Classes and Inheritance

The document discusses object-oriented programming concepts like classes, inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation. Some key points: - Classes can inherit properties and behaviors from base classes via inheritance, allowing for code reuse. Derived classes extend and modify an existing base class. - Polymorphism allows different classes to respond to the same method differently at runtime depending on an object's type, via virtual functions. - Encapsulation hides the internal implementation details of a class and only exposes functionality through the class interface, allowing classes to change without affecting other code.