Case study hassan milk products
- 1. First Prize Dairy HASSAN CO-OPERATIVE MILK PRODUCERS' SOCIETIES' UNION LTD. Hassan (Karnataka) Unit Profile HASSAN DAIRY, IS A UNIT OF Hassan Co-Operative Milk producers. Union Limited registered under the Karnataka co-oerative act and has been commissioned in the year 1983. The rated capacity when constructed was 60 TKPD (Thousand Kgs per day) and was subsequently expanded to 120 TKPD by NDDB under the turn key project in the year 2000. Dairy has under its jurisdiction 2 chiiling centres and 1 mini dairy. The dairy receives milk in cans directly from dairy co-operative societies spread over in the districts of Hassan and Chickmagalore and also in tankers from chilling centres and mini dairy situated in the districts of Hassan, Chickmagalore and Kodagu. The dairy processes the milk and packs the following qualities of milk: 1. Toned milk with 3.5% Fat & 8.5% Solids not fat 2. Standardised Homoginised milk with 4.5% Fat & 8.5% Solids not fat 3. Double toned milk with 1.5% Fat & 9% Solids not fat In addition, the following milk products are manufactired in smaller quantities: Ø Ghee 38 Meric Tonnes per year Ø Curd 1095 Metric Tonnes per year Ø Peda 7.3 Metric Tonnes per year Ø Butter milk 292 Metric Tonnes per year The dairy markets milk and milk products under the trade name "NANDINI" which happens to be registered trade name of "Karnataka Milk Federation", the apex institution at the state level. Hassan dairy is assisted both technically and financially by National Dairy Development Board, Anand, Gujarath under opeartion flood and vision schemes. Energy Consumption The energy consumption in the years 2001-2002,2002-2003 and 2003-2004 along with the milk handled is as follows: DESCRIPTION UNIT 2001-2002 2002-2003 2003-2004 Milk Handled Metric Tonnes 41015.86 45843.72 52107.38 Total energy cost Rs in Lakhs 67.553 69.578 76.997 Energy cost v/s Manufacturing expenses Percent 72.87 71.95 68.99 126
- 2. DESCRIPTION UNIT 2001-2002 2002-2003 2003-2004 Total energy consumption - Electrical Lakhs kWh 12.947 13.504 14.414 Specific energy consumption - Electrical KWh/Tonne 31.567 29.458 27.663 Total energy consumption - Thermal Million Kcals 2358.38 2256.90 2336.86 Specific energy consumption - Thermal Million Kcals/Tons 0.0575 0.0492 - Year Qty Milk Handled Capacity Electrical Energy Thermal Energy Utilisation (Lakh KWHR) (MK cals) 2001-2002 41015.86 93.64 12.947 2358.38 2002-2003 45843.72 104.67 13.504 2256.90 2003-2004 52107.38 118.64 14.414 2336.86 There has been steady increase in the milk handled and decrease in the energy consumption since the dairy had launched Total Energy Management program in the year 2001 under the able guidance of NDDB, Anand, Institute Of Rural management (IRMA) with support from Karnataka Milk Federation. This program was launched in the entire state in all the 13 milk unions. In the year 2001-02 energy teams were constituted and energy managers were designated. Awareness and orientation programs were conducted to all the members of the core team by eminent faculty from IRMA, leading energy consultants in the field of Boilers, pumps and refrigeration systems under the leadership of Prof. Haribandhu Panda of IRMA. Quarterly review meetings were conducted in the years 2001-02 & 2002-2003 wherein the teams exchanged their innovative ideas by way of presentations and discussions and also presented the achievements made under the program. To start with the actual energy consumption was studied in comparison with the theoretical calculations made depending on the efficiency of the equipment in the dairy. The reasons for higher consumption were identified and corrective actions were initiated. This process was continued and is being continued. Thus reduction in energy consumption was achieved. 127
