Classes and Objects in C#
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A class defines the data and behavior of a type by grouping together variables, methods, and events. It supports encapsulation by allowing fields and methods to be declared as instance or static members. A class is declared using the class keyword followed by the class name and body surrounded by curly braces. Objects are instances of a class that can access members using the dot operator. Constructors are special methods that initialize an object when created with the new operator.
Classes and Objects in C#
- 3. A class is a construct that enables you to create your own custom types by grouping together variables of other types, methods and events. It defines the data and behavior of a type. Supports the OOP principle "encapsulation“ Fields and methods can be:: Instance (or object members) Static (or class members)
- 4. Class definition consists of Class declaration Data Fields Constructors Properties Methods class test{ public int a = 5, b = 10; public void mul(){ Console.Write("The Result of Multiply is = {0}", a * b); Console.ReadLine(); }}
- 5. Classes Classes are declared by using the keyword class followed by the class name and a set of class members surrounded by curly braces { }. class House { Body ... }
- 6. Basic syntax for class declaration Class comprises a class header and class body. class class_name { class body } Note: No semicolon (;) to terminate class block. But statements must be terminated with a semicolon ;
- 7. In C#, individual classes and class members need to be prefixed with visibility modifiers. By default, if you declare a member variable (or anything else) in a class but do not specify its access level, the member is considered private and cannot be accessed from outside, i.e. by a non-member of that class. Therefore, to make a member accessible by other classes, you must declare it as public.
- 8. Object is an abstraction of real world entity. Syntax for declaring objects is as follows : MyClass objMyClass = new MyClass();
- 9. It can have its own copy of data members. It can be passed to a function like normal variables. The members of the class can accessed by the object using the object to member access operator or dot operator(.).
- 10. Create Object Call function and variables with the help of object MyClass objMyClass = new MyClass(); objMycClass.function_name(); objMycClass.variable;
- 11. Constructors public MyClass(parameters) {...} • new operator – create an instance of the class MyClass objMyClass = new MyClass(); public Person() { name = null; age = 0; }
- 12. class testt{ public static int a = 5, b = 10; public static void mul(){ Console.Write("The Result of Multiply is = {0}", a * b); Console.ReadLine(); }}
- 13. MyClass objMyClass1 = new MyClass(); objMycClass1.function_name(); MyClass objMyClass2 = new MyClass(); objMycClass2.function_name(); MyClass.function_name();