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Clean Code. An Agile Guide to Software Craft Kameron H.
Clean Code: An Agile Guide to Software Craft
Kameron Hussain and Frahaan Hussain
Published by Sonar Publishing, 2023.
While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the
publisher assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions, or for
damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein.
CLEAN CODE: AN AGILE GUIDE TO SOFTWARE CRAFT
First edition. October 15, 2023.
Copyright © 2023 Kameron Hussain and Frahaan Hussain.
Written by Kameron Hussain and Frahaan Hussain.
Table of Contents
Title Page
Copyright Page
Clean Code: An Agile Guide to Software Craft
Chapter 1: Clean Code
Chapter 2: Meaningful Names
Chapter 3: Functions
Chapter 4: Comments
Chapter 5: Formatting
Chapter 6: Objects and Data Structures
Chapter 7: Error Handling
Chapter 8: Boundaries
Chapter 9: Unit Tests
Chapter 10: Classes
Chapter 13: Concurrency
Chapter 15: JUnit Internals
Chapter 19: Appendix B: Decimal I/O
Chapter 20: Appendix C: How to Transform Employee
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Clean Code
1.1 What Is Clean Code?
The Benefits of Clean Code
Characteristics of Clean Code
1.2 Why Does Clean Code Matter?
1.2.1 Readability and Understanding
1.2.2 Maintainability
1.2.3 Debugging and Error Detection
1.2.4 Collaboration
1.2.5 Code Reviews and Quality Assurance
1.2.6 Long-Term Sustainability
1.3 The Principles of Clean Code
1.3.1 DRY (Don’t Repeat Yourself) Principle
1.3.2 SRP (Single Responsibility Principle)
1.3.3 KISS (Keep It Simple, Stupid) Principle
1.3.4 YAGNI (You Ain’t Gonna Need It) Principle
1.4 A Case for Software Craftsmanship
1.4.1 Beyond Functional Code
1.4.2 Code as a Reflection of Thought
1.4.3 Continuous Improvement
1.4.4 Attention to Detail
1.4.5 Code That Stands the Test of Time
1.4.6 Pride in Work
1.4.7 Collaboration and Mentorship
1.4.8 Balancing Pragmatism and Perfection
1.5 How Clean Code Enhances Agile Development
1.5.1 Readability and Adaptability
1.5.2 Continuous Integration and Delivery
1.5.3 Collaboration and Code Reviews
1.5.4 Test-Driven Development (TDD)
1.5.5 Agile Refactoring
1.5.6 Reduced Technical Debt
1.5.7 Empowering Cross-Functional Teams
Chapter 2: Meaningful Names
2.1 The Importance of Good Names
2.1.1 Readability and Comprehensibility
2.1.2 Documentation Through Naming
2.1.3 Maintainability
2.1.4 Reducing Cognitive Load
2.1.5 Consistency and Conventions
2.2 Choosing Descriptive and Pronounceable Names
2.2.1 Descriptive Names
2.2.2 Pronounceable Names
2.2.3 Meaningful Variable Names
2.2.4 Method and Function Names
2.2.5 Class and Object Names
2.3 Avoiding Disinformation and Misleading Names
2.3.1 Misleading Names Can Be Dangerous
2.3.2 Be Precise and Specific
2.3.3 Be Wary of Abbreviations and Acronyms
2.3.4 Consistency Matters
2.3.5 Use Domain-Specific Language
2.3.6 Seek Feedback
2.4 Using Names that Reveal Intent
2.4.1 Code as Documentation
2.4.2 Intent-Driven Naming
2.4.3 Choose Verbs and Nouns Thoughtfully
2.4.4 Avoid Generic Names
2.4.5 Maintainability and Understanding
2.4.6 Refactoring with Confidence
2.5 Making Meaningful Distinctions in Names
2.5.1 Avoid Ambiguity
2.5.2 Use Context for Distinctions
2.5.3 Add Qualifiers
2.5.4 Avoid Overloading Names
2.5.5 Maintain a Consistent Approach
2.5.6 Prioritize Clarity
Chapter 3: Functions
3.1 The Role of Functions in Clean Code
3.1.1 Functions as Abstractions
3.1.2 Small and Focused Functions
3.1.3 Function Names and Readability
3.1.4 Function Arguments and Side Effects
3.1.5 Encapsulation and Reusability
3.2 Small and Focused Functions
3.2.1 The Single Responsibility Principle (SRP)
3.2.2 Benefits of Small and Focused Functions
3.2.3 Guidelines for Creating Small and Focused Functions
3.3 Function Arguments and Side Effects
3.3.1 Minimizing Function Arguments
3.3.2 Minimizing Side Effects
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3.3.3 Emphasizing Pure Functions
3.3.4 Function Signatures and Documentation
3.3.5 Achieving Clean and Predictable Code
3.4 Command Query Separation
3.4.1 Commands
3.4.2 Queries
3.4.3 Benefits of CQS
3.4.4 CQS in Practice
3.5 Error Handling in Functions
3.5.1 The Nature of Errors
3.5.2 Error Handling Strategies
3.5.3 Using Exceptions for Error Handling
3.5.4 Wrapping External Dependencies
3.5.5 Avoiding Null References
Chapter 4: Comments
4.1 When to Write Comments
4.1.1 Providing Clarification
4.1.2 Documenting Intent
4.1.3 Explaining Non-Obvious Decisions
4.1.4 Describing Complex Algorithms
4.1.5 Warning about Known Issues
4.1.6 Keeping Comments Up-to-Date
4.2 Good Comments vs. Bad Comments
4.2.1 Good Comments
4.2.2 Bad Comments
4.2.3 Principles for Effective Comments
4.3 Writing Self-Explanatory Code
4.3.1 Meaningful Variable and Function Names
4.3.2 Consistent Naming Conventions
4.3.3 Avoiding Magic Numbers and Strings
4.3.4 Clear and Logical Code Structure
4.3.5 Avoiding Nested and Complex Conditionals
4.3.6 Documentation as a Supplement
4.3.7 Code Reviews and Collaboration
4.4 Using Comments to Clarify Intent
4.4.1 Explaining Design Decisions
4.4.2 Documenting Algorithm Insights
4.4.3 Warning About Side Effects
4.4.4 Temporary Workarounds
4.4.5 Historical Context
4.4.6 Best Practices for Comment Clarity
4.5 Avoiding Redundant Comments
4.5.1 Redundant Comments Defined
4.5.2 The Problem with Redundant Comments
4.5.3 When Are Comments Redundant?
4.5.4 Guidelines for Reducing Redundant Comments
Chapter 5: Formatting
5.1 Code Formatting and Readability
5.1.1 The Significance of Code Formatting
5.1.2 Consistency Matters
5.1.3 Code Formatting Tools
5.1.4 Comments and Formatting
5.1.5 Practical Tips for Code Formatting
5.2 The Importance of Consistency
5.2.1 Consistency in Indentation
5.2.2 Consistency in Spacing
5.2.3 Consistency in Naming Conventions
5.2.4 Consistency Across the Codebase
5.2.5 Benefits of Consistency
5.3 Horizontal Formatting
5.3.1 Line Length
5.3.2 Alignment
5.3.3 Operators and Indentation
5.3.4 Long Function Calls
5.3.5 Practical Tips for Horizontal Formatting
5.4 Vertical Formatting
5.4.1 Logical Grouping
5.4.2 Readable Sections
5.4.3 Vertical Density
5.4.4 Limited Function and Method Length
5.4.5 Practical Tips for Vertical Formatting
5.5 Comments and Formatting
5.5.1 When to Write Comments
5.5.2 Good Comments vs. Bad Comments
5.5.3 Writing Self-Explanatory Code
5.5.4 Avoiding Redundant Comments
5.5.5 Comment Formatting
5.5.6 Commenting for Future Developers
5.5.7 Documentation Tools
5.5.8 Practical Tips for Commenting
Chapter 6: Objects and Data Structures
6.1 Objects vs. Data Structures
6.1.1 Objects
6.1.2 Data Structures
6.1.3 Strengths of Objects
6.1.4 Strengths of Data Structures
6.1.5 Choosing Between Objects and Data Structures
6.2 The Law of Demeter
6.2.1 Understanding the Law of Demeter
6.2.2 Benefits of the Law of Demeter
6.2.3 Applying the Law of Demeter
6.3 Data Transfer Objects (DTOs)
6.3.1 Purpose of Data Transfer Objects
6.3.2 Characteristics of Data Transfer Objects
6.3.3 Example of Data Transfer Objects
6.3.4 Drawbacks and Considerations
6.4 Active Objects
6.4.1 Key Concepts of Active Objects
6.4.2 Use Cases for Active Objects
6.4.3 Implementing Active Objects
6.4.4 Benefits and Considerations
6.5 Hiding Implementation Details
6.5.1 Benefits of Hiding Implementation Details
6.5.2 Techniques for Hiding Implementation Details
6.5.3 When to Hide Implementation Details
Chapter 7: Error Handling
7.1 The Nature of Errors
7.1.1 Types of Errors
7.1.2 The Impact of Errors
7.1.3 The Importance of Error Handling
7.1.4 Strategies for Error Handling
7.2 Error Handling Strategies
7.2.1 Defensive Programming
7.2.2 Exception Handling
7.2.3 Return Values and Error Codes
7.2.4 Graceful Degradation
7.2.5 Testing and Validation
7.3 Using Exceptions for Error Handling
7.3.1 How Exceptions Work
7.3.2 Advantages of Exception Handling
7.3.3 Best Practices for Exception Handling
7.3.4 Handling Checked vs. Unchecked Exceptions
7.3.5 Exception Handling in Multithreaded Environments
7.3.6 Using Exception Handling Frameworks
7.4 Wrapping External Dependencies
7.4.1 The Challenges of External Dependencies
7.4.2 Wrapping External Dependencies
7.4.3 Benefits of Wrapping External Dependencies
7.4.4 Creating Custom Exception Types
7.4.5 Logging and Monitoring
7.4.6 Graceful Degradation
7.4.7 Documentation
7.5 Avoiding Null References
7.5.1 The Problem with Null References
7.5.2 Techniques for Avoiding Null References
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.... copies of Ten-Cent Hand Books,
Nos............................