- 3. Energy Conservation Commitment, Policy and Organisational Set up Hassan dairy considers energy as a team approach and has included this under the "TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT" Wherein a continual approach has been bestowed to sustain the achievements made with due stress on improvement of product quality. Hence, the product quality was not sacrificed while saving energy. Cross functional teams were formed and the philosophy of energy conservation and quality improvement and sustainability were inculcated among all the employees by way of lectures and discussions. HRD experts were also invited to help building up of leadership qualities in the employees. The dairy also follows the 5 "S" house keeping principles with due stress on kaizen-a continual improvement. The ideas from the emplyees were sought, considered in achieving cost reduction and quality improvement. The energy profile of the dairy is Electricity and fire wood mainly and also HSD is used for power generation in case of power failure and for running the hot water generator. The energy cost is 68 to 72% of the total manufacturing cost of the dairy. The total connected load is 730 KW or 817 KVA and maximum demand is 300 KVA. There are stabdby motors to take over in case of breakdown or preventive maintanance. Electricity occupies the top position in the energy profile, since 77% of the energy is generated with the help of electricity. The refrigeration section is the major user of this source of energy, wherein 70% of the total electrical energy is used by this section. Hence, major thrust was given in conserving energy in this section. This section has 5 ammonia compressors driven by 5 nos 60 Hp motors. In addition, this section has 3 nos 10 Hp and 3 nos 5 Hp motors to run the chilled water pumps. Thus, the connected load in this section 258 KW. The total running hours of ammonia compressors and chilled water pumps ranges between 18-20 hours per day. At any given point of time 3 ammonia compressors and 4 chilled water pumps will be in operation while the rest are utilised as standby. Fire Wood is next in position in energy profile. The fire wood is purchased from the Karnataka state forest department who are very judicious in deforestation keeping in view the ecological balance. The fire wood constitutes 16% of the total energy. The major user of this energy is the milk processing section wherein more than 75% of the thermal energy is utilised. Thus this was the major section wherein the thermal energy saving efforts were put forth. 128
- 4. Energy Conservation Policy ORGANISATIONAL SETUP Energy Conservation Achievements During 2001-2004, Hassan dairy has implemented 9 energy saving projects through engineers initiatives, sub section team suggestions and innovative ideas by officers and have achieved savings of Rs. 10.90 Lakhs with a meager investment of Rs. 4.76 Lakhs resulting in 12.37% reduction in specific electrical energy consumption and 22% in specific thermal energy consumption. The energy saving projects implemented during 2003-04: 1. Chilled Water Management:- Ø Initial Milk to Chilled Water Ratio 1:18.84 Ø Achieved Milk to Chilled Water Ratio 1:10.75 Ø Total quantity of milk handled 52107.304 Thousand Kgs Ø Water pumped if ratio 1:18.84 981701 Thousand litres Ø Electricity required 122713 kWh Ø Water pumped when ratio reduced to 1:10.75 560153 thousand litres Ø Electricity required 70019 kWh Ø Electricity saved 52694 kWh Ø Savings per annum Rs. 2.4 Lakhs. 2. Installation of lower cpacity pumps at ETP:- v The requirement of electricity for a 5 Hp pump 32850 kWh/annum v The electricity consumed by 3 Hp pump 19710 kWh/annum v Reduction in energy consumption 13140 kWh/annum v Savings per annum Rs. 0.60 Lakh 129
- 5. 3. Co-efficient Of Performance (COP) of ammonia compressors:- The study revealed that the COP of the system was as low as 4.5 as against the stipulated standard 5.0 fixed by the manufacturer. Reasons for the reduced COP were identified and corrective measures were implemented by which the COP improved resulting in lesser running hours of ammonia compressors. The reduction was little less than 1 hour and with this reduced running hour the total energy saved was 27704 kWh resulting in monitory saving of Rs. 1.26 Lakhs per annum. 4. Condensate Recovery:- • Quantity of hot water required/day 3000 litres • Delta T for hot water 570 C • Steam required in kgs for the above delta T 171000 Kcals • Wood required to get 171000 Kcals • Efficiency of boiler 50.7% • GCV of wood 2359 Kcals/kg • Availability of calories (49.3%) 1177.77 Kcals/Kg of wood • Wood required 145 Kgs/day • Wood saved per annum 52.90 Metric Tonnes • Savings per annum Rs. 0.58 Lakhs 5. Installation of Boiler Chimney:- ü Qty of fire wood required to produce 6000 Kgs of steam Before commissioning the new chimney 2772 Kgs ü Qty of fire wood required to produce 6000 Kgs of steam after commissioning the new chimney 2655 Kgs ü Fire wood saved 117 Kgs ü Fire wood saved per annum 42.70 Metric Tonnes ü Savings per annum Rs. 0.47 Lakhs 130
