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California History Trevor Suh 2009-2010 Fourth grade

The Valley Region The California valley region is a good place for farming. The valley has rich soil for planting. The San Joaquin Valley and the Sacramento Valley are part of the Central Valley.

The Desert Region The desert region has rich minerals, metals, and other materials. Sand, gravel, and stone are some of the many minerals that are in the desert region. A part of the desert region is called the Imperial Valley.

The Desert Region The Imperial Valley gets water from the All-American Canal. The All-American Canal brings water from the Colorado River to the farms in the Imperial Valley.

The Coast Region The coast region has many kinds of jobs. The region has a fishing industry. The fishing industry provides fresh fish for restaurant and grocery stores. San Fransisco Bay and San Diego Bay are excellent harbors.

The Coast Region Millions of tons of goods are shipped in and out of San Diego Bay, San Fransisco Bay, and other ports every year.

The Mountain Region The mountain region has many trees that are used for timber. The timber is used to make other products. Douglas fir is the most important timber in the state. Gold mines are in the western side of the Sierra Nevada.

Juan Cabrillo Juan Cabrillo was a Spanish explorer who sailed north from Mexico. He wanted to find a route to Asia. San Diego, Cape San Martin, and San Miguel Island were also explored by Cabrillo. Alta California was what the Spanish named this area.

Sir Francis Drake Sir Francis Drake was a English explorer who sailed along the California's coast in 1579. drake found a small bay near San Fransisco. He named this place Nova (New) Albion. Albion was a different name for the island of England.

Sir Francis Drake Sir Francis Drake made maps of the coast. The maps were used by explorers until the 1700's.

Christopher Columbus Christopher Columbus was a sea captain from Italy who decide to go the other way then other Europeans. Columbus thought going this way would be shorter. The king and queen of Spain payed for Columbus's

Christopher Columbus Trip. Columbus set off from Palos, Spain in 1492. He had a crew with 89 men and three ships. One of the ships were the Santa Maria it was a caravel. Two more ships were the Nina and the Pinta they were both carracks.

Vitus Bering Vitus Bering traveled from Russia across the Pacific Ocean. He found a water route between Alaska and Russia in 1728. This route was named the Bering Strait. Russian traders came to California from the north through Bering's route.

Hernando Cortes Hernando Cortes left in 1519 to travel to the southern coast of Cuba. Cortes had 11 ships, 600 sailors, and 20 horses. They traveled west through the Gulf of Mexico. Then stopped at the eastern coast of Mexico. The Indians

Hernando Cortes there gave Cortes gold and other presents. Cortes wanted to go to the Aztecs. Cortes and his crew built a fort. They built the fort in a town they named Vera Cruz. Sometimes some soldiers of Cortes abandoned him. To not let that happen he burned his ships

Father Serra, Gaspar De Portola In 1769 Father Serra started a mission at San Diego. Gaspar de Portola was a soldier who was sent by Spain to run it's California colony. Portola led an expedition to explore the area Monterey.

Presidios Presidios were forts that were home to soldiers. The presidios protected the missions and Spanish settlers living in the area. The presidios also kept the Indians inside the missions. Presidios became the centers for trade.

Missions Missions were used to teach Indians religion. While the Indians were at the missions they worked. The men farmed and took care of the animals. The women cooked, sewed, gardened, and made soap and candles.

Ranchos Ranchos were large areas of land used to grow crops. Horses, sheep, cattle, and pigs were raised at the ranchos. Ranchos usually were used to grow large numbers of livestock

Pueblos Pueblos were villages. The pueblos grew food for soldiers at the presidios. Pueblo workers earned money, land, and animal from providing the presidios with food and water.

Ivan Kuskov and Fort Ross Ivan Kuskov led a group of native Alaskan and Russian fur trappers to the north of San Fransisco in 1812. they came to hunt sea otter. The trappers built Fort Ross as a trading post.

John Sutter John Sutter was a pioneer that built a fort named Sutter's Fort. Sutter's Fort was were the American and Sacramento rivers meet. John Sutter sold supplies to people traveling through this area.

James Beckwourth In the1850's an African American scout named James Beckwourth led settlers through the Sierra Nevada. He lived with the Crow Indians for about six years.

Jedediah Smith Jedediah Smith led the first group of American trappers through the Mojave and the Utah deserts to get to California in 1826. He moved back through the Sierra Nevada to the Great Salt Lake.

John Bidwell John Bidwell was in the first wagon train of settlers to come to California from Independence, Missouri in 1841. He also found gold and bought a ranch north of Sacramento.

John Fremont John Fremont went over the area making accurate maps. The maps were for the U.S. Government and pioneers in the 1840's. He also led troops in the Bear Flag Revolt. Maps

49ers and The Gold Rush The 49ers were miners that came to California to find gold in 1849. The Gold Rush started because James Marshall found gold and it spread all around and miners came to find gold.

Sam Brannan Sam Brannon was an entrepreneur. He heard about the gold and bought many mining tools to sell. Then he ran through the city holding gold dust and yelling there is Gold.

Levis Strauss Levis Strauss was an entrepreneur who made denim pants. He put rivets to his pants to make the pants stronger. The pants became popular for the miners. Levis Strauss's business still is here today.

Biddy Mason Biddy Mason was a slave and her owner brought her to California when California was a free state. Biddy petitioned to let her go. Finally she got free and helped the poor.

Mary Tape Mary Tape was Chinese and lived in San Fransisco in the late 1800s. Tape was unhappy that her children could not attend public school. Tape sued for her children to go to school, so a school for Asians were created.

The Mexican and American War In 1846 Mexico and America got into a war. Then America won and in 1848 Mexico signed the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. Mexico's territory became part of the United States.

Autobiography I am nine years old. I got to Bridgeport Elementary School and am in 4 th grade. My favorite food is pasta and sushi. I like to play. My favorite subjects are Math and Science.

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