Chap007 MIS (Management Information System)
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This document discusses how companies use intranets, extranets, and the internet to conduct electronic business. It describes the major applications of these technologies for communication, collaboration, e-commerce, and internal systems. It also outlines the hardware, software, and network components required for an intranet architecture and discusses how groupware tools support enterprise collaboration.
Chap007 MIS (Management Information System)
- 1. Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien 1 I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien C h a p t e r 7 Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. The Internetworked E-Business Enterprise
- 2. Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien 2 Chapter Objectives • Identify the major types of electronic business applications supported by the Internet, intranets, and extranets in an internetworked E-Business. • Give several examples of how companies are using Internet technologies for communication, collaboration, information publishing and sharing, and business operations and management. • Identify the hardware, software, data, and network components of an intranet architecture.
- 3. Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien 3 Chapter Objectives • Identify several ways the use of Internet technologies can provide cost savings or revenue benefits to a company. • Identify several groupware tools for electronic communication, conferencing, and work management, and give examples of how they can enhance the collaboration of teams and workgroups in a business enterprise.
- 4. Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien 4 Major E-Business Applications Enterprise Communication and Collaboration Enterprise Communication and Collaboration Electronic Business Applications Telecommunications Networks Electronic Commerce Electronic Commerce Internal Business Systems Internal Business Systems The Internet Intranets Extranets
- 5. Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien 5 Applications of Intranets Communicate and Collaborate with E-mail, chat, conf. Communication and Collaboration Secure, universal access. To view corporate data Author, publish and share hypermedia documents Centrally administer clients, servers, security, and traffic Business Operations and Management Web Publishing Intranet Portal Management F I R E W A L L F I R E W A L L Internet Extranet Customers, Suppliers Enterprise Portal Existing E-Mail Voice Mail Systems Existing Database and Enterprise appl. HTML, MS Office XML, Java Existing Hardware and Networks
- 6. Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien 6 The Role of Extranets
- 7. Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien 7 Internet Enabled Technology Architectures Management Security Software Tools Content and Data Infrastructure TCP/IP Network Hypermedia Databases Servers Browsers Network Management Software Authoring Tools Policies and Standards Firewalls Passwords Encryption
- 8. Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien 8 Groupware for Enterprise Collaboration Groupware for Enterprise Collaboration Electronic Communications Tools Electronic Communications Tools Electronic Conferencing Tools Electronic Conferencing Tools Collaborative Work Management Tools Collaborative Work Management Tools •E-Mail •Voice Mail, I Phone •Web Publishing •Faxing •Data Conferencing •Voice Conferencing •Videoconferencing •Discussion Forums •Electronic Meetings •Calendaring •Task and Project Mgt •Workflow Systems •Knowledge Mgt •Document Sharing
- 9. Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien 9 Electronic Communications Tools • Electronic Mail • Voice Mail • Faxing • Web Publishing
- 10. Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien 10 Electronic Conferencing Tools • Data Conferencing • Voice Conferencing • Videoconferencing • Discussion Forums • Chat Systems • Electronic Meeting Systems
- 11. Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien 11 Collaborative Work Management Tools • Calendaring and Scheduling • Task and Project Management • Workflow Systems • Knowledge Management
- 12. Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien 12 The Future of Intranets and Extranets • Universal access of information via the enterprise information portal. • Intranets become primary vehicle for information delivery. • All applications will be web-enabled via the Internet, intranet or extranet. • More focus on turning information into knowledge. • Increased electronic ‘bonding’ through use of extranets.
- 13. Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien 13 Chapter Summary • By using the Internet to disseminate information globally, communicate and trade interactively with customers, companies are deriving strategic business value from the Internet. • Businesses are rapidly installing intranets, extranets, and enterprise information portals throughout their organizations in order to enhance communication and collaboration, and to publish and share business information easily and at lower cost.
