10. READING FROM A FILE You read information from a file into your program using the stream extraction operator (>>) just as you use that operator to input information from the keyboard.The only difference is that you use an ifstream or fstream object instead of the cin object.
- 11. READ & WRITE EXAMPLE https://ideone.com/gir9Ww
- 12. READ & WRITE EXAMPLE https://ideone.com/Io5oNw