Chapter - 16, Sustainable Management of Natural Resources, Science, Class 10
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This document discusses sustainable management of natural resources in India. It covers pollution in the Ganga river from untreated sewage and chemicals which makes the water inhabitable for flora and fauna. It also discusses the need to manage resources due to increasing population demands which are depleting resources at an alarming rate. Specific natural resources discussed include forests, which are biodiversity hotspots, and water. Forest management involves stakeholders like local people, government, and conservationists. Dams generate electricity but also displace people and harm the environment, while water harvesting collects rainwater. Ancient watershed management systems in India included khadins and talabs. Coal and petroleum are non-renewable resources that will run out within 40-200 years
Chapter - 16, Sustainable Management of Natural Resources, Science, Class 10
- 1. CHAPTER – 16 SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES BY SHIVAM PARMAR (ENTREPRENEUR & TEACHER)
- 2. POLLUTION IN GANGA • Dumping of untreated sewage, excreta, and chemicals from industries increases the toxicity of the water. • This makes it inhabitable for the flora and fauna in the river system. • GAP Ganga Action Plan(1985) 2
- 3. FIVE IMPORTANT TERMINOLOGIES Say no to things that are offered to an individual. For Example, an individual say no to buy plastic products.Refuse Minimize the use of anything. For Example,minimize the use of electrical appliancesReduce To use the things again and again is defined as reuse.Reuse When a particular thing cannot be used for a purpose, it can be used for another purpose.Repurpose When the material can be used to make the needed thingsRecycle 3
- 4. WHY DO WE NEED TO MANAGE OUR RESOURCES? • Due to the ever-increasing population and rising demands of changing lifestyles, natural resources are being depleted at an alarming rate. • We must ensure judicious use of our natural resources as it is not unlimited and management of such requires long-term planning in order to last generations. 4
- 5. FORESTS AND WILDLIFE • Forests are termed as biodiversity hotspots. • Biodiversity is defined as different types of organism present on the earth. • Loss of biodiversity may result in loss of ecological balance and damage to the ecosystem. 5
- 6. STAKE HOLDERS A person having interest or concern for something is called as stake holder. Stakeholders of forests : • Local People (dependent on forests for their survival) • Forest Department (Govt. who owns the land and controls resources) • Industrialists (Who use various forest products) • Wildlife enthusiasts (who want to conserve nature) 6
- 7. PEOPLE INTERVENTION IN FORESTS Human intervention is a necessity in the management of forest resources and landscapes. Resources must be utilised to ensure development while preserving the environment. Benefits must go to the local people to ensure economic growth and conservation takes place simultaneously. 7
- 8. Bishnoi community in Rajasthan for saving Khejri trees in Jodhpur Rajasthan. Chipko Andolan - Movement originated in Garhwal in early 1970sthat was the result of a grassroot level effort to end the alienation of people from their forest. One of the most common method of forest conservation is silviculture. It is a method in which trees are grown and cultivated. 8
- 9. SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT Management of resources wisely to make them available for future generations. Water • Water is a basic necessity for all terrestrial forms of life. • Irrigation methods like dams, tanks and canals have been used in various part of India. 9
- 10. DAMS Advantages – • Generate electricity. • Ensures adequate water for irrigation (sufficient to satisfy need). • Continuous supply of water in regions. Disadvantages - • Improper distribution of water. • Large no. of people displaced without compensation. • Causes deforestation and loss of biological diversity. 10
- 11. WATER HARVESTING Collection of rain water and its utilisation for various purposes. Advantages of storing water in the ground : • It does not evaporate. • It spreads out to recharge wells. • It provides moisture for vegetation over a wide area. • It does not provide breeding grounds for mosquitoes. • It is protected from contamination by human and animal waste. 11
- 12. ANCIENT METHOD OF WATERSHED MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Different methods of watershed management system are known since ancient times. One of the method known as Khadins in Rajasthan which consists of a long earthen embankment built across the lower hill slopes. Talabs are other mode of watershed management system known so far. It stores water for drinking and household consumption purposes. Others include kulhs in Himachal Pradesh,,Ahar and Pynes in Bihar, Eris in Tamil Nadu, Bundhis in Madhya Pradesh, Surangams in Kerala etc. 12
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- 14. COAL AND PETROLEUM • Coal and petroleum are non-renewable natural resources. • Coal was formed from the remains of trees buried deep inside the earth some 500 million years ago. • Petroleum is formed by the bacterial decomposition of dead marine plants and animals at the bottom of the seas. • Coal and petroleum are called fossil fuels. • At present rate of usage, petroleum will last us for about 40 years and the coal resources will last for another 200 years. • Harmful effects of using fossil fuels – pollution. 14
- 15. THANK YOU 15