Name ............ Street and No.......... Town
........ State ......
WILD WEST WEEKLY
A Magazine Containing Stories, Sketches, etc., of Western Life.
BY AN OLD SCOUT.
DO NOT FAIL TO READ IT.
32 PAGES. PRICE 5 CENTS. 32 PAGES.
EACH NUMBER IN A HANDSOME COLORED COVER.
All of these exciting stories are founded on facts. Young Wild West is
a hero with whom the author was acquainted. His daring deeds and
thrilling adventures have never been surpassed. They form the base
of the most dashing stories ever published.
Read the following numbers of this most interesting magazine and
be convinced:
1 Young Wild West, The Prince of the Saddle.
2 Young Wild West’s Luck; or, Striking it Rich at the Hills.
3 Young Wild West’s Victory; or, The Road Agents’ Last Hold-up.
4 Young Wild West’s Pluck; or, Bound to Beat the Bad Men.
5 Young Wild West’s Best Shot; or, The Rescue of Arietta.
6 Young Wild West at Devil Creek; or, Helping to Boom a New
Town.
7 Young Wild West’s Surprise; or, The Indian Chief’s Legacy.
8 Young Wild West Missing; or, Saved by an Indian Princess.
9 Young Wild West and the Detective; or, The Red Riders of the
Range.
10 Young Wild West at the Stake; or, The Jealousy of Arietta.
11 Young Wild West’s Nerve; or, The Nine Golden Bullets.
12 Young Wild West and the Tenderfoot; or, A New Yorker in the
West.
13 Young Wild West’s Triumph; or, Winning Against Great Odds.
14 Young Wild West’s Strategy; or, The Comanche Chief’s Last
Raid.
15 Young Wild West’s Grit; or, The Ghost of Gauntlet Gulch.
16 Young Wild West’s Big Day; or, The Double Wedding at
Weston.
17 Young Wild West’s Great Scheme; or, The Building of a
Railroad.
18 Young Wild West and the Train Robbers; or, The Hunt for the
Stolen Treasure.
19 Young Wild West on His Mettle; or, Four Against Twenty.
20 Young Wild West’s Ranch; or, The Renegades of Riley’s Run.
21 Young Wild West on the Trail; or, Outwitting the Redskins.
22 Young Wild West’s Bargain; or, A Red Man With a White
Heart.
23 Young Wild West’s Vacation; or, A Lively Time at Roaring
Ranch.
24 Young Wild West On His Muscle; or, Fighting With Nature’s
Weapons.
25 Young Wild West’s Mistake; or, Losing a Hundred Thousand.
26 Young Wild West In Deadwood; or, The Terror of Taper Top.
27 Young Wild West’s Close Call; or, The Raiders of Raw Hide
Ridge.
28 Young Wild West Trapped; or, The Net That Would Not Hold
Him.
FOR SALE BY ALL NEWSDEALERS, OR WILL BE SENT TO ANY
ADDRESS
ON RECEIPT OF PRICE, 5 CENTS PER COPY. BY
FRANK TOUSEY, Publisher, 24 Union Square, New York.
IF YOU WANT ANY BACK NUMBERS
of our Libraries and cannot procure them from newsdealers, they
can be obtained from this office direct. Cut out and fill in the
following Order Blank and send it to us with the price of the books
you want and we will send them to you by return mail.
POSTAGE STAMPS TAKEN THE SAME AS MONEY.
FRANK TOUSEY, Publisher, 24 Union Square, New
York. ........ 190
Dear Sir—Enclosed find .... cents for which please
send me:
.... copies of WORK AND WIN,
Nos........................................
.... copies of WILD WEST WEEKLY,
Nos....................................
.... copies of FRANK READE WEEKLY,
Nos..................................
.... copies of PLUCK AND LUCK,
Nos......................................
.... copies of SECRET SERVICE,
Nos......................................
.... copies of THE LIBERTY BOYS OF ‘76,
Nos.............................
.... copies of Ten-Cent Hand Books,
Nos.................................
Name ................ Street and No............
Town ........ State ....
THE STAGE.
No. 41. THE BOYS OF NEW YORK END MEN’S JOKE BOOK.—
Containing a great variety of the latest jokes used by the
most famous end men. No amateur minstrels is complete
without this wonderful little book.
No. 42. THE BOYS OF NEW YORK STUMP SPEAKER.—
Containing a varied assortment of stump speeches, Negro,
Dutch and Irish. Also end men’s jokes. Just the thing for
home amusement and amateur shows.
No. 45. THE BOYS OF NEW YORK MINSTREL GUIDE AND JOKE
BOOK.—Something new and very instructive. Every boy
should obtain this book, as it contains full instructions for
organizing an amateur minstrel troupe.
No. 65. MULDOON’S JOKES.—This is one of the most original
Joke books ever published, and it is brimful of wit and
humor. It contains a large collection of songs, jokes,
conundrums, etc., of Terrence Muldoon, the great wit,
humorist, and practical joker of the day. Every boy who can
enjoy a good substantial joke should obtain a copy
immediately.
No. 79. HOW TO BECOME AN ACTOR.—Containing complete
instructions how to make up for various characters on the
stage; together with the duties of the Stage Manager,
Prompter, Scenic Artist and Property Man. By a prominent
Stage Manager.
No. 80. GUS WILLIAMS’ JOKE BOOK.—Containing the latest
jokes, anecdotes and funny stories of this world-renowned
and ever popular German comedian. Sixty-four pages;
handsome colored cover containing a half-tone photo of
the author.
HOUSEKEEPING.
No. 16. HOW TO KEEP A WINDOW GARDEN.—Containing full
instructions for constructing a window garden either in
town or country, and the most approved methods for
raising beautiful flowers at home. The most complete book
of the kind ever published.
No. 30. HOW TO COOK.—One of the most instructive books on
cooking ever published. It contains recipes for cooking
meats, fish, game, and oysters; also pies, puddings, cakes
and all kinds of pastry, and a grand collection of recipes by
one of our most popular cooks.
No. 37. HOW TO KEEP HOUSE.—It contains information for
everybody, boys, girls, men and women: it will teach you
how to make almost anything around the house, such as
parlor ornaments, brackets, cements, Æolian harps, and
bird lime for catching birds.
ELECTRICAL.
No. 46. HOW TO MAKE AND USE ELECTRICITY.—A description
of the wonderful uses of electricity and electro magnetism;
together with full instructions for making Electric Toys,
Batteries, etc. By George Trebel, A. M., M. D. Containing
over fifty illustrations.
No. 64. HOW TO MAKE ELECTRICAL MACHINES.—Containing
full directions for making electrical machines, induction
coils, dynamos, and many novel toys to be worked by
electricity. By R. A. R. Bennett. Fully illustrated.
No. 67. HOW TO DO ELECTRICAL TRICKS.—Containing a large
collection of instructive and highly amusing electrical tricks,
together with illustrations. By A. Anderson.