- 6. Energy Conservation Plans and Targets 1. Methane Gas Utilisation:- The effluent treatment at the dairy is having anaerobic digester which produces methane gas which is being flared at present. The team intends to utilise the methane gas produced for operating 18 KVA diesel powered generator installed at ETP (with an admixture of methane & diesel in the ratio 70:30). The unit discussions with Indian Institute Of Science, Bangalore and Karnataka renewable energy development Limited (KREDEL) to obtain a safe and efficient gas kit. At present the generation of methane is sufficient to operate the generator for 10 hours/day on an average. The expected annual savings is Rs. 1.96 Lakhs per annum with an investment of Rs. 0.50 Lakh. 2. Pre-Chiller for returned chilled water:- The temperature of the returned chilled water from process to IBT ranges between 6-80 C. Plate type chillers can be used along with Ice bank system to reduce power consumption. The returned chilled water from the process shall be first chilled in plate type chillers instead of directly pumping to Ice bank tank containing vaporised ammonia ( at -100 C)as cooling medium. The returned chilled water would be chilled atleast 40 C and the ammonia gains heat by atleast 80 C. Approximately a power saving of 0.3 BKW/TR can be achieved. At -20 C the compressor can handle more quantity of ammonia delivering more capacity than at -100 C. If a nominal 15 hrs. of operation is considered the total savings per year would be 52560 kWh resulting in saving of Rs. 239670 per annum. The proposed investment is Rs. 6 lakhs. The payback period is 2.5 years. 3. Auto Controls for Milk Pasteuriser:- The pasteurisers installed (2 nos) does not possess auto controls. Installation of auto controls would help in constantly monitoring the pasteurisation temperature. This would avoid over heating of milk, variation in throughput and additional cleaning time. In the absence of auto controls the temperature in the pasteuriser will vary between 76-820 C thereby consuming more steam. Thus by installing the auto controls a saving of Rs. 3.75 Lakhs is possible against the proposed investment of Rs. 3.75 Lakhs. 4. Heat Recovery Units:- Heat recovery units can be introduced in the exhaust line of ammonia and air compressors. This would reduce the load on ammonia condensers and improves cooling efficiency. 131
- 7. The expected savings per annum is Rs. 1.25 lakhs. Proposed investment is Rs. 2.5 Lakhs. Payback period is 2 years. 5. Changing of Fuel Source from Fire wood to Agriculture Waste:- The agriculture waste available in the area at a cheaper rate are coconut shell, paddy straw/husk, bagass and coffee husk. Discussions with various suppliers are on to procure briquetted fuel. The boiler manufacturers have been consulted regarding the modifications required for the existing boilers. Estimated savings is Rs. 1.5 Lakhs. Proposed investment is Rs. 5 lakhs. The payback period is 3.3 years. 6. Water Management and Rain Water Harvesting:- The unit intend to reduce the present milk to water ratio from 1:2.3 to 1:1.75. oppurtunities of water conservation have been enlisted and required process and layout modifications have been worked out. At present the treated waste water is being used for gardening and for teak plantation (around 2500 in number). Actions have been initiated to harvest rain water in consultation with the experts in the field. Initially, building top rain water and run off water is being routed to dummy bore wells to recharge the underground streams. Expected Saving is Rs. 0.17 Lakh and proposed investment is Rs. 1.0 Lakh. Environment and Safety Actions have been initiated to get the HACCP & EMS 14000 certification. The target date is by the end of 2005. All the safety measures suggested by the statutory authorities have been implemented. There has been no incidence of accidents in the past 3 years period. 132