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Cell transport.ppt n
- 2. Cell Boundaries Everyliving cell exists in liquid environment. There is liquid on the inside and outside of a cell. One of the most important functions of the cell membrane is to regulate the movement of molecules from one side membrane to the other side.
- 3. Semi-Permeable Membrane Smaller molecules can passthrough. Larger molecules cannot.
- 4. Diffusion Movement particlesfrom high to low concentration. Diffusion will occur until equlibrium is reached. This process does NOT require cellular energy (ATP).
- 5. Osmosis Diffusion ofwater across cell membrane from high to low concentration. Water molecules can very easily pass through cell membranes, because they are small.
- 6. Solution Concentrations Thecytoplasm of a cell is solution of many substances dissolved in water. A solution is mixture of two or more substances. The substances dissolved in a solution are called solutes. The concentration of solution refers to amount of solute dissolved in liquid (solvent).
- 7.
- 8. Environment of theCell The solution concentration outside the cell will determine the direction water moves across the cell membrane. The terms hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic are ADJECTIVES! They describe the environment of the cell!!!
- 9. Hypertonic Environments Lowconcentration of water/High concentration solutes outside cell. Water diffuses out of the cell and cell shrinks.
- 10. Hypotonic Environments Highconcentration of water/Low concentration solutes outside cell. Cells swell with water and may explode.
- 11. Isotonic Environment Equalconcentration of water/solutes inside and outside the cell. Water will move equally in/out cell.
- 13. 96% Water, 4%salt 98% Water, 2% Salt 97% Water, 3% Salt 95% Water, 5% Salt 98% Water, 2% Salt 98% Water, 2% Salt
- 14. Osmotic Pressure Waterpressure that builds up inside a cell due to a hypotonic environment. If pressure is too high, what could happen? Osmotic pressure in plants = turgor pressure. Cell Wall helps to with stand turgor pressure.
- 15. Plasmolysis- loss ofwater or “wilting” in plants
- 16. Facilitated Diffusion Someparticles are too large to pass through the membrane. They need help from channel proteins. This process does NOT require energy! Glucose Channel Protein
- 17. Passive Transport Particlesmoving from high to low concentration. Doesn’t require energy.
- 18. Active Transport Occasionally,particles need to move “against the concentration gradient.” Particles moving from low to high concentration. Requires energy (ATP).
- 19. Endocytosis Type ofactive transport. Process of taking in large amounts of food or liquid by means of active transport. 1. Phagocytosis (cell eating) – Taking in large clumps of food. 2. Pinocytosis (cell drinking) – Taking in large amounts of liquid.
- 20. Exocytosis Type ofactive transport. Forcing contents out of the cell. Method of removing large amounts of waste from cell.