ENTERTAINMENT.
No. 9. HOW TO BECOME A VENTRILOQUIST.—By Harry
Kennedy. The secret given away. Every intelligent boy
reading this book of instructions, by a practical professor
(delighting multitudes every night with his wonderful
imitations), can master the art and create any amount of
fun for himself and friends. It is the greatest book ever
published, and there’s millions (of fun) in it.
No. 20. HOW TO ENTERTAIN AN EVENING PARTY.—A very
valuable little book just published. A complete compendium
of games, sports, card diversions, comic recitations, etc.,
suitable for parlor or drawing-room entertainment. It
contains more for the money than any book published.
No. 35. HOW TO PLAY GAMES.—A complete and useful little
book, containing the rules and regulations of billiards,
bagatelle, backgammon, croquet, dominoes, etc.
No. 36. HOW TO SOLVE CONUNDRUMS.—Containing all the
leading conundrums of the day, amusing riddles, curious
catches and witty sayings.
No. 52. HOW TO PLAY CARDS.—A complete and handy little
book, giving the rules and full directions for playing Euchre,
Cribbage, Casino, Forty-Five, Rounce, Pedro Sancho, Draw
Poker, Auction Pitch. All Fours, and many other popular
games of cards.
No. 66. HOW TO DO PUZZLES.—Containing over three hundred
interesting puzzles and conundrums, with key to same. A
complete book. Fully illustrated. By A. Anderson.
ETIQUETTE.
No. 13. HOW TO DO IT; OR, BOOK OF ETIQUETTE.—It is a
great life secret, and one that every young man desires to
know all about. There’s happiness in it.
No. 33. HOW TO BEHAVE.—Containing the rules and etiquette
of good society and the easiest and most approved
methods of appearing to good advantage at parties, balls,
the theatre, church, and in the drawing-room.
DECLAMATION.
No. 27. HOW TO RECITE AND BOOK OF RECITATIONS.—
Containing the most popular selections in use, comprising
Dutch dialect, French dialect, Yankee and Irish dialect
pieces, together with many standard readings.
No. 31. HOW TO BECOME A SPEAKER.—Containing fourteen
illustrations, giving the different positions requisite to
become a good speaker, reader and elocutionist. Also
containing gems from all the popular authors of prose and
poetry, arranged in the most simple and concise manner
possible.
No. 49. HOW TO DEBATE.—Giving rules for conducting debates,
outlines for debates, questions for discussion, and the best
sources for procuring information on the questions given.
SOCIETY.
No. 3. HOW TO FLIRT.—The arts and wiles of flirtation are fully
explained by this little book. Besides the various methods
of handkerchief, fan, glove, parasol, window and hat
flirtation, it contains a full list of the language and
sentiment of flowers, which is interesting to everybody,
both old and young. You cannot be happy without one.
No. 4. HOW TO DANCE is the title of a new and handsome little
book just issued by Frank Tousey. It contains full
instructions in the art of dancing, etiquette in the ball-room
and at parties, how to dress, and full directions for calling
off in all popular square dances.
No. 5. HOW TO MAKE LOVE.—A complete guide to love,
courtship and marriage, giving sensible advice, rules and
etiquette to be observed, with many curious and
interesting things not generally known.
No. 17. HOW TO DRESS.—Containing full instruction in the art
of dressing and appearing well at home and abroad, giving
the selections of colors, material, and how to have them
made up.
No. 18. HOW TO BECOME BEAUTIFUL.—One of the brightest
and most valuable little books ever given to the world.
Everybody wishes to know how to become beautiful, both
male and female. The secret is simple, and almost costless.
Read this book and be convinced how to become beautiful.
BIRDS AND ANIMALS.
No. 7. HOW TO KEEP BIRDS.—Handsomely illustrated and
containing full instructions for the management and
training of the canary, mockingbird, bobolink, blackbird,
paroquet, parrot, etc.
No. 39. HOW TO RAISE DOGS, POULTRY, PIGEONS AND
RABBITS.—A useful and instructive book. Handsomely
illustrated. By Ira Drofraw.
No. 40. HOW TO MAKE AND SET TRAPS.—Including hints on
how to catch moles, weasels, otter, rats, squirrels and
birds. Also how to cure skins. Copiously illustrated. By J.
Harrington Keene.
No. 50. HOW TO STUFF BIRDS AND ANIMALS.—A valuable
book, giving instructions in collecting, preparing, mounting
and preserving birds, animals and insects.
No. 54. HOW TO KEEP AND MANAGE PETS.—Giving complete
information as to the manner and method of raising,
keeping, taming, breeding, and managing all kinds of pets:
also giving full instructions for making cages, etc. Fully
explained by twenty-eight illustrations, making it the most
complete book of the kind ever published.
MISCELLANEOUS.
No. 8. HOW TO BECOME A SCIENTIST.—A useful and instructive
book, giving a complete treatise on chemistry; also
experiments in acoustics, mechanics, mathematics,
chemistry, and directions for making fireworks, colored
fires, and gas balloons. This book cannot be equaled.
No. 14. HOW TO MAKE CANDY.—A complete hand-book for
making all kinds of candy, ice-cream, syrups, essences,
etc., etc.
No. 19.—FRANK TOUSEY’S UNITED STATES DISTANCE TABLES,
POCKET COMPANION AND GUIDE.—Giving the official
distances on all the railroads of the United States and
Canada. Also table of distances by water to foreign ports,
hack fares in the principal cities, reports of the census,
etc., etc., making it one of the most complete and handy
books published.
No. 38. HOW TO BECOME YOUR OWN DOCTOR.—A wonderful
book, containing useful and practical information in the
treatment of ordinary diseases and ailments common to
every family. Abounding in useful and effective recipes for
general complaints.
No. 55. HOW TO COLLECT STAMPS AND COINS.—Containing
valuable information regarding the collecting and arranging
of stamps and coins. Handsomely illustrated.
No. 58. HOW TO BE A DETECTIVE.—By Old King Brady the
world-known detective. In which he lays down some
valuable and sensible rules for beginners, and also relates
some adventures and experiences of well-known
detectives.
No. 60. HOW TO BECOME A PHOTOGRAPHER.—Containing
useful information regarding the Camera and how to work
it also how to make Photographic Magic Lantern Slides and
other Transparencies. Handsomely illustrated. By Captain
W. De W. Abney.
No. 62. HOW TO BECOME A WEST POINT MILITARY CADET.—
Containing full explanations how to gain admittance,
course of Study, Examinations, Duties, Staff of Officers,
Post Guard, Police Regulations, Fire Department, and all a
boy should know to be a Cadet. Compiled and written by
Lu Senarens, author of “How to Become a Naval Cadet.”
No. 63. HOW TO BECOME A NAVAL CADET.—Complete
Instructions of how to gain admission to the Annapolis
Navy Academy. Also containing the course of instruction,
description of grounds and buildings, historical sketch, and
everything a boy should know to become an officer in the
United States Navy. Compiled and written by Lu Senarens,
author of “How to Become a West Point Military Cadet.”
PRICE 10 CENTS EACH, OR 3 FOR 25 CENTS.
Address FRANK TOUSEY, Publisher, 24 Union Square, New York.
FRANK READE
WEEKLY MAGAZINE.
Containing Stories of Adventures on Land, Sea and in the Air.
BY “NONAME.”
Each Number in a Handsomely Illuminated Cover.
☛ A 32-PAGE BOOK FOR 5 CENTS. ☚
All our readers know Frank Reade, Jr., the greatest inventor of the
age, and his two fun-loving chums, Barney and Pomp. The stories
published in this magazine contain a true account of the wonderful
and exciting adventures of the famous inventor, with his marvellous
flying machines, electrical overland engines, and his extraordinary
submarine boats. Each number is a rare treat. Tell your newsdealer
to get you a copy.
1 Frank Reade, Jr.’s White Cruiser of the Clouds; or, The Search
for the Dog-Faced Men.
2 Frank Reade, Jr.’s Submarine Boat, the “Explorer”; or, To the
North Pole Under the Ice.
3 Frank Reade, Jr.’s Electric Van; or, Hunting Wild Animals in the
Jungles of India.
4 Frank Reade, Jr.’s Electric Air Canoe; or, The Search for the
Valley of Diamonds.
5 Frank Reade, Jr.’s “Sea Serpent”; or, The Search for Sunken
Gold.
6 Frank Reade, Jr.’s Electric Terror, the “Thunderer”; or, The
Search for the Tartar’s Captive.
