Ch01 Digital Literacy: Introducting a World of Technology
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This chapter discusses the evolution of the Internet from its origins as ARPANET in 1969 to connect scientists. It describes various types of Internet connections and IP addresses. The World Wide Web and websites are explained, along with browsers, URLs, and web publishing. Other Internet services like email, instant messaging, chat rooms, and file transfer are covered. The chapter concludes with multimedia, graphics, and netiquette guidelines.
Ch01 Digital Literacy: Introducting a World of Technology
- 1. Discovering Computers Technology in a World of Computers, Mobile Devices, and the Internet Chapter 2 The Internet
- 2. Objectives Overview Discuss the evolution of the Internet Briefly describe various broadband Internet connections Describe the purpose of an IP address and its relationship to a domain name Describe features of browsers and identify the components of a web address Describe ways to enter effective search text Explain benefits and risks of using social networking sites See Page 54 for Detailed Objectives Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 2
- 3. Objectives Overview Describe uses of various types of websites Identify and briefly describe the steps required for web publishing Explain how email, email lists, instant messaging, chat rooms, discussion forums, VoIP, and FTP work See Page 54 for Detailed Objectives Explain how the web uses graphics, animation, audio, video, and virtual reality Identify the rules of netiquette Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 3
- 4. The Internet • The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that links millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals Pages 54 - 55 Figure 2-1 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 4
- 5. Evolution of the Internet • The Internet originated as ARPANET in September 1969 and had two main goals: Allow scientists at different physical locations to share information and work together Page 54 Function even if part of the network were disabled or destroyed by a disaster Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 5
- 6. Evolution of the Internet 1969 ARPANET becomes functional Today Millions of hosts connect to the Internet 1984 ARPANET has more than 1,000 individual computers linked as hosts Page 54 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 6
- 7. Connecting to the Internet • With wired connections, a computer or device physically attaches via a cable or wire to a communications device • Computers without a communications device can use a wireless modem Page 56 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 7
- 8. Connecting to the Internet Page 56 Figure 2-2 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 8
- 9. Connecting to the Internet Wired Wireless • Cable Internet service • DSL (digital subscriber line) • Fiber to the Premises (FTTP) Page 57 • Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity) • Mobile broadband • Fixed wireless • Satellite Internet Service Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 9
- 10. Connecting to the Internet • A cybercafé is a location that provides computers with Internet access, usually for a fee • A hot spot is a wireless network that provides Internet connections to mobile computers and devices Page 57 Figure 2-3 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 10
- 11. Connecting to the Internet • An Internet service provider (ISP) is a business that provides individuals and organizations access to the Internet free or for a fee • Bandwidth represents the amount of data that travels over a network – Megabyte (MB) – Gigabyte (GB) Page 58 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 11
- 12. Connecting to the Internet Page 59 Figure 2-4 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 12
- 13. Connecting to the Internet • An IP address is a sequence of numbers that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet • A domain name is a text-based name that corresponds to the IP address • A DNS server translates the domain name into its associated IP address Pages 60 - 61 Figure 2-5 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 13
- 14. Connecting to the Internet Page 60 Table 2-3 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 14
- 15. Connecting to the Internet Page 61 Figure 2-6 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 15
- 16. The World Wide Web • The World Wide Web (WWW), or web, consists of a worldwide collection of electronic documents (webpages) • A website is a collection of related webpages and associated items • A web server is a computer that delivers requested webpages to your computer • Web 2.0 refers to websites that provide a means for users to share personal information, allow users to modify website content, and provide applications through a browser Pages 61 - 62 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 16
- 17. The World Wide Web • A browser is an application that enables users with an Internet connection to access and view webpages on a computer or mobile device • A home page is the first page that a website displays • Desktop browsers typically support tabbed browsing Pages 62 - 63 Figure 2-7 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 17
- 18. The World Wide Web • A webpage has a unique address called a web address or URL Pages 64 - 65 Figure 2-8 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 18
