class 7 different plant and animals.pptx

• Can photosynthesis take place in other parts of the plant?
• Yes, green stems and branches of the plants can also undergo the process of photosynthesis. For
example, plants in the desert area like cactus have spine like leaves to reduce loss of water by
transpiration,but they still exist there because their green stem produces the food for the plant by
photosynthesis.
Why is the process of photosynthesis important? What will happen in the absence of
photosynthesis?
•There will be no food if the plants would stop conducting the photosynthesis process.
•The plants take in carbon dioxide and produce oxygen during the process of photosynthesis. Hence,
without this process, it would not be possible to survive on earth as there would be no oxygen.
Can leaves which are red or Brown or violet in colour conduct photosynthesis?
Yes, the chlorophyll is also present in leaves that are not green in color. They are of different colours
because the other colour pigments are more than the green colour pigments in such leaves.

Algae contain chlorophyll
Algae are green coloured organisms found in the stagnant water. They get their
green color from chlorophyll. Since they have chlorophyll in them they are
capable of conducting photosynthesis.

How do plants generate proteins and fats? (Synthesis of plant food other than crabohydrates)
•Along with carbohydrates, plants can also produce proteins and fats which are formed with
the help of Nitrogen.
•Nitrogen is present in large amounts in the air but plants cannot consume the nitrogen
directly from the atmosphere.
•The soil often contains some bacteria that are capable of converting the nitrogen into
nitrates which can be the used by the plants.
•Also, fertilizers used by farmers and gardeners contain a high amount of Nitrogen which
mixes into the soil and is used by the plants.

Nutrition in Plants that do not contain Chlorophyll
Many plants do not contain any chlorophyll. Hence they are unable to prepare their food by
themselves. Therefore, they rely on other plants and animals for their food.
Parasitic Plants - Some plants live on
another plant for their nutrition. These are
called parasites. The plants on which these
parasitic plants survive are called the host.
For Example, cuscuta is a parasitic plant.
Are we and other animals also a kind of
parasites?

2. Insectivorous Plants -
Some plants depend upon insects for the food and thus are
called Insectivorous.
The leaves of these plants are modified into a pitcher like structure.
The top part of the leaves acts as a lid which can open and close the
pitcher.
The pitcher contains hair in a downward direction which traps the
insects.
The pitcher on capturing the insect secretes some digestive juices
which help in the digestion of the insect. For Example: and
Nepenthes

We can keep our things safe from fungi
by Keeping them in dry and clean places.
Putting or wrapping them with suitable
materials. Keeping food items in refrigerator
and closing them with proper lids.

Symbiosis - Sometimes organisms live together to share shelter and nutients with each other. This
relationship is called symbiosis
.
Examples of organisms living in a symbiotic relationship:
•Some fungi live in the roots of the trees. These fungi take food from the trees and in return help the
trees in absorbing water and nutrients from the soil.
•Sometimes an organism that contains chlorophyll such as algae lives in association with a fungus
(together called as Lichens). The algae provide food and nutrition to the fungus while the fungus
provides water, minerals and shelter to the algae.

Replenishing the Soil with Nutrients
•Plants get their nutrients from the soil mainly hence there is a need to
replenish the soil again with nutrients so that the plants can survive on
it.
•Fertilizers and manure are often used to replenish the soil with the
nutrients. They contain potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen all of
which are important for the plants.
•A bacterium called Rhizobium is present in the soil which can convert
atmospheric nitrogen present into a usable form that can be consumed
by the plants.
•The rhizobium generally lives in the roots of the plants such as peas,
beans, grams and legumes and provides nitrogen to these plants.In
return the plants provide food and shelter to the bacteria. This again is
an example of a symbiotic relationship.
•The farmers often do not need to use fertilizers while growing
leguminous crops. Give reason

1. Why do organisms take food?
Solution: All organisms need food and utilize it to get energy for growth and maintenance of their
body.
Saprotrophs Parasites
Saprotrophs acquire nutrients
from dead and decaying matter.
Parasites live on a host and
derives nutrition from the host
Example: Fungi Example: Cuscuta
2. Distinguish between a parasite and a saprotroph.
Solution:

3. How would you test the presence of starch in leaves?
Solution:
Take two potted plants of the same kind. Keep one in the dark for 72 hours and the other in the sunlight.
Perform the iodine test with the leaves of both plants .
Iodine test:
Put iodine solution on the leaf.
Observation:
Blue-black colour will be observed on the leaves of the plant kept in sunlight, which indicates the
presence of starch.
Blue-black colour will not be observed on the leaves of plants kept in the darkroom. This indicates the
absence of starch.

