Cambridge IGCSE Biology Cells Structures & Functions.pptx

Cambridge IGCSE Biology Cells Structures & Functions.pptx

• 1.
  B1. Cells ICGSE Combined science
• 2.
  Characteristics of livingthings 1) Movement 2) Respiration 3) Sensitivity 4) Growth 5) Reproduction 6) Excretion 7) Nutrition
• 3.
  Movement : anaction by an organism causing a change of position or place Respiration : the chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules and release energy Sensitivity : the ability to detect and respond to changes in the environment.
• 4.
  Growth : apermanent increase in size Reproduction : the processes that make more of the same kind of organism Excretion : removal from organisms of toxic materials and substances in excess of requirements Nutrition : taking in of materials for energy, growth and development.
• 5.
  Cells Cells are thebasic structural and functional unit of all living organisms.
• 7.
  Eukaryotes Vs Prokaryotes Eukaryotes •Multicellular organism (made of many cells) • Have nucleus (DNA is in the nucleus) • Have complex structure • Each cell have its own function Prokaryotes • Unicellular organism (made of one cell) • No nucleus • DNA in cytoplasm • Have simple structure • Only one cell function all the living process
• 10.
  Subcellucar Structures Features ofa cell that have a specific functions. E.g cell membrane nucleus etc. Some subcellular can be found in all cells. Others are unique to a particular cell type.
• 11.
  Cell Structure….. Nucleus :contains DNA (genetic material) which controls how cells grow or work. Mitochondria :power house of the cell that performs cellular respiration Cell membrane :controls the substances in and out of the cell Ribosomes :Sites of protein production in synthesis Cytoplasm :chemical reactions take place in this jelly-like substance
• 12.
  In addition tothe subcellular parts found in animal cells, plant cells have: • A cell wall made of cellulose: gives the cell shape and protection • A permanent vacuole filled with cell sap: pushes the cytoplasm against the cell wall, keeping the cell turgid • Plant cells found in the leaf and stem may also contain chloroplasts: the site of photosynthesis