- 14. Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien 14 Chapter Summary (cont) • Intranets require business technology investments both in hardware, software, and the human resources needed to manage web-information assets. • Extranets link the intranet resources of a company to the intranets of its customers, suppliers, and other business partners and thereby, help develop and strengthen strategic alliances between them.
- 15. Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien 15 Chapter Summary (cont) • The goal of enterprise collaboration systems is to help workgroups and project teams work together more efficiently and effectively. Collaboration technologies help groups share information, coordinate work efforts and resources, and work together cooperatively.
Editor's Notes
- #5: In this lecture we will begin to examine E-Business applications. There are three major categories of applications. Enterprise Communication and Collaboration. These are applications that support real-time global communication and collaboration between employees, customers, suppliers, and other business partners. Examples of these applications include E-Mail, chat systems, audio and videoconferencing, and electronic meeting systems. Electronic Commerce. These are applications that support the buying and selling of products, services, and information over the Internet and extranets. Such applications include online sales transaction processing, business-to-consumer and business-to-business consumer auctions, and online markets. Internal Business Systems. Support a company’s internal business processes and operations.
- #6: As shown in the previous slide, the vast majority of these applications depend on the Internet, intranets, and extranets. Let’s take a moment to examine these. What is an intranet? An intranet is a network inside an organization that uses Internet technologies such as web browsers, TCP/IP network protocols, and HTML to provide an Internet-like environment within the enterprise for information sharing, communication, collaboration, and support of business processes. Access to an intranet is protected by such security measures as passwords, data encryption and fire walls and thus, can only be accessed by authorized users, including business customers and partners who may access the intranet via their own intranet or through extranet links. As shown on the slide, intranet applications are often grouped into user service categories. Such services are made available by the intranet’s Enterprise Information Portal. An Enterprise Information Portal (EIP) is a web-based interface that gives intranet users and selected extranet users access to a variety of internal and external business applications and services. The portal provides users with a easy means for accessing key corporate resources. Together with intranets, EIPs provide an organization with: Increased productivity through quick, low-cost access to key business information. Easier and less costly information development, distribution, and publication through use of web-publishing technologies. Such technologies allow hyperlinked documents to be ‘pushed’ to workgroup members wherever they are. Enhanced cross platform integration and deployment of core information systems. Such systems may interface with legacy systems, allowing employees and business partners to access such applications anywhere, anytime.
- #7: An extranet is a network that uses Internet technologies to interconnect the intranets of its customers, suppliers, or other business partners. As we learned earlier, companies can use virtual private networks (VPNs) to establish direct private network links between themselves, or can use the unsecured Internet as their network backbone. Extranets allow companies to: Access customer and supplier information easier and faster Offer new and enhanced kinds of interactive services to business partners, and more importantly Form strategic alliances with customers, suppliers, business partners and even competitors. In addition, extranets enable companies to form virtual corporations that in turn allow business partners to take advantage of market opportunities that they would not be able to pursue individually.
- #8: Intranets and other Internet-like networks within organizations are not without their costs. Companies must invest in technologies to support the telecommunications infrastructure needed to support these networks. They must invest in the software tools like authoring software, needed to develop web-based content, and the security devices, like fire walls, and encryption software needed to protect information assets. Lastly, these data resources must be managed. This includes developing the policies and standards needed to guide development and publication of web content, and determining who may gain access to specific content. Management also includes management of network resources, including such functions as monitoring input and output activities, assigning priorities to data communication requests, planning for new business needs, detecting and correcting transmission errors and handling other network problems.
- #9: As we stated earlier, an enterprise collaboration system (ECS) is an information system that is used to support communication, coordination and collaboration among the members of business teams and workgroups. Enterprise communication and collaboration systems enable business professionals to share information with each other, coordinate individual work efforts and resources, and work cooperatively on joint projects. Typically such system capabilities are provided through groupware packages that provide three major categories of tools: Electronic Communications Tools Electronic Conferencing Tools; and Collaborative Work Management Tools Each of these will be discussed in turn.