7 Frank Reade, Jr.’s Air Wonder, the “Kite”; or, A Six Weeks’
Flight Over the Andes.
8 Frank Reade, Jr.’s Deep Sea Diver, the “Tortoise”; or, The
Search for a Sunken Island.
9 Frank Reade, Jr.’s Electric Invention, the “Warrior”; or, Fighting
Apaches in Arizona.
10 Frank Reade, Jr., and His Electric Air Boat; or, Hunting Wild
Beasts for a Circus.
11 Frank Reade, Jr., and His Torpedo Boat; or, At War With the
Brazilian Rebels.
12 Fighting the Slave Hunters; or, Frank Reade, Jr., in Central
Africa.
13 From Zone to Zone; or, The Wonderful Trip of Frank Reade,
Jr., with His Latest Air Ship.
14 Frank Reade, Jr., and His Electric Cruiser of the Lakes; or, A
Journey Through Africa by Water.
15 Frank Reade, Jr., and His Electric Turret; or, Lost in the Land
of Fire.
16 Frank Reade, Jr., and His Engine of the Clouds; or, Chased
Around the World in the Sky.
17 In the Great Whirlpool; or, Frank Reade, Jr.’s Strange
Adventures in a Submarine Boat.
18 Chased Across the Sahara; or, Frank Reade, Jr., After a
Bedouin’s Captive.
19 Six Weeks in the Clouds; or, Frank Reade, Jr.’s Air-Ship the
“Thunderbolt.”
20 Around the World Under Water; or, The Wonderful Cruise of
a Submarine Boat.
21 The Mystic Brand; or, Frank Reade, Jr., and His Overland
Stage.
22 Frank Reade, Jr.’s Electric Air Racer; or, Around the Globe in
Thirty Days.
23 The Sunken Pirate; or, Frank Reade, Jr., in Search of a
Treasure at the Bottom of the Sea.
24 Frank Reade, Jr.’s Magnetic Gun Carriage; or, Working for the
U. S. Mail.
25 Frank Reade, Jr., and His Electric Ice Ship; or, Driven Adrift in
the Frozen Sky.
26 Frank Reade, Jr.’s Electric Sea Engine; or, Hunting for a
Sunken Diamond Mine.
For Sale by All Newsdealers, or will be Sent to Any Address on
Receipt of Price, 5 Cents per Copy, by
FRANK TOUSEY, Publisher, 24 Union Square, New York.
IF YOU WANT ANY BACK NUMBERS
of our Libraries and cannot procure them from newsdealers, they
can be obtained from this office direct. Cut out and fill in the
following Order Blank and send it to us with the price of the books
you want and we will send them to you by return mail.
POSTAGE STAMPS TAKEN THE SAME AS MONEY.
FRANK TOUSEY, Publisher, 24 Union Square, New
York. ......190
Dear Sir—Enclosed find ..... cents for which please
send me:
.... copies of WORK AND WIN,
Nos..................................
.... copies of WILD WEST WEEKLY,
Nos..............................
.... copies of FRANK READE WEEKLY,
Nos............................
.... copies of PLUCK AND LUCK,
Nos................................
.... copies of SECRET SERVICE,
Nos................................
.... copies of THE LIBERTY BOYS OF ‘76,
Nos.......................
.... copies of Ten-Cent Hand Books,
Nos...........................
Name ............ Street and No.........
Town....... State .......
Clean Code. An Agile Guide to Software Craft Kameron H.
TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE
1. Added Table of Contents.
2. Moved advertising on the reverse of the cover
page to between the end and the remaining
advertisements on the back cover.
3. Silently corrected typographical errors.
4. Retained anachronistic and non-standard
spellings as printed.
*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FRANK READE, JR.,
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Clean Code. An Agile Guide to Software Craft Kameron H.

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  • 5. Clean Code: An Agile Guide to Software Craft Kameron Hussain and Frahaan Hussain Published by Sonar Publishing, 2023.
  • 6. While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein. CLEAN CODE: AN AGILE GUIDE TO SOFTWARE CRAFT First edition. October 15, 2023. Copyright © 2023 Kameron Hussain and Frahaan Hussain. Written by Kameron Hussain and Frahaan Hussain.
  • 7. Table of Contents Title Page Copyright Page Clean Code: An Agile Guide to Software Craft Chapter 1: Clean Code Chapter 2: Meaningful Names Chapter 3: Functions Chapter 4: Comments Chapter 5: Formatting Chapter 6: Objects and Data Structures Chapter 7: Error Handling Chapter 8: Boundaries Chapter 9: Unit Tests
  • 8. Chapter 10: Classes Chapter 13: Concurrency Chapter 15: JUnit Internals Chapter 19: Appendix B: Decimal I/O Chapter 20: Appendix C: How to Transform Employee
  • 9. Table of Contents Chapter 1: Clean Code 1.1 What Is Clean Code? The Benefits of Clean Code Characteristics of Clean Code 1.2 Why Does Clean Code Matter? 1.2.1 Readability and Understanding 1.2.2 Maintainability 1.2.3 Debugging and Error Detection 1.2.4 Collaboration 1.2.5 Code Reviews and Quality Assurance 1.2.6 Long-Term Sustainability 1.3 The Principles of Clean Code
  • 10. 1.3.1 DRY (Don’t Repeat Yourself) Principle 1.3.2 SRP (Single Responsibility Principle) 1.3.3 KISS (Keep It Simple, Stupid) Principle 1.3.4 YAGNI (You Ain’t Gonna Need It) Principle 1.4 A Case for Software Craftsmanship 1.4.1 Beyond Functional Code 1.4.2 Code as a Reflection of Thought 1.4.3 Continuous Improvement 1.4.4 Attention to Detail 1.4.5 Code That Stands the Test of Time 1.4.6 Pride in Work 1.4.7 Collaboration and Mentorship 1.4.8 Balancing Pragmatism and Perfection 1.5 How Clean Code Enhances Agile Development
  • 11. 1.5.1 Readability and Adaptability 1.5.2 Continuous Integration and Delivery 1.5.3 Collaboration and Code Reviews 1.5.4 Test-Driven Development (TDD) 1.5.5 Agile Refactoring 1.5.6 Reduced Technical Debt 1.5.7 Empowering Cross-Functional Teams Chapter 2: Meaningful Names 2.1 The Importance of Good Names 2.1.1 Readability and Comprehensibility 2.1.2 Documentation Through Naming 2.1.3 Maintainability 2.1.4 Reducing Cognitive Load 2.1.5 Consistency and Conventions
  • 12. 2.2 Choosing Descriptive and Pronounceable Names 2.2.1 Descriptive Names 2.2.2 Pronounceable Names 2.2.3 Meaningful Variable Names 2.2.4 Method and Function Names 2.2.5 Class and Object Names 2.3 Avoiding Disinformation and Misleading Names 2.3.1 Misleading Names Can Be Dangerous 2.3.2 Be Precise and Specific 2.3.3 Be Wary of Abbreviations and Acronyms 2.3.4 Consistency Matters 2.3.5 Use Domain-Specific Language 2.3.6 Seek Feedback 2.4 Using Names that Reveal Intent
  • 13. 2.4.1 Code as Documentation 2.4.2 Intent-Driven Naming 2.4.3 Choose Verbs and Nouns Thoughtfully 2.4.4 Avoid Generic Names 2.4.5 Maintainability and Understanding 2.4.6 Refactoring with Confidence 2.5 Making Meaningful Distinctions in Names 2.5.1 Avoid Ambiguity 2.5.2 Use Context for Distinctions 2.5.3 Add Qualifiers 2.5.4 Avoid Overloading Names 2.5.5 Maintain a Consistent Approach 2.5.6 Prioritize Clarity
  • 14. Chapter 3: Functions 3.1 The Role of Functions in Clean Code 3.1.1 Functions as Abstractions 3.1.2 Small and Focused Functions 3.1.3 Function Names and Readability 3.1.4 Function Arguments and Side Effects 3.1.5 Encapsulation and Reusability 3.2 Small and Focused Functions 3.2.1 The Single Responsibility Principle (SRP) 3.2.2 Benefits of Small and Focused Functions 3.2.3 Guidelines for Creating Small and Focused Functions 3.3 Function Arguments and Side Effects 3.3.1 Minimizing Function Arguments 3.3.2 Minimizing Side Effects
