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Cell tissues and organs
This document discusses cell tissues and organs. It begins by introducing specialized cells which are adapted to perform specific roles. Different types of tissues work together to form organs. The main tissues in animals and plants are described including epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous tissues. Examples of plant organs like leaves and flowers and animal organs like the alimentary canal and heart are provided. Finally, the major organ systems and their functions are outlined.
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Introduction to the presentation on cell tissues and organs, outlining specialized cells, body structure, and organ systems.
Focus on specialized cells like root hair, xylem, and red blood cells, detailing their characteristics and functions in absorption, transport, and oxygen delivery.
Description of main animal tissues including epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous tissues and their specific roles in the body.
Overview of plant tissues like epidermal, meristematic, vascular, and photosynthetic tissues, highlighting their functions in protection, transport, and growth.
Definition of organs as structures made of various tissues; examples of plant and animal organs and their specific functions.
Explanation of organ systems including their functions in skin, circulation, respiration, digestion, movement, and immune response, highlighting their collaborative roles.
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Cell tissues and organs
- 1. Cell tissues andorgans B M Subramanya Swamy M.Sc. B.Ed. CIE Co ordinator & Examination Officer Kanaan Global School Jakarta Indonesia [email protected]
- 2. Cell tissues andorgans •Introduction •Specialized cells •Body structure •Organ system
- 3. Introduction • Specialized cellsare adapted to perform specific roles • Within an organism there are various types of specialized cells • Differentiation is the process that allows cells and tissues to develop special structures and functions • Tissues are a group of similar cells that are specialized for the same function • Different types of tissues work together to form an organ
- 5. Specialized cells Root haircells Xylem vessels Red blood cells Characteristics Unicellular found behind root tip Outgrowth of epidermal cells Row of cells Vessels form a hallow cylindrical tubes of cells Flattened biconcave disc No nucleus Contains hemoglobin
- 6. Root hair cellsXylem vessels Red blood cells Specialization Long and narrow thus increases its surface area Large vacuole with salt and sugar solution making it more concentrated than the surrounding soil water Cell wall thickened and impregnated with lignin Narrow lumen to aid capillary action Hallow vessel allows water to fill it Long vessel to reach distances between root and shoot Shape and flexibility allows it to pas through the narrowest vessels Shape increases surface area for diffusion of oxygen Cytoplasm with Hb to pick up more oxygen Lack of nucleus provides more space for Hb
- 7. Root hair cellsXylem vessel Red blood cell Functions Absorption of water and dissolved minerals salts from the soil Provides mechanical strength to plant body Conducts water and mineral salts from root to shoot Mainly to transport oxygen in the hemoglobin to area in the deprived of it
- 8. Body structure Tissues • Cellsare arranged according to their type and function • A tissues is a group of similar cells that perform a specific function
- 9. Main tissues inanimals Tissue type Types of cells Function Epithelial tissues Layer of lining or cover Cells usually placed end to end Covers the external surface Serves as a protective lining Some form glands E.g. Digestive gland
- 10. Tissue types Typesof cells Function Connective tissue Bone cartilage Blood Joins body structure together Provides protection and support Has the ability to store or transport materials
- 11. Tissue type Typesof cells Functions Muscular tissue Nervous system Muscles in arms heart etc Brain cells Locomotion Breathing Peristalsis Conduct nerve impulses throughout the body
- 12. Main tissues inplants Tissues types Types of cells Function Epidermal tissue One layer of cells May be covered with a waxy cuticle Covers surface of plant Protects from physical damage and infection Reduce water loss
- 13. Meristematic tissue Undifferentiatedcells Undergoes cell division to produce new Vascular tissue Vascular bundle of xylem phloem cambium Transport water and mineral salts Transport food Provide support New tissue growth in the cambium Photosynthetic Cells with chloroplasts Cells with chlorophyll Absorption of sunlight photosynthesis
- 14. Organs • Some tissueswork together ad an organ • A structure with two or more types of tissues that work together for a specific function
- 15. Plant and Animalorgan Types of organ Function Leaf Photosynthesis Transpiration Flower Reproduction
- 16. Types of organFunction Alimentary canal To digest food Nose trachea lungs Gaseous exchange Heart blood Transport oxygen and dissolved substances
- 17. Organ system • Agroup of organs working together to perform a specific function
- 18. Organ system Function Integumentarysystem (skin) Waterproof barrier Regulates temperature Circulatory system Regulates body temperature Transports food wastes and gases to and from cells Respiratory system Takes in oxygen Release carbon di oxide
- 19. Muscular system Movementsof parts of the body Muscles found in internal organs serves to move substances in the organs Skeletal system Supports body Protects internal organ Lymphatic system Filters bacteria Digestive system Takes in and breaks down food Absorbs nutrients Undigested food is eliminated
- 20. Excretory system Removeswastes from the body (includes lungs and skin) Nervous system Control and co-ordinate body movements Transmit information from the brain Immune system Defends against infection Endocrine system Secrete hormones Produce response in the body Reproductive system Produce sex cells Protects and nourishes young during development