Clap switch
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The document is a project report on a clap switch designed to turn electrical devices on or off by sound, specifically claps. It details the circuit's working principle, components list, advantages, disadvantages, and potential applications. The project was completed by Parth S. Cholera under the supervision of professors at Mumbai University in the academic year 2011-2012.
![A
MINI PROJECT REPORT
ON
CLAP SWITCH
BY
PARTH.S.CHOLERA
Department of Electronics and Tele-communication
2011-12
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![CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that, the project entitled CLAP SWITCH a
bonified record of project work submitted by
PARTH.S.CHOLERA in partial fulfillment for degree in
EXTC, Mumbai University during the year 2011-2012 under
my guidance and supervision.
DATE:
PLACE: Thane
GUIDE HEAD OF DEPARTMENT
(Prof.Pawar) (Prof. A.M.Deshpande)
External Examiner Principal
(Dr.U.D.Kolekar)
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![ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is my great pleasure to acknowledge the assistance and
contribution of the individuals who co-operated us to complete
the project work successfully. First and foremost, I wish to
express my deep gratitude and thanks to Prof.A.M.Deshpande
Head of department of EXTC and our project guide Prof.Pawar,
for their enthusiastic guidance and helping in successful
completion of project work. They provided us their precious
time for valuable suggestions and encouragement throughout the
work. It is foe their patience, guidance and encouragement at all
time that this work has shaped up the way it is.
A project is teamwork and reflects the contribution of many
people. A number people contributed their time and efforts in
making their project work a success. We would like to thank
everyone who contributed their time and efforts to help in
completing the project work.
PARTH.S.CHOLERA
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![TABLE OF CONTENTS
Sr. No. Topic Page no.
1. Introduction 5
2 Block Diagram 6
3. Circuit Diagram 6
4. Working of Circuit 7
5. Component List 8
6. Advantage & Disadvantage 9
7. Application 10
8. Further Modification 10
9. Bibliography 11
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![INTRODUCTION
This is a project on CLAP SWITCH which can switch
on/off any electrical circuit by the sound of the clap.
The basic idea of clap switch is that the electric
microphone picks up the sound of your claps, coughs, and the
sound of that book knocked off the table. It produces a small
electrical signal which is amplified by the succeeding transistor
stage. Two transistors cross connected as a bistable
multivibrator change state at each signal. One of these
transistors drives a heavier transistor which controls a lamp.
This circuit is constructed using basic electronic
components like resistors, transistors, relay, transformer,
capacitors. This circuit turns ‘ON’ light for the first clap. The
light turns ON till the next clap. For the next clap the light turns
OFF. This circuit works with 12V voltage .Therefore a step-
down transformer 12V/300mA is employed.
This working of this circuit is based on amplifying nature
of the transistor, switching nature of transistor, relay as an
electronic switch .Basically, this is a Sound operated switch.
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![CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
BLOCK DIAGRAM
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![WORKING PRINCIPLE
The sound of clap is received by a small microphone that
is shown biased by resistor R1 in the circuit. The microphone
changes sound wave in to electrical wave which is further
amplified by Q1.Transistor Q1 is used as common emitter
circuit to amplify weak signals received by the microphone.
Amplified output from the collector of transistor Q1 is then feed
to the Bistable Multivibrator circuit also known as flip-flop.
Flip flop circuit is made by using 2 Transistor, in our
circuit Q2&Q3. In a flip-flop circuit, at a time only one
transistor conduct and other cut off and when it gets a trigger
pulse from outside source then first transistor is cutoff and 2nd
transistor conducts. Thus output of transistor is either logic-0 or
logic-1 and it remains in one state 0 or 1 until it gets trigger
pulse from outer source.
The pulse of clap which is a trigger for flip-flop which
makes changes to the output which is complementary (reverse).