- #10: Electronic communications tools are tools that help business professionals communicate and collaborate with others by sending messages, documents and files in data, text, voice, or multimedia over the Internet, intranets, extranets, or other computer networks. Electronic communications tools include: Electronic Mail. This tool allows users to send and receive text messages. It can also be used to send data files, software, and multimedia messages. Net broadcasters can be used to automatically push information from Internet and intranet resources to a user’s mail box. Voice Mail. Allows unanswered phone messages to be digitized, stored, and later retrieved by a voice message computer. Fax. Allows document images to be transmitted and received over telephone or computer networks using PCs or fax machines. The Internet can now be used to provide both telephone, voice mail, faxing, and paging services. However the quality of such services often varies. Some examples of popular software packages include Netscape Conference and Microsoft NetMeeting. Web Publishing. Has become a more efficient and effective way of communicating. These tools allow end users to create, edit and store hyperlinked documents and other materials on Internet or intranet web servers. This allows documents to be easily shared via web browsers or netcasting with teams, workgroups, or the enterprise. Some examples of web publishing tools include Netscape Composer and Microsoft FrontPage.
- #11: Electronic conferencing tools help networked computer users share information and collaborate while working together on joint assignments, no matter where they are located. They include such tools as: Data Conferencing. Allows users on networked PCs to view, ‘markup’, revise and save changes to a shared whiteboard of drawings, documents, and other materials in real-time. Most software packages like Netscape Conference allow you to have a voice and data conference at the same time. They also provide tools for highlighting and annotating documents. Voice Conferencing. Telephone conversations shared among several participants via speaker phones or networked PCs with Internet telephone software. Videoconferencing. Provides real-time video/audio conferences among users on networked PCs (desktop videoconferencing), or among networked conference rooms or auditoriums in different locations (teleconferencing). Teleconferencing often employs one-way video. In such cases major participants may be televised while participants at remote sites may only be able to take part with voice input of questions and responses. Many videoconferencing packages also include whiteboarding. Examples include White Pine’s CUSeeMe and Intel’s ProShare. Discussion Forums. Provide a computer network discussion platform to encourage and manage online text discussions among members of special interest groups. An extension of this concept is known as electronic bulletin boards. Chat Systems. Enable networked users to have real-time text conversations. Electronic Meeting Systems. These systems use networked PCs to facilitate communication and improve efficiency, quality, and creativity in group decision making during business meetings.
- #12: Collaborative work management tools help business professionals accomplish or manage group work activities. These include the following: Calendaring and Scheduling. These tools are used to automatically schedule, notify, and remind members of teams and workgroups of meetings, appointments and other events. Many of these capabilities are provided in office automation packages commonly available; e.g. Microsoft Office Professional. Task and Project Management. These tools are used to manage team and workgroup projects by scheduling, tracking, and charting the completion status of tasks within a project. Most groupware packages also produce charts, like Gantt charts, to help plan and track projects. Workflow Systems. Are used to help knowledge workers collaborate to accomplish and manage the flow of structured work tasks and electronic document processing within a knowledge-based business process. Structured tasks are tasks that involve a set of rules that govern the flow of subtasks and typically involve task information contained in documents. Teaching tip: A good example of a structured task of this kind might be the processing of a tax return. Workflow tools are found in groupware products like Novell GroupWise and Lotus Notes. Knowledge Management. These tools are used to create an organization’s knowledge base. They help to organize and share the diverse forms of business information created within an organization including managing project and enterprise document libraries, discussion databases, hypermedia databases, and other types of knowledge bases. Examples include Livelink and AltaVista.
- #13: Most experts agree that intranets and extranets will become more pervasive in the future. Among the expected trends: Enterprise information portals will become the universal user interface to business information. These portals will serve as front-ends to legacy systems. Web-like networks in the form of intranets, extranets, and the Internet will expand to include cross-platform transaction processing systems. Increased emphasis will be placed on turning information into knowledge. More emphasis will be placed on using the Web to gain or create strategic knowledge; and finally Expansion of extranets will further increase electronic ‘bonding’ between customers and suppliers.