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  • 16. 3.3.3 Emphasizing Pure Functions 3.3.4 Function Signatures and Documentation 3.3.5 Achieving Clean and Predictable Code 3.4 Command Query Separation 3.4.1 Commands 3.4.2 Queries 3.4.3 Benefits of CQS 3.4.4 CQS in Practice 3.5 Error Handling in Functions 3.5.1 The Nature of Errors 3.5.2 Error Handling Strategies 3.5.3 Using Exceptions for Error Handling 3.5.4 Wrapping External Dependencies
  • 17. 3.5.5 Avoiding Null References Chapter 4: Comments 4.1 When to Write Comments 4.1.1 Providing Clarification 4.1.2 Documenting Intent 4.1.3 Explaining Non-Obvious Decisions 4.1.4 Describing Complex Algorithms 4.1.5 Warning about Known Issues 4.1.6 Keeping Comments Up-to-Date 4.2 Good Comments vs. Bad Comments 4.2.1 Good Comments 4.2.2 Bad Comments 4.2.3 Principles for Effective Comments 4.3 Writing Self-Explanatory Code
  • 18. 4.3.1 Meaningful Variable and Function Names 4.3.2 Consistent Naming Conventions 4.3.3 Avoiding Magic Numbers and Strings 4.3.4 Clear and Logical Code Structure 4.3.5 Avoiding Nested and Complex Conditionals 4.3.6 Documentation as a Supplement 4.3.7 Code Reviews and Collaboration 4.4 Using Comments to Clarify Intent 4.4.1 Explaining Design Decisions 4.4.2 Documenting Algorithm Insights 4.4.3 Warning About Side Effects 4.4.4 Temporary Workarounds 4.4.5 Historical Context
  • 19. 4.4.6 Best Practices for Comment Clarity 4.5 Avoiding Redundant Comments 4.5.1 Redundant Comments Defined 4.5.2 The Problem with Redundant Comments 4.5.3 When Are Comments Redundant? 4.5.4 Guidelines for Reducing Redundant Comments Chapter 5: Formatting 5.1 Code Formatting and Readability 5.1.1 The Significance of Code Formatting 5.1.2 Consistency Matters 5.1.3 Code Formatting Tools 5.1.4 Comments and Formatting 5.1.5 Practical Tips for Code Formatting 5.2 The Importance of Consistency
  • 20. 5.2.1 Consistency in Indentation 5.2.2 Consistency in Spacing 5.2.3 Consistency in Naming Conventions 5.2.4 Consistency Across the Codebase 5.2.5 Benefits of Consistency 5.3 Horizontal Formatting 5.3.1 Line Length 5.3.2 Alignment 5.3.3 Operators and Indentation 5.3.4 Long Function Calls 5.3.5 Practical Tips for Horizontal Formatting 5.4 Vertical Formatting 5.4.1 Logical Grouping
  • 21. 5.4.2 Readable Sections 5.4.3 Vertical Density 5.4.4 Limited Function and Method Length 5.4.5 Practical Tips for Vertical Formatting 5.5 Comments and Formatting 5.5.1 When to Write Comments 5.5.2 Good Comments vs. Bad Comments 5.5.3 Writing Self-Explanatory Code 5.5.4 Avoiding Redundant Comments 5.5.5 Comment Formatting 5.5.6 Commenting for Future Developers 5.5.7 Documentation Tools 5.5.8 Practical Tips for Commenting Chapter 6: Objects and Data Structures
  • 22. 6.1 Objects vs. Data Structures 6.1.1 Objects 6.1.2 Data Structures 6.1.3 Strengths of Objects 6.1.4 Strengths of Data Structures 6.1.5 Choosing Between Objects and Data Structures 6.2 The Law of Demeter 6.2.1 Understanding the Law of Demeter 6.2.2 Benefits of the Law of Demeter 6.2.3 Applying the Law of Demeter 6.3 Data Transfer Objects (DTOs) 6.3.1 Purpose of Data Transfer Objects 6.3.2 Characteristics of Data Transfer Objects
  • 23. 6.3.3 Example of Data Transfer Objects 6.3.4 Drawbacks and Considerations 6.4 Active Objects 6.4.1 Key Concepts of Active Objects 6.4.2 Use Cases for Active Objects 6.4.3 Implementing Active Objects 6.4.4 Benefits and Considerations 6.5 Hiding Implementation Details 6.5.1 Benefits of Hiding Implementation Details 6.5.2 Techniques for Hiding Implementation Details 6.5.3 When to Hide Implementation Details Chapter 7: Error Handling 7.1 The Nature of Errors 7.1.1 Types of Errors
  • 24. 7.1.2 The Impact of Errors 7.1.3 The Importance of Error Handling 7.1.4 Strategies for Error Handling 7.2 Error Handling Strategies 7.2.1 Defensive Programming 7.2.2 Exception Handling 7.2.3 Return Values and Error Codes 7.2.4 Graceful Degradation 7.2.5 Testing and Validation 7.3 Using Exceptions for Error Handling 7.3.1 How Exceptions Work 7.3.2 Advantages of Exception Handling 7.3.3 Best Practices for Exception Handling
  • 25. 7.3.4 Handling Checked vs. Unchecked Exceptions 7.3.5 Exception Handling in Multithreaded Environments 7.3.6 Using Exception Handling Frameworks 7.4 Wrapping External Dependencies 7.4.1 The Challenges of External Dependencies 7.4.2 Wrapping External Dependencies 7.4.3 Benefits of Wrapping External Dependencies 7.4.4 Creating Custom Exception Types 7.4.5 Logging and Monitoring 7.4.6 Graceful Degradation 7.4.7 Documentation 7.5 Avoiding Null References 7.5.1 The Problem with Null References 7.5.2 Techniques for Avoiding Null References
  • 26. Visit https://ebookmass.com today to explore a vast collection of ebooks across various genres, available in popular formats like PDF, EPUB, and MOBI, fully compatible with all devices. Enjoy a seamless reading experience and effortlessly download high- quality materials in just a few simple steps. Plus, don’t miss out on exciting offers that let you access a wealth of knowledge at the best prices!
  • 27. Other documents randomly have different content
  • 28. 176 The Bradys in Badtown; or, The Fight for a Gold Mine. 177 The Bradys in the Klondike; or, Ferreting Out the Gold Thieves. 178 The Bradys on the East Side; or, Crooked Work in the Slums. 179 The Bradys and the “Highbinders”; or, The Hot Case in Chinatown. 180 The Bradys and the Serpent Ring; or, The Strange Case of the Fortune-Teller. 181 The Bradys and “Silent Sam”; or, Tracking the Deaf and Dumb Gang. 182 The Bradys and the “Bonanza” King; or, Fighting the Fakirs in Frisco. 183 The Bradys and the Boston Banker; or, Hustling for Millions In the Hub. 184 The Bradys on Blizzard Island; or, Tracking the Gold Thieves of Cape Nome. 185 The Bradys in the Black Hills; or, Their Case in North Dakota. 186 The Bradys and “Faro Frank”; or, A Hot Case in the Gold Mines. 187 The Bradys and the “Rube”; or, Tracking the Confidence Men. 188 The Bradys as Firemen; or, Tracking a Gang of Incendiaries. 189 The Bradys in the Oil Country; or, The Mystery of the Giant Gusher. 190 The Bradys and the Blind Beggar; or, The Worst Crook of All.
  • 29. 191 The Bradys and the Bankbreakers; or, Working the Thugs of Chicago. 192 The Bradys and the Seven Skulls; or, The Clew That Was Found in the Barn. 193 The Bradys in Mexico; or, The Search for the Aztec Treasure House. 194 The Bradys at Black Run; or, Trailing the Coiners of Candle Creek. 195 The Bradys Among the Bulls and Bears; or, Working the Wires in Wall Street. 196 The Bradys and the King; or, Working for the Bank of England. 197 The Bradys and the Duke’s Diamonds; or, The Mystery of the Yacht. 198 The Bradys and the Bed Rock Mystery; or, Working in the Black Hills. 199 The Bradys and the Card Crooks; or, Working on an Ocean Liner. 200 The Bradys and “John Smith”; or, The Man Without a Name. 201 The Bradys and the Manhunters; or, Down in the Dismal Swamp. 202 The Bradys and the High Rock Mystery; or, The Secret of the Seven Steps. 203 The Bradys at the Block House; or, Rustling the Rustlers on the Frontier. 204 The Bradys in Baxter Street; or, The House Without a Door. 205 The Bradys Midnight Call; or, The Mystery of Harlem Heights.
