Chap 3(operator expression)
Download as PPT, PDF•0 likes•651 views
This document discusses operators and expressions in C programming. It defines operators as symbols that tell the computer to perform mathematical or logical manipulations. It categorizes C operators and describes the meaning and usage of arithmetic, relational, logical, assignment, increment/decrement, conditional, and bitwise operators. It also discusses expressions, operator precedence and associativity, and type conversion in expressions.
Chap 3(operator expression)
- 1. Operators and Expressions Topics • Operators and classification • Expression • Operator precedence and associativity • Type conversion
- 2. Operators • Operator: An operator is a symbol that tells the computer to perform specific mathematical or logical manipulation. • Categories of C operators: 1. Arithmetic operators 2. Relational operators 3. Logical operators 4. Assignment operators 5. Increment and decrement operators 6. Conditional operators 7. Bitwise operators 8. Special operators
- 3. Arithmetic Operator – Operator Meaning + Addition - Subtraction * Multiplication / Division % Modulo division
- 4. Relational Operators – Operator Meaning < is less than <= is less than or equal to > is greater than >= is greater than or equal to == is equal to != is not equal to
- 5. Logical Operators – Operator Meaning && logical AND || logical OR ! Logical NOT Op-1 Op-2 Op-1&&Op-2 Op-1||Op-2 0 0 0 0 0 Non-zero 0 1 Non zero 0 0 1 Non zero Non zero 1 1
- 6. Assignment Operators • Assignment operator ‘=‘ is used to assign the result of an expression to a variable. • ‘=‘ also can be used in shorthand assignment operator. • Ex: x = x + y can be written as x +=y
- 7. Increment and Decrement Operators • Increment operator: ++ • Decrement operator: -- • ++ adds 1 to the operand and -- subtracts 1 from the operand. • Difference between x++ and ++x: x++ is post increment and in case of assignment, the value first assigned and then increment operand by 1. ++x is pre-increment and first value of x is incremented by 1 and then the value is assigned. if x = 10 and y = x++ then after execution value of x = 11 and y = 10 similarly, if x=10 and y=++x then after execution value of x=y=11 • Difference between x-- and --x
- 8. Conditional Operator • The pair ? : is known as conditional operator • Rule: var = (condition)?exp1:exp2; • If the condition is true then value of var = exp1 else var = exp2 • Ex: If x = 10, y = 20 and z = (x+10<y)? x*y: y/x , the value of z after execution will be 2
- 9. Bitwise and Special Operators • Bitwise operators: &, |, <<, >>, ~ • Special operators: , ;
- 10. Arithmetic Expression • An arithmetic expression is a combination of variables, constants and operators arranged as per the syntax of the language. • Expression are evaluated using an assignment statement of the form variable = expression; • Ex: x = a*b-10; y = b+c*a;
- 11. Operator precedence and Associativity • Precedence: It is the process of assigning priority to the operators in the expression. • High priority: * / % • Low priority: + - • Associativity: Operators of the same precedence are evaluated either from left to right or from right to left, depending on the level. This is know as associativity. • Ex: 5+6-3
- 12. Type conversion in Expression • Consider 7/2 = 3 but if you need the result like 7/2= 3.5 then what you will do??? • The process of converting type of any expression is called casting. • The general form: (type_name) expression • Ex: (float) 7/2 = 3.5