Cells.ppt

Cells.ppt

• 1.
  Cells “The Building Blocksof Life”
• 2.
  What is aCell? • The structural and functional units of all living organisms. • What is a theory? – A set of statements or principles devised to explain a group of facts or phenomena – Based on limited information or knowledge – Verified of falsified through experimentation
• 3.
  Cell Theory 1) Allliving things are composed of cells 2) Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things 3) All cells come from pre-existing cells Exceptions: Viruses - Not composed of cells - Cannot survive without a host
• 4.
  More about cells… •Cells fall into two categories – Eukaryotes – Plants, animals, fungi • Cells that contain organized nuclei – Prokaryotes - Bacteria • Cells that contain a non-organized nuclei
• 5.
  Difference Prokaryotes Eukaryotes The majorityof prokaryotes are single- celled. The majority of eukaryotes have multiple cells. Due to the lack of a nuclear membrane, the nucleus is loosely defined. A nuclear membrane surrounds the nucleus, which is well-defined. Plastids, cellular organelles, Golgi bodies, and other cell organelles are missing. There are plastids, mitochondria, Golgi bodies, and other cell organelles are present. The nucleolus is absent. There is a nucleolus present. Example- Bacteria and algae Example- Animal cells and plant cells.
• 7.
  Eukaryotic Cell Structure 2Types Animal Plant The major parts found in both Nucleus Cell Membrane ER Found only in plants Cell Wall Chloroplast Contains DNA Allows materials to enter and exit Contain Ribosomes Produce Membrane lipids Provides support Carry out Photosynthesis Ribosome Makes Protein from amino acids Mitochondria Makes energy
• 8.
  Plant cell Animalcell 1. A plant cell is surrounded by a rigid cell wall. 1. An animal cell does not have a cell wall. 2. Presence of a large vacuole is seen in plant cells. 2. Whereas there are very small vacuoles as compared to plant cells are seen in animal cells. 3. Larger in size. 3. Smaller in size. 4. Plant cells have plastids. 4. Animal cells do not have plastids. 5. Centrosomes are absent in plant cells 5. Animal cells have centrosomes. 6. Plant cells do not have cilia. 6. Animal cells have cilia. 7. Lysosomes are very rare in plant cells. 7. Animal cells have lysosomes.