4. Give a brief description of the process of synthesis of food in green plants.
Solution:
Green plants use a process called photosynthesis to prepare their food. The
process is as follows
•Water is absorbed the roots of the plant, and it is transported to the leaves by
the vessels.
•Carbon dioxide from the air enters the leaves through pores called stomata.
•Chlorophyll present in the leaves captures the energy of sunlight.
•During photosynthesis, chlorophyll containing cells of leaves, in the
presence of sunlight, use carbon dioxide and water to synthesize carbohydrates.

5. Show with the help of a sketch that plants are the ultimate source of food.
Solution:

6. Fill in the blanks.
(a) Green plants are called _________________ since they synthesise their own food.
(b) The food synthesised by plants is stored as _________________.
(c) In photosynthesis, solar energy is absorbed by the pigment called ___________.
(d) During photosynthesis, plants take in ______________________ and release __________________ gas.
Solution:
(a) Green plants are called autotrophs since they synthesise their food.
(b) The food synthesised by plants is stored as starch.
(c) In photosynthesis, solar energy is absorbed by the pigment called chlorophyll.
(d) During photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen gas.

7. Name the following.
i) A parasitic plant with a yellow, slender and branched stem.
ii) A plant that is partially autotrophic.
iii) Pitcher plant
iii) The pores through which leaves exchange gases.
Stomata
i) Cuscuta
8. Tick the correct answer.
(a) Cuscuta is an example of:
(i) autotroph
(ii) parasite
(iii) saprotroph
(iv) Host
(b) The plant which traps and feeds on insects is:
(i) Cuscuta
(ii) China rose
(iii) pitcher plant
(iv) rose

Column-I Column-II
Chlorophyll Rhizobium
Nitrogen Heterotrophs
Cuscuta Pitcher plant
Animals Leaf
Insects Parasite
9. Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II.

10. Mark ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ if it is false.
(i) Carbon dioxide is released during photosynthesis. (T/F)
(ii) Plants which synthesise their food are called saprotrophs. (T/F)
(iii) The product of photosynthesis is not a protein. (T/F)
(iv) Solar energy is converted into chemical energy during photosynthesis. (T/F)
11. Choose the correct option from the following:
Which part of the plant takes in carbon dioxide from the air for photosynthesis?
(i) Root hair (ii) Stomata (iii) Leaf veins (iv) Petals
12. Choose the correct option from the following:
Plants take carbon dioxide from the atmosphere mainly through their:
(i) roots (ii) stem (iii) flowers (iv) leaves

13. Why do farmers grow many fruits and vegetable crops inside large
greenhouses? What are the advantages to the farmers?
Solution:
Fruits and vegetable crops are grown in large greenhouses because it protects
crops from external climatic conditions and provides suitable temperature for the
growth of crops.
Advantages to farmers while growing fruits and vegetable crops inside
greenhouses are
•It protects crops from diseases and adverse climatic conditions.
•It protects crops from wind and rodents

Class test – 1. Nutrition In Plants
1) Distinguish between a parasite and a saprotroph (1)
2) What is symbiosis? Give an example. (2)
3) Organisms which prepare food for themselves using simple, naturally
available raw materials are referred to as ----------(1)
4) The term that is used for the mode of nutrition in yeast, mushroom and
bread-mould is -----------(1)
5) Correct the statement (2)
a) Stomata absorb sunlight for photosynthesis.
b) Insectivorous plants are autotrophic.
6) Give a brief description of the process of synthesis of food in green
plants.(3)

class 7 different plant and animals.pptx

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