capítulo 04 do livro de introdução à economia do mankiw. ppt
- 1. 2 SUPPLY AND DEMAND I: HOW MARKETS WORK
- 2. Copyright © 2006 Thomson Learning 4 4 The Market Forces of Supply and Demand
- 3. Copyright © 2006 Thomson Learning Figure 1 Catherine’s Demand Schedule and Demand Curve Copyright © 2004 South-Western
- 4. Figure 3 Shifts in the Demand Curve Copyright©2003 Southwestern/Thomson Learning Price of Ice-Cream Cone Quantity of Ice-Cream Cones Increase in demand Decrease in demand Demand curve, D3 Demand curve, D1 Demand curve, D2 0
- 5. Table 1 Variables That Influence Buyers Copyright©2004 South-Western
- 6. Figure 5 Ben’s Supply Schedule and Supply Curve Copyright©2003 Southwestern/Thomson Learning
- 7. Figure 7 Shifts in the Supply Curve Copyright©2003 Southwestern/Thomson Learning Price of Ice-Cream Cone Quantity of Ice-Cream Cones 0 Increase in supply Decrease in supply Supply curve, S3 curve, Supply S1 Supply curve, S2
- 8. Table 2 Variables That Influence Sellers Copyright©2004 South-Western
- 9. Figure 8 The Equilibrium of Supply and Demand Copyright©2003 Southwestern/Thomson Learning Price of Ice-Cream Cone 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Quantity of Ice-Cream Cones 13 Equilibrium quantity Equilibrium price Equilibrium Supply Demand € 2.00
- 10. Figure 9 Markets Not in Equilibrium Copyright©2003 Southwestern/Thomson Learning Price of Ice-Cream Cone 0 Supply Demand (a) Excess Supply Quantity demanded Quantity supplied Surplus Quantity of Ice-Cream Cones 4 € 2.50 10 2.00 7
- 11. Copyright © 2006 Thomson Learning Equilibrium • Surplus • When price > equilibrium price, then quantity supplied > quantity demanded. • There is excess supply or a surplus. • Suppliers will lower the price to increase sales, thereby moving toward equilibrium.
- 12. Figure 10 How an Increase in Demand Affects the Equilibrium Copyright©2003 Southwestern/Thomson Learning Price of Ice-Cream Cone 0 Quantity of Ice-Cream Cones Supply Initial equilibrium D D 3. . . . and a higher quantity sold. 2. . . . resulting in a higher price . . . 1. Hot weather increases the demand for ice cream . . . 2.00 7 New equilibrium € 2.50 10
- 13. Figure 11 How a Decrease in Supply Affects the Equilibrium Copyright©2003 Southwestern/Thomson Learning Price of Ice-Cream Cone 0 Quantity of Ice-Cream Cones Demand New equilibrium Initial equilibrium S1 S2 2. . . . resulting in a higher price of ice cream . . . 1. An increase in the price of sugar reduces the supply of ice cream. . . 3. . . . and a lower quantity sold. 2.00 7 € 2.50 4
- 14. Table 4 What Happens to Price and Quantity When Supply or Demand Shifts? Copyright©2004 South-Western