Output of flip-flop which is in the low current form is unable to
drive relay directly so we have used a current amplifier circuit
by using Q4 which is a common emitter circuit. Output of Q4 is
connected to a Relay (Electromagnetic switch), works like a
mechanical switch. With the help of a relay it is easy for
connecting other electrical appliance.
The relay contact is connected to the power line and hence
turns on/off any electrical appliance connected all the way
through relay.
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![COMPONENT LIST
Resistors
R1= 15KΩ,
R5, R6= 1.5KΩ
R2, R11, R12= 2.2MΩ,
R13= 2.2KΩ
R3= 270KΩ,
R4= 3.3KΩ
R7, R8= 10KΩ,
R9, R10= 27KΩ
Capacitors
C1=1000µf/16v
C2=.01µf,
C3, C4=.047µf
Semiconductor
Q1, Q2, Q3= BC548
Q4= BC368
D2, D3, D4= IN 4148
D1, D5= IN 4007,
Misc
T1= 12v/500mA Transformer
Mic= Condenser Microphone
K1= 12V Relay, B1= Bulb or Load
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![ADVANTAGE
It’s used to turn something (e.g. a lamp) on and off from
any location in the room (e.g. while lying in bed) simply by
clapping your hands.
It involves an elderly.
Also involves mobility-impaired person.
It’s also used for a light, television, radio, or similar
electronic device that the person will want to turn on/off
from bed.
DISADVANTAGE
It cumbersome to have to clap one's hands to turn
something ON or OFF
Also, generally seen as simpler for most use cases to use a
traditional light switch.
Unnecessary disturbances may occur while using in the
Apartments
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![FUTURE SCOPE
We can increase the range of this equipment by using better
Mic.
We can use this as Remote Controller.
APPLICATIONS
Clap switch can be used to switch ON/OFF any electrical
appliances such as
Tube Light,
Fan,
Television,
Air conditioner,
Motor, etc.
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![BIBLOGRAPHY
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_advantages_disa
dvantages_and_applications_of_a_clap_switch#ixzz1cOqY
8QQX
The on-line textbook : Information Theroy, Interference,
and Learning Algorithms,
[Type text] Page 11](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/clapswitch-111122062744-phpapp02/85/Clap-switch-11-320.jpg)
Clap switch
- 1. A MINI PROJECT REPORT ON CLAP SWITCH BY PARTH.S.CHOLERA Department of Electronics and Tele-communication 2011-12 [Type text] Page 1
- 2. CERTIFICATE This is to certify that, the project entitled CLAP SWITCH a bonified record of project work submitted by PARTH.S.CHOLERA in partial fulfillment for degree in EXTC, Mumbai University during the year 2011-2012 under my guidance and supervision. DATE: PLACE: Thane GUIDE HEAD OF DEPARTMENT (Prof.Pawar) (Prof. A.M.Deshpande) External Examiner Principal (Dr.U.D.Kolekar) [Type text] Page 2
- 3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT It is my great pleasure to acknowledge the assistance and contribution of the individuals who co-operated us to complete the project work successfully. First and foremost, I wish to express my deep gratitude and thanks to Prof.A.M.Deshpande Head of department of EXTC and our project guide Prof.Pawar, for their enthusiastic guidance and helping in successful completion of project work. They provided us their precious time for valuable suggestions and encouragement throughout the work. It is foe their patience, guidance and encouragement at all time that this work has shaped up the way it is. A project is teamwork and reflects the contribution of many people. A number people contributed their time and efforts in making their project work a success. We would like to thank everyone who contributed their time and efforts to help in completing the project work. PARTH.S.CHOLERA [Type text] Page 3
- 4. TABLE OF CONTENTS Sr. No. Topic Page no. 1. Introduction 5 2 Block Diagram 6 3. Circuit Diagram 6 4. Working of Circuit 7 5. Component List 8 6. Advantage & Disadvantage 9 7. Application 10 8. Further Modification 10 9. Bibliography 11 [Type text] Page 4
