Chemical cell

Chemical cell

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  Electrochemical cell By NarendraSir
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  Electric Current Electronic currentis the flow of electronic charge through a medium. This change is typically carried by moving electrons in a conductor such as wire.
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  Electrochemical cell A cellis a device that converts the stored chemical energy into electrical energy under certain condition. Hence it is also called electro chemical cell. It is an energy storage device.
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  Types of electrochemicalcell • Simple cell (Volta’s cell) • The Leclanche cell • The dry cell • Nickel cadmium cell • The button cell
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  Simple cell (Volta’scell) • Invented in 1799 by Alessandro Volta. • The chemical reaction between sulphuric acid, zinc and copper causes an electric current to flow. • When we convert the wires on both plates, the electrons will move from the zinc plate to the copper plate (electric current will flow).
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  The Leclanche cell •Invented in 1866 by Georges Leclanche. • The cell contained a conducting solution (electrolyte) of ammonium chloride a cathode (positive pole) of carbon. • A mixture of manganese dioxide, and an anode (negative pole) of zinc. • The chemical reaction between manganese dioxide, zinc and ammonium chloride causes an electric current will flow.
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  The Dry cell •Invented in 1888 by Carl Gassner. • It has three components negative electrode (zinc chloride ,ammonium chloride), positive electrode(carbon) and solution. • When we connect the wires on both rods the electrons will moves from zinc rod to carbon rod (electric current will flow). • Dry cells are used in flash lights, hand- held video games devices, cameras and clocks.
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  Nickel cadmium cell •Invented in 1899 by Waldmar Jungner. • In this cell, the metal cadmium (Cd) from the negative pole and nickel (Ni) and the positive pole. • The space between the poles is filled with the alkali potassium hydroxide. • It can be recharged. • The cell is made air tight to prevent both leakage and corrosion in a recharge a battery.
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  The button cell •Invented in 1980 by John Goodenough. • It is also called lithium cell. • It has carbon as its positive pole and lithium iron phosphate as its negative pole. • It is easy to use. • It does not damage to the other delicate parts of the gadget because it does not leak. • It cannot be recharged.
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  Disadvantages/user safety precautions •Store the batteries on cool place. • ESD (Electrostatic Discharge) Bags • Do not put batteries into plastic bags designed to protect component from electrostatic discharge. • Never reverse charge or overcharge with high currents. • Never disassemble a battery and may damage skin and clothes.
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  Acknowledgements • Images –goople.com • Ref - Balbharati text book of SSC board std VIII.