- 19. The World Wide Web • A web app is an application stored on a web server that you access through a browser – Web app hosts usually provide storage for users’ data and information on their servers, known as cloud storage Pages 65 – 66 Figure 2-10 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 19
- 20. Types of Websites • A search engine is software that finds websites, webpages, images, videos, news, maps, and other information related to a specific topic • A subject directory classifies webpages in an organized set of categories, such as sports or shopping, and related subcategories Pages 67 - 68 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 20
- 21. Types of Websites • Search operators can help to refine your search Page 68 Table 2-4 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 21
- 22. The World Wide Web • There are thirteen types of Web sites Online social network News, weather, sports, and other mass media Pages 68 – 72 Informational Media sharing and bookmarking sites Educational Business, Governmental, and Organizational Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 22
- 23. The World Wide Web Blogs Entertainment Pages 72 – 75 Wikis Health and Science Financial Travel and Mapping Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 23
- 24. The World Wide Web Shopping and Auctions Careers and Employment E-Commerce Portals Pages 75 – 78 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 24
- 25. The World Wide Web • Web publishing is the development and maintenance of websites Plan the website Pages 78 - 79 Design the website Create the website Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 Host the website Maintain the website 25
- 26. Media on the Web • Multimedia refers to any application that combines text with: Page 79 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 26
- 27. Media on the Web • A graphic is a digital representation of nontext information • Graphic formats include BMP, GIF, JPEG, PNG, an d TIFF Pages 80 – 81 Figure 2-21 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 27
- 28. Media on the Web • An infographic is a visual representation of data and information, designed to communicate quickly, simplify complex concepts, or present patterns or trends Pages 80 – 81 Figure 2-22 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 28
- 29. Media on the Web • Animation is the appearance of motion created by displaying a series of still images in sequence Page 81 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 29
- 30. Media on the Web • Audio includes music, speech, or any other sound – Compressed to reduce file size • You listen to audio on your computer using a media player Page 82 Figure 2-23 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 30
- 31. Media on the Web • Video consists of images displayed in motion • Virtual reality (VR) is the use of computers to simulate a real or imagined environment that appears as a threedimensional space Page 83 Figure 2-24 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 31
- 32. Media on the Web A plug-in is a program that extends the capability of a Web browser Page 83 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 32
- 33. Other Internet Services • Email is the transmission of messages and files via a computer network • An email program allows you to create, send, receive, forward, store, print, and delete email messages Page 84 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 33
- 34. Other Internet Services Page 85 Figure 2-25 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 34
- 35. Other Internet Services • An email list is a group of email addresses used for mass distribution of a message Page 86 Figure 2-26 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 35
- 36. Other Internet Services • Instant messaging (IM) is a real-time Internet communications service Page 86 Figure 2-27 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 36
- 37. Other Internet Services • A chat is a real-time typed conversation that takes place on a computer or mobile device • A chat room is a website or application that permits users to chat with others who are online at the same time Page 87 Figure 2-30 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 37
- 38. Other Internet Services • A discussion forum is an online area in which users have written discussions about a particular subject Page 87 Figure 2-29 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 38
- 39. Other Internet Services • VoIP (Voice over IP) enables users to speak to other users over the Internet Page 88 Figure 2-31 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 39
- 40. Other Internet Services • FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is an Internet standard that permits file uploading and downloading to and from other computers on the Internet • Many operating systems include FTP capabilities • An FTP server is a computer that allows users to upload and/or download files using FTP Page 88 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 40
- 41. Netiquette • Netiquette is the code of acceptable Internet behavior Page 90 Figure 2-30 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 41
- 42. Summary Evolution of the Internet The Web Other services available on the Internet Page 91 Various types of websites Netiquette Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 42
- 43. Discovering Computers Technology in a World of Computers, Mobile Devices, and the Internet Chapter 2 The Internet Chapter 2 Complete