- 5. INTRODUCTION This is a project on CLAP SWITCH which can switch on/off any electrical circuit by the sound of the clap. The basic idea of clap switch is that the electric microphone picks up the sound of your claps, coughs, and the sound of that book knocked off the table. It produces a small electrical signal which is amplified by the succeeding transistor stage. Two transistors cross connected as a bistable multivibrator change state at each signal. One of these transistors drives a heavier transistor which controls a lamp. This circuit is constructed using basic electronic components like resistors, transistors, relay, transformer, capacitors. This circuit turns ‘ON’ light for the first clap. The light turns ON till the next clap. For the next clap the light turns OFF. This circuit works with 12V voltage .Therefore a step- down transformer 12V/300mA is employed. This working of this circuit is based on amplifying nature of the transistor, switching nature of transistor, relay as an electronic switch .Basically, this is a Sound operated switch. [Type text] Page 5
- 6. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM BLOCK DIAGRAM [Type text] Page 6
- 7. WORKING PRINCIPLE The sound of clap is received by a small microphone that is shown biased by resistor R1 in the circuit. The microphone changes sound wave in to electrical wave which is further amplified by Q1.Transistor Q1 is used as common emitter circuit to amplify weak signals received by the microphone. Amplified output from the collector of transistor Q1 is then feed to the Bistable Multivibrator circuit also known as flip-flop. Flip flop circuit is made by using 2 Transistor, in our circuit Q2&Q3. In a flip-flop circuit, at a time only one transistor conduct and other cut off and when it gets a trigger pulse from outside source then first transistor is cutoff and 2nd transistor conducts. Thus output of transistor is either logic-0 or logic-1 and it remains in one state 0 or 1 until it gets trigger pulse from outer source. The pulse of clap which is a trigger for flip-flop which makes changes to the output which is complementary (reverse). Output of flip-flop which is in the low current form is unable to drive relay directly so we have used a current amplifier circuit by using Q4 which is a common emitter circuit. Output of Q4 is connected to a Relay (Electromagnetic switch), works like a mechanical switch. With the help of a relay it is easy for connecting other electrical appliance. The relay contact is connected to the power line and hence turns on/off any electrical appliance connected all the way through relay. [Type text] Page 7
- 8. COMPONENT LIST Resistors R1= 15KΩ, R5, R6= 1.5KΩ R2, R11, R12= 2.2MΩ, R13= 2.2KΩ R3= 270KΩ, R4= 3.3KΩ R7, R8= 10KΩ, R9, R10= 27KΩ Capacitors C1=1000µf/16v C2=.01µf, C3, C4=.047µf Semiconductor Q1, Q2, Q3= BC548 Q4= BC368 D2, D3, D4= IN 4148 D1, D5= IN 4007, Misc T1= 12v/500mA Transformer Mic= Condenser Microphone K1= 12V Relay, B1= Bulb or Load [Type text] Page 8
- 9. ADVANTAGE It’s used to turn something (e.g. a lamp) on and off from any location in the room (e.g. while lying in bed) simply by clapping your hands. It involves an elderly. Also involves mobility-impaired person. It’s also used for a light, television, radio, or similar electronic device that the person will want to turn on/off from bed. DISADVANTAGE It cumbersome to have to clap one's hands to turn something ON or OFF Also, generally seen as simpler for most use cases to use a traditional light switch. Unnecessary disturbances may occur while using in the Apartments [Type text] Page 9
- 10. FUTURE SCOPE We can increase the range of this equipment by using better Mic. We can use this as Remote Controller. APPLICATIONS Clap switch can be used to switch ON/OFF any electrical appliances such as Tube Light, Fan, Television, Air conditioner, Motor, etc. [Type text] Page 10
- 11. BIBLOGRAPHY http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_advantages_disa dvantages_and_applications_of_a_clap_switch#ixzz1cOqY 8QQX The on-line textbook : Information Theroy, Interference, and Learning Algorithms, [Type text] Page 11