  • 30. 206 The Bradys Behind the Bars; or, Working on Blackwells Island. 207 The Bradys and the Brewer’s Bonds; or, Working on a Wall Street Case. 208 The Bradys on the Bowery; or, The Search for a Missing Girl. 209 The Bradys and the Pawnbroker; or, A Very Mysterious Case. 210 The Bradys and the Gold Fakirs; or, Working for the Mint. 211 The Bradys at Bonanza Bay; or, Working on a Million Dollar Clew. 212 The Bradys and the Black Riders; or, The Mysterious Murder at Wildtown. 213 The Bradys and Senator Slam; or, Working With Washington Crooks. 214 The Bradys and the Man from Nowhere; or, Their Very Hardest Case. 215 The Bradys and “No. 99”; or, The Search for a Mad Millionaire. 216 The Bradys at Baffin’s Bay; or, The Trail Which Led to the Arctic. 217 The Bradys and Gim Lee; or, Working a Clew in Chinatown. 218 The Bradys and the “Yegg” Men; or, Seeking a Clew on the Road. 219 The Bradys and the Blind Banker; or, Ferreting out the Wall Street Thieves. 220 The Bradys and the Black Cat; or, Working Among the Card Crooks of Chicago.
  • 31. 221 The Bradys and the Texas Oil King; or, Seeking a Clew in the Southwest. 222 The Bradys and the Night Hawk; or, New York at Midnight. For Sale by All Newsdealers, or will be Sent to Any Address on Receipt of Price, 5 Cents per Copy, by FRANK TOUSEY, Publisher, 24 Union Square, New York. IF YOU WANT ANY BACK NUMBERS of our libraries, and cannot procure them from newsdealers, they can be obtained from this office direct. Cut out and fill in the following Order Blank and send it to us with the price of the books you want and we will send them to you by return mail. POSTAGE STAMPS TAKEN THE SAME AS MONEY.
  • 32. FRANK TOUSEY, Publisher, 24 Union Square, New York .... 190 Dear Sir—Enclosed find .... cents for which please send me: .... copies of WORK AND WIN, Nos.............................. .... copies of WILD WEST WEEKLY, Nos.......................... .... copies of FRANK READE WEEKLY, Nos........................ .... copies of PLUCK AND LUCK, Nos............................ .... copies of SECRET SERVICE, Nos............................ .... copies of THE LIBERTY BOYS OF ‘76, Nos................... .... copies of Ten-Cent Hand Books, Nos....................... Name ......... Street and No ...... Town ...... State ........
  • 33. PLUCK AND LUCK. CONTAINS ALL SORTS OF STORIES. EVERY STORY COMPLETE. 39 PAGES. BEAUTIFULLY COLORED COVERS. PRICE 5 CENTS. LATEST ISSUES: 176 Joe, the Gymnast; or, Three Years Among the Japs. By Allan Arnold. 177 Jack Hawthorne, of No Man’s Land; or, An Uncrowned King By “Noname.” 178 Gun-Boat Dick; or, Death Before Dishonor. By Jas. C. Merritt. 179 A Wizard of Wall Street; or, The Career of Henry Carew, Boy Banker. By H. K. Shackleford.
  • 34. 180 Fifty Riders in Black; or, The Ravens of Raven Forest. By Howard Austin. 181 The Boy Rifle Rangers; or, Kit Carson’s Three Young Scouts. By An Old Scout. 182 Where? or, Washed into an Unknown World. By “Noname.” 183 Fred Fearnaught, the Boy Commander; or, The Wolves of the Sea. By Capt. Thos. H. Wilson. 184 From Cowboy to Congressman; or, The Rise of a Young Ranchman. By H. K. Shackleford. 185 Sam Spark, the Brave Young Fireman; or, Always the First on Hand. By Ex-Fire Chief Warden. 186 The Poorest Boy in New York, and How He Became Rich, By N. S. Wood, the Young American Actor. 187 Jack Wright, the Boy Inventor; or, Hunting for a Sunken Treasure. By “Noname.” 188 On Time; or, The Young Engineer Rivals. An Exciting Story of Railroading in the Northwest. By Jas. C. Merritt. 189 Red Jacket; or, The Boys of the Farmhouse Fort. By An Old Scout. 190 His First Glass of Wine; or, The Temptations of City Life. A True Temperance Story. By Jno. B. Dowd. 191 The Coral City; or, The Wonderful Cruise of the Yacht Vesta. By Richard R. Montgomery. 192 Making a Million; or, A Smart Boy’s Career in Wall Street. By H. K. Shackleford. 193 Jack Wright and His Electric Turtle; or, Chasing the Pirates of the Spanish Main. By “Noname.” 194 Flyer Dave, the Boy Jockey; or, Riding the Winner. By Allyn Draper.
  • 35. 195 The Twenty Gray Wolves; or, Fighting A Crafty King. By Howard Austin. 196 The Palace of Gold; or, The Secret of a Lost Race. By Richard R. Montgomery. 197 Jack Wright’s Submarine Catamaran; or, The Phantom Ship of the Yellow Sea. By “Noname.” 198 A Monte Cristo at 18; or, From Slave to Avenger. By Allyn Draper. 199 The Floating Gold Mine; or, Adrift in an Unknown Sea. By Capt. Thos. H. Wilson. 200 Moll Pitcher’s Boy; or, As Brave as His Mother. By Gen’l Jas. A. Gordon. 201 “We.” By Richard R. Montgomery. 202 Jack Wright and His Ocean Racer; or, Around the World in 20 Days. By “Noname.” 203 The Boy Pioneers; or, Tracking an Indian Treasure. By Allyn Draper. 204 Still Alarm Sam, the Daring Boy Fireman; or, Sure to Be On Hand. By Ex-Fire Chief Warden. 205 Lost on the Ocean; or, Ben Bluffs Last Voyage. By Capt. Thos. H. Wilson. 206 Jack Wright and His Electric Canoe; or, Working in the Revenue Service. By “Noname.” 207 Give Him a Chance; or, How Tom Curtis Won His Way. By Howard Austin. 208 Jack and I; or, The Secrets of King Pharaoh’s Caves. By Richard R. Montgomery. 209 Buried 5,000 Years; or, The Treasure of the Aztecs. By Allyn Draper.
  • 36. 210 Jack Wright’s Air and Water Cutter; or, Wonderful Adventures on the Wing and Afloat. By “Noname.” 211 The Broken Bottle; or, A Jolly Good Fellow. A True Temperance Story. By Jno. B. Dowd. 212 Slippery Ben; or, The Boy Spy of the Revolution. By Gen’l Jas. A. Gordon. 213 Young Davy Crockett; or, The Hero of Silver Gulch. By An Old Scout. 214 Jack Wright and His Magnetic Motor; or, The Golden City of the Sierras. By “Noname.” 215 Little Mac, The Boy Engineer; or, Bound To Do His Best. By Jas. C. Merritt. 216 The Boy Money King: or, Working in Wall Street. A Story of a Smart New York Boy. By H. K. Shackleford. 217 “I.” A Story of Strange Adventure. By Richard R. Montgomery. 218 Jack Wright, The Boy Inventor, and His Under-Water Ironclad; or, The Treasure of the Sandy Sea. By “Noname.” 219 Gerald O’Grady’s Grit; or, The Branded Irish Lad. By Allyn Draper. 220 Through Thick and Thin; or, Our Boys Abroad. By Howard Austin. 221 The Demon of the Deep; or, Above and Beneath the Sea. By Capt. Thos. H. Wilson. 222 Jack Wright and His Electric Deers; or, Fighting the Bandits of the Black Hills. By “Noname.” 223 At 12 o’clock; or, The Mystery of the Lighthouse. A Story of the Revolution. By Gen. Jas. A. Gordon. 224 The Rival Boat Clubs; or, The Boss School at Beechwood. By Allyn Draper.
  • 37. 225 The Haunted House on the Hudson; or, the Smugglers of the Sound. By Jas. C. Merritt. 226 Jack Wright and His Prairie Engine, or Among the Bushmen of Australia. By “Noname.” 227 A Million at 20; or, Fighting His Way in Wall Street. By H. K. Shackleford. 228 Hook and Ladder No. 2. By Ex-Fire Chief Warden. 229 On Deck; or, The Boy Pilot of Lake Erie. By Allyn Draper. 230 Locomotive Fred; or, Life on the Railroad By Jas. C. Merritt. 231 Jack Wright and His Electric Air Schooner, or, The Mystery of a Magic Mine. By “Noname.” 232 Philadelphia Phil; or, From a Bootblack to a Merchant. By Howard Austin. 233 Custer’s Last Shot; or, The Boy Trailer of the Little Horn. By An Old Scout. 234 The Rival Rangers; or, The Sons of Freedom. By Gen. Jas. A. Gordon. 235 Old Sixty-Nine; or, The Prince of Engineers. By Jas. C. Merritt. 236 Among the Fire-Worshippers; or, Two New York Boys in Mexico. By Howard Austin. 237 Jack Wright and his Electric Sea Motor; or, The Search for a Drifting Wreck. By “Noname.” 238 Twenty Years on an Island; or, The Story of a Castaway. By Capt. Thos. H. Wilson. 239 Colorado Carl; or, The King of the Saddle. By An Old Scout. 240 Hook and Ladder Jack, the Daring Young Fireman. By Ex- Fire Chief Warden. 241 Ice-Bound; or, Among the Floes. By Berton Bertrew.
