Classifications of wireless adhoc networks
- 1. Dr.Arun Chokkalingam Professor Department of Electronics and Communication RMK College of Engineering and Technology AD HOC NETWORKS – CLASSIFICATIONS OF WIRELESS ADHOC NETWORKS
- 2. Ad hoc Ad hoc –Means “When necessary or needed. “Ad hoc- refers to something that has been created for a specific purpose or goal, often existing only until the goal has been achieved.”
- 3. Wireless Networks Two types : 1. Infrastructure based • fixed infrastructure Available • Base station or assess points are fixed and centralized • Exp: WLAN, cellular networks.. 2. Infrastructure less • No centralized access point • Exp: Ad Hoc networks
- 4. Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks • Multi hop network that does not require any fixed infrastructure • Peer nodes take part in transmitting packets / information • Self –organizing and self-configuring • Situation in which useful: • Need to setup network fast, e.g. Time of emergency, relief operations. • No access to network infrastructure • Not much planning can be afforded to setup the network
- 5. Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks • Depending on topology and deployment, Ad hoc network may be classified as: • Homogeneous • Consists of nodes having similar capabilities • EXP: network formed of only smart phones • Heterogeneous • Consists of nodes with different capabilities • Exp: network formed of PCs, Smartphone and Tablets.
- 6. General concepts • Adhoc networks are type of distributed wireless networks • Adhoc network operate in TDD (time division duplex) mode. • It is not possible to receive and transmit at the same time instant.
- 7. Cont • Neighbor nodes communicate with one another using single hop wireless technology like Bluetooth, ZigBee and IEEE 802.11 (Adhoc mode) • Node which are distant from each other( outside direct transmission range of each other) communication using a sequence of intermediate nodes which cooperate to forward the traffic to the destination (Multi hop).
- 8. Enabling Technologies • Basic building blocks of Ad hoc network communications the enable single hop communication between devices in the direct communication range of each other
- 9. Enabling Technologies Technology Application focus Data rate Range Configuration Other features ZigBee Home Automation Up to 250 Kbps 10m to 100m Master slave (up to 256 devices) peer to peer ) Long battery Bluetooth (Personal Area Network PAN) Wireless alternative to RS-232 cable 1Mbps 100m 8 active devices Authentication encryption Mobile Adhoc IEEE 802.11 Single hop Adhoc network 54Mbps 100-200m Peer to peer Inexpensive hardware
- 10. Classifications of wireless Adhoc Networks 1. Wireless Adhoc Networks (WMN)- (Pure Adhoc consist of stationary nodes ) 2. Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANET) 3. Vehicular Adhoc Networks (VANET) 4. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN)
- 11. 2.Mobile Adhoc Network • Infrastructure less network of mobile device connected wirelessly which follow the self CHOP properties • Self configure • Self Heal • Self optimization • Self protect • Highly dynamic topology which frequent link changes • Nodes act as routers to forward other nodes packets • MANETs enable spatial spectrum re-use due to limited bandwidth of each nodes
- 12. Vehicular AD HOC Networks
- 13. 3.Vehicular A HOC Networks • Advantages and applications of VANETs • Co-operation driving • Information sharing and media streaming • Components of VANETs • On Board Unit (OBU)- responsible for data collection from different sensors and communication with other OBUs(Vehicular). • Road Side Unit (RSU) – infrastructure which enables communication to the outside network • Supports multi hop communication between vehicles • Consists of both inter vehicle (V2V) communication and vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) communication
- 14. MANET Vs VANET Metric MANET VANET Cost of deployment Comparatively cheap Comparatively high Mobility Low Very high Range 100m 1000m Partitioning of network Low Frequent Mode of operation Infrastructure less Both infrastructure and infrastructure less Movement pattern of nodes Random Constrained by road
- 16. Wireless Sensor Networks in Agriculture applications
- 17. Wireless Sensor networks • Consists of a large number of sensor nodes, densely deployed over an area. • Sensor nodes are capable of collaborating with one another and measuring the condition of their surrounding environments(i.e. light temperature , sound , vibration). • Due to the fact that the sensor nodes in WSN have short radio transmission range , intermediate nodes act as relay nodes to transmit data towards the sink node using a multi hop path. • Must consume extremely low power • WSNs can be either mobile or stationary.
- 18. Applications of WSNs include • Temperature measurement • Humidity level • Lighting condition • Air pressure • Soil makeup • Noise level • Vibration
- 20. Wireless Mesh Network • Composed of mesh routers and mesh clients • WMN have multiple redundant link in the network. Upon link failure traffic is routed through alternate links. This increases robustness of the network • Integration and interoperation with older networks can be easily achieved since WMNs are IP based. • Application scenarios include broadband home network, enterprise network , metropolitan area networks, Building automation, transportation system etc.