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Chapter 14 wwi
- 1. Chapter 14 WWI Woodrow Wilson was the President He stated to “strike a new note in international affairs and to see that sheer honesty and even unselfishness should prevail over nationalistic self- seeking”. He strongly opposed imperialism
- 2. What was happeningin Europe? • Despite more than 40 years of general peace, tensions among some European nations—England, France and Germany—were building in 1914. Throughout the late 1880’s and early 1900’s, a number of factors created problems among the powers of Europe and set the stage for a monumental war.
- 3. The MAIN reasonsfor war
- 4. Militarism • Building uparms • When Germany stated to modernize its army and navy, England felt it had to do the same . Other major powers followed their lead. • http://youtu.be/D6_r6eB_nQY
- 6. Alliances • Agreements orpromises to defend and help another country. • A series of interlocking allies • When the conflict started, these ties led to the division of Europe into 2 camps • http://youtu.be/UAeMeuuspmk
- 8. Imperialism Trying to buildup an empire. By the 1800’s, Britain and France had colonies in Africa and Asia that provided raw materials and markets for their products. Germany wanted its own colonies and trade
- 10. Nationalism • Having pridein your country, willing to defend it. As well as self-determination-the ability to chose own government
- 11.
- 12. • Historically, theOttoman Empire and the Austro-Hungarian Empire had ruled the Balkans. But as nationalism became a powerful force in the 1800’s, the different national groups—the Serbs, Bosnians, Croats and Slovens-- within these empires began to press for independence. • The first to gain independence were the Serbs—they formed Serbia.
- 14. Russia supported Serbia,BUT Austria- Hungary did not and annexed Bosnia
- 15. The Serbs werefurious-it demonstrated to them that Austria- Hungary had no intention of letting the Slavic people become independent. • So then the archduke of Austria-Hungary Franz Ferdinand visited the Bosnia capital of Sarajevo and was assassinated by a Serbian.
- 16.
- 17. The War Begins •The Austria-Hungary government blamed Serbia so they were going to attack Serbia. • AuHu asked Germany for support • AuHu declared on Serbia • Germany declared war on Russia and France • After Germany crossed through Belgium to France, Britain declared war on German
- 18. The Sides Triple Entente-AlliedPowers Triple Alliance—Central Powers --Germany --Great Britain --Austria-Hungary --France --Italy --Russia (United States)
- 19. American Neutrality • Whenthe fighting began, President Wilson declared the US to be neutral. However, that was difficult to do. • Why????
- 20. • We werea country of immigrants—different opinions. • There were over 8 million Germans living here and over 4.5 million Irish. • Most Americans did side with the Allied Powers. • Propaganda played a very important role. Both sides used propaganda to influence the US to enter on either side.
- 25. Although most supportedthe Allies and hoped for their victory, a series of events gradually eroded American neutrality and drew the nation in to the war firmly on the side of the Allies.
- 26. Unrestricted Submarine Warfare •Shortly after the war began, the British deployed their navy to blockade Germany and keep it from obtaining supplies, as well as plant mines in the North Sea.
- 27. • Germany counteredthat action by deploying its newest vehicle in their navy—the U Boats-short for Unterseeboot—meaning “underwater boat”. They announced that they would attempt to sink without warning any ship they found in the water around Britain.
- 28. Lusitania • On May7, 1915, despite warnings from Germany, the British passenger liner Lusitania entered the war zone. A submerged German submarine fired on the ship, killing nearly 1,200 passengers including 128 Americans. Americans were outraged.
- 29.
- 30. • President Wilsonremained neutral. He sent a diplomatic team to Germany to negotiate terms of unrestricted submarine warfare. The next year Wilson’s policy was tested when another u boat torpedoed the French passenger ship the Sussex. Americans were injured on board. He sent another tam of diplomats to Germany and stated that if Germany does not stop sinking passenger ships, the US would enter the war. Germany agreed to stop
- 31. Four years comeand four years go—another election. “He kept us out of war” Wilson is re-elected
- 32. Zimmerman Letter • Britishintelligence intercepted a telegram from a German official to the German ambassador in Mexico. In it Zimmerman urges Mexico to declare war on the YS and Germany will help it regain lost territory in Texas, New Mexico and Arizona. Americans were furious with Germany. Then in 1917, Germany resumed unrestricted submarine warfare, sinking 6 American merchant ships without warning. • In 1917 Wilson asks Congress to declare war.