  • 38. 242 Jack Wright and his Ocean Sleuth-Hound; or, Tracking an Under-Water Treasure. By “Noname.” 243 The Fatal Glass; or, The Traps and Snares of New York. A True Temperance Story. By Jno. B. Dowd. 244 The Maniac Engineer; or, A Life’s Mystery. By Jas. C. Merritt. 245 Jack Wright and His Electric Locomotive; or, The Lost Mine of Death Valley. By “Noname.” 246 The Ten Boy Scouts. A Story of the Wild West. By An Old Scout. 247 Young Hickory, the Spy; or, Man, Woman, or Boy. By Gen’l Jas. A. Gordon. 248 Dick Bangle, the Boy Actor. By N. S. Wood (The Young American Actor). 249 A New York Boy in the Soudan; or, The Mahdi’s Slave. By Howard Austin. 250 Jack Wright and His Electric Balloon Ship; or, 30,000 Leagues Above the Earth. By “Noname.” 251 The Game-Cook of Dead wood; A Story of the Wild North West. By Jas. C. Merritt. 252 Harry Hook, The Boy Fireman of No. 1; or, Always at His Post. By Ex. Fire-Chief Warden. For Sale by All Newsdealers, or will be Sent to Any Address on Receipt of Price, 5 Cents per Copy, by FRANK TOUSEY, Publisher, 24 Union Square, New York IF YOU WANT ANY BACK NUMBERS of our Libraries and cannot procure them from newsdealers, they can be obtained from this office direct. Cut out and fill in the following Order Blank and send it to us with the price of the books you want and we will send them to you by return mail.
  • 39. POSTAGE STAMPS TAKEN THE SAME AS MONEY. FRANK TOUSEY, Publisher, 24 Union Square, New York. ....... 190 Dear Sir—Enclosed find .... cents for which please send me: .... copies of WORK AND WIN, Nos................................... .... copies of WILD WEST WEEKLY, Nos............................... .... copies of FRANK READE WEEKLY, Nos............................. .... copies of PLUCK AND LUCK, Nos................................. .... copies of SECRET SERVICE, Nos................................. .... copies of THE LIBERTY BOYS OF ‘76, Nos........................ .... copies of Ten-Cent Hand Books, Nos............................ Name ............ Street and No.......... Town ........ State ...... WILD WEST WEEKLY A Magazine Containing Stories, Sketches, etc., of Western Life. BY AN OLD SCOUT. DO NOT FAIL TO READ IT. 32 PAGES. PRICE 5 CENTS. 32 PAGES.
  • 40. EACH NUMBER IN A HANDSOME COLORED COVER. All of these exciting stories are founded on facts. Young Wild West is a hero with whom the author was acquainted. His daring deeds and thrilling adventures have never been surpassed. They form the base of the most dashing stories ever published. Read the following numbers of this most interesting magazine and be convinced: 1 Young Wild West, The Prince of the Saddle. 2 Young Wild West’s Luck; or, Striking it Rich at the Hills. 3 Young Wild West’s Victory; or, The Road Agents’ Last Hold-up. 4 Young Wild West’s Pluck; or, Bound to Beat the Bad Men. 5 Young Wild West’s Best Shot; or, The Rescue of Arietta. 6 Young Wild West at Devil Creek; or, Helping to Boom a New Town. 7 Young Wild West’s Surprise; or, The Indian Chief’s Legacy. 8 Young Wild West Missing; or, Saved by an Indian Princess. 9 Young Wild West and the Detective; or, The Red Riders of the Range. 10 Young Wild West at the Stake; or, The Jealousy of Arietta. 11 Young Wild West’s Nerve; or, The Nine Golden Bullets. 12 Young Wild West and the Tenderfoot; or, A New Yorker in the West. 13 Young Wild West’s Triumph; or, Winning Against Great Odds. 14 Young Wild West’s Strategy; or, The Comanche Chief’s Last Raid. 15 Young Wild West’s Grit; or, The Ghost of Gauntlet Gulch. 16 Young Wild West’s Big Day; or, The Double Wedding at Weston.
  • 41. 17 Young Wild West’s Great Scheme; or, The Building of a Railroad. 18 Young Wild West and the Train Robbers; or, The Hunt for the Stolen Treasure. 19 Young Wild West on His Mettle; or, Four Against Twenty. 20 Young Wild West’s Ranch; or, The Renegades of Riley’s Run. 21 Young Wild West on the Trail; or, Outwitting the Redskins. 22 Young Wild West’s Bargain; or, A Red Man With a White Heart. 23 Young Wild West’s Vacation; or, A Lively Time at Roaring Ranch. 24 Young Wild West On His Muscle; or, Fighting With Nature’s Weapons. 25 Young Wild West’s Mistake; or, Losing a Hundred Thousand. 26 Young Wild West In Deadwood; or, The Terror of Taper Top. 27 Young Wild West’s Close Call; or, The Raiders of Raw Hide Ridge. 28 Young Wild West Trapped; or, The Net That Would Not Hold Him. FOR SALE BY ALL NEWSDEALERS, OR WILL BE SENT TO ANY ADDRESS ON RECEIPT OF PRICE, 5 CENTS PER COPY. BY FRANK TOUSEY, Publisher, 24 Union Square, New York. IF YOU WANT ANY BACK NUMBERS of our Libraries and cannot procure them from newsdealers, they can be obtained from this office direct. Cut out and fill in the following Order Blank and send it to us with the price of the books you want and we will send them to you by return mail.
  • 42. POSTAGE STAMPS TAKEN THE SAME AS MONEY. FRANK TOUSEY, Publisher, 24 Union Square, New York. ........ 190 Dear Sir—Enclosed find .... cents for which please send me: .... copies of WORK AND WIN, Nos........................................ .... copies of WILD WEST WEEKLY, Nos.................................... .... copies of FRANK READE WEEKLY, Nos.................................. .... copies of PLUCK AND LUCK, Nos...................................... .... copies of SECRET SERVICE, Nos...................................... .... copies of THE LIBERTY BOYS OF ‘76, Nos............................. .... copies of Ten-Cent Hand Books, Nos................................. Name ................ Street and No............ Town ........ State .... THE STAGE. No. 41. THE BOYS OF NEW YORK END MEN’S JOKE BOOK.— Containing a great variety of the latest jokes used by the most famous end men. No amateur minstrels is complete without this wonderful little book. No. 42. THE BOYS OF NEW YORK STUMP SPEAKER.— Containing a varied assortment of stump speeches, Negro,
  • 43. Dutch and Irish. Also end men’s jokes. Just the thing for home amusement and amateur shows. No. 45. THE BOYS OF NEW YORK MINSTREL GUIDE AND JOKE BOOK.—Something new and very instructive. Every boy should obtain this book, as it contains full instructions for organizing an amateur minstrel troupe. No. 65. MULDOON’S JOKES.—This is one of the most original Joke books ever published, and it is brimful of wit and humor. It contains a large collection of songs, jokes, conundrums, etc., of Terrence Muldoon, the great wit, humorist, and practical joker of the day. Every boy who can enjoy a good substantial joke should obtain a copy immediately. No. 79. HOW TO BECOME AN ACTOR.—Containing complete instructions how to make up for various characters on the stage; together with the duties of the Stage Manager, Prompter, Scenic Artist and Property Man. By a prominent Stage Manager. No. 80. GUS WILLIAMS’ JOKE BOOK.—Containing the latest jokes, anecdotes and funny stories of this world-renowned and ever popular German comedian. Sixty-four pages; handsome colored cover containing a half-tone photo of the author. HOUSEKEEPING. No. 16. HOW TO KEEP A WINDOW GARDEN.—Containing full instructions for constructing a window garden either in town or country, and the most approved methods for raising beautiful flowers at home. The most complete book of the kind ever published. No. 30. HOW TO COOK.—One of the most instructive books on cooking ever published. It contains recipes for cooking meats, fish, game, and oysters; also pies, puddings, cakes
  • 44. and all kinds of pastry, and a grand collection of recipes by one of our most popular cooks. No. 37. HOW TO KEEP HOUSE.—It contains information for everybody, boys, girls, men and women: it will teach you how to make almost anything around the house, such as parlor ornaments, brackets, cements, Æolian harps, and bird lime for catching birds. ELECTRICAL. No. 46. HOW TO MAKE AND USE ELECTRICITY.—A description of the wonderful uses of electricity and electro magnetism; together with full instructions for making Electric Toys, Batteries, etc. By George Trebel, A. M., M. D. Containing over fifty illustrations. No. 64. HOW TO MAKE ELECTRICAL MACHINES.—Containing full directions for making electrical machines, induction coils, dynamos, and many novel toys to be worked by electricity. By R. A. R. Bennett. Fully illustrated. No. 67. HOW TO DO ELECTRICAL TRICKS.—Containing a large collection of instructive and highly amusing electrical tricks, together with illustrations. By A. Anderson. ENTERTAINMENT. No. 9. HOW TO BECOME A VENTRILOQUIST.—By Harry Kennedy. The secret given away. Every intelligent boy reading this book of instructions, by a practical professor (delighting multitudes every night with his wonderful imitations), can master the art and create any amount of fun for himself and friends. It is the greatest book ever published, and there’s millions (of fun) in it. No. 20. HOW TO ENTERTAIN AN EVENING PARTY.—A very valuable little book just published. A complete compendium of games, sports, card diversions, comic recitations, etc.,
  • 45. suitable for parlor or drawing-room entertainment. It contains more for the money than any book published. No. 35. HOW TO PLAY GAMES.—A complete and useful little book, containing the rules and regulations of billiards, bagatelle, backgammon, croquet, dominoes, etc. No. 36. HOW TO SOLVE CONUNDRUMS.—Containing all the leading conundrums of the day, amusing riddles, curious catches and witty sayings. No. 52. HOW TO PLAY CARDS.—A complete and handy little book, giving the rules and full directions for playing Euchre, Cribbage, Casino, Forty-Five, Rounce, Pedro Sancho, Draw Poker, Auction Pitch. All Fours, and many other popular games of cards. No. 66. HOW TO DO PUZZLES.—Containing over three hundred interesting puzzles and conundrums, with key to same. A complete book. Fully illustrated. By A. Anderson. ETIQUETTE. No. 13. HOW TO DO IT; OR, BOOK OF ETIQUETTE.—It is a great life secret, and one that every young man desires to know all about. There’s happiness in it. No. 33. HOW TO BEHAVE.—Containing the rules and etiquette of good society and the easiest and most approved methods of appearing to good advantage at parties, balls, the theatre, church, and in the drawing-room. DECLAMATION. No. 27. HOW TO RECITE AND BOOK OF RECITATIONS.— Containing the most popular selections in use, comprising Dutch dialect, French dialect, Yankee and Irish dialect pieces, together with many standard readings.
  • 46. No. 31. HOW TO BECOME A SPEAKER.—Containing fourteen illustrations, giving the different positions requisite to become a good speaker, reader and elocutionist. Also containing gems from all the popular authors of prose and poetry, arranged in the most simple and concise manner possible. No. 49. HOW TO DEBATE.—Giving rules for conducting debates, outlines for debates, questions for discussion, and the best sources for procuring information on the questions given. SOCIETY. No. 3. HOW TO FLIRT.—The arts and wiles of flirtation are fully explained by this little book. Besides the various methods of handkerchief, fan, glove, parasol, window and hat flirtation, it contains a full list of the language and sentiment of flowers, which is interesting to everybody, both old and young. You cannot be happy without one. No. 4. HOW TO DANCE is the title of a new and handsome little book just issued by Frank Tousey. It contains full instructions in the art of dancing, etiquette in the ball-room and at parties, how to dress, and full directions for calling off in all popular square dances. No. 5. HOW TO MAKE LOVE.—A complete guide to love, courtship and marriage, giving sensible advice, rules and etiquette to be observed, with many curious and interesting things not generally known. No. 17. HOW TO DRESS.—Containing full instruction in the art of dressing and appearing well at home and abroad, giving the selections of colors, material, and how to have them made up. No. 18. HOW TO BECOME BEAUTIFUL.—One of the brightest and most valuable little books ever given to the world. Everybody wishes to know how to become beautiful, both
  • 47. male and female. The secret is simple, and almost costless. Read this book and be convinced how to become beautiful. BIRDS AND ANIMALS. No. 7. HOW TO KEEP BIRDS.—Handsomely illustrated and containing full instructions for the management and training of the canary, mockingbird, bobolink, blackbird, paroquet, parrot, etc. No. 39. HOW TO RAISE DOGS, POULTRY, PIGEONS AND RABBITS.—A useful and instructive book. Handsomely illustrated. By Ira Drofraw. No. 40. HOW TO MAKE AND SET TRAPS.—Including hints on how to catch moles, weasels, otter, rats, squirrels and birds. Also how to cure skins. Copiously illustrated. By J. Harrington Keene. No. 50. HOW TO STUFF BIRDS AND ANIMALS.—A valuable book, giving instructions in collecting, preparing, mounting and preserving birds, animals and insects. No. 54. HOW TO KEEP AND MANAGE PETS.—Giving complete information as to the manner and method of raising, keeping, taming, breeding, and managing all kinds of pets: also giving full instructions for making cages, etc. Fully explained by twenty-eight illustrations, making it the most complete book of the kind ever published. MISCELLANEOUS. No. 8. HOW TO BECOME A SCIENTIST.—A useful and instructive book, giving a complete treatise on chemistry; also experiments in acoustics, mechanics, mathematics, chemistry, and directions for making fireworks, colored fires, and gas balloons. This book cannot be equaled.
  • 48. No. 14. HOW TO MAKE CANDY.—A complete hand-book for making all kinds of candy, ice-cream, syrups, essences, etc., etc. No. 19.—FRANK TOUSEY’S UNITED STATES DISTANCE TABLES, POCKET COMPANION AND GUIDE.—Giving the official distances on all the railroads of the United States and Canada. Also table of distances by water to foreign ports, hack fares in the principal cities, reports of the census, etc., etc., making it one of the most complete and handy books published. No. 38. HOW TO BECOME YOUR OWN DOCTOR.—A wonderful book, containing useful and practical information in the treatment of ordinary diseases and ailments common to every family. Abounding in useful and effective recipes for general complaints. No. 55. HOW TO COLLECT STAMPS AND COINS.—Containing valuable information regarding the collecting and arranging of stamps and coins. Handsomely illustrated. No. 58. HOW TO BE A DETECTIVE.—By Old King Brady the world-known detective. In which he lays down some valuable and sensible rules for beginners, and also relates some adventures and experiences of well-known detectives. No. 60. HOW TO BECOME A PHOTOGRAPHER.—Containing useful information regarding the Camera and how to work it also how to make Photographic Magic Lantern Slides and other Transparencies. Handsomely illustrated. By Captain W. De W. Abney. No. 62. HOW TO BECOME A WEST POINT MILITARY CADET.— Containing full explanations how to gain admittance, course of Study, Examinations, Duties, Staff of Officers, Post Guard, Police Regulations, Fire Department, and all a
  • 49. boy should know to be a Cadet. Compiled and written by Lu Senarens, author of “How to Become a Naval Cadet.” No. 63. HOW TO BECOME A NAVAL CADET.—Complete Instructions of how to gain admission to the Annapolis Navy Academy. Also containing the course of instruction, description of grounds and buildings, historical sketch, and everything a boy should know to become an officer in the United States Navy. Compiled and written by Lu Senarens, author of “How to Become a West Point Military Cadet.” PRICE 10 CENTS EACH, OR 3 FOR 25 CENTS. Address FRANK TOUSEY, Publisher, 24 Union Square, New York. FRANK READE WEEKLY MAGAZINE. Containing Stories of Adventures on Land, Sea and in the Air. BY “NONAME.” Each Number in a Handsomely Illuminated Cover. ☛ A 32-PAGE BOOK FOR 5 CENTS. ☚ All our readers know Frank Reade, Jr., the greatest inventor of the age, and his two fun-loving chums, Barney and Pomp. The stories published in this magazine contain a true account of the wonderful and exciting adventures of the famous inventor, with his marvellous flying machines, electrical overland engines, and his extraordinary submarine boats. Each number is a rare treat. Tell your newsdealer to get you a copy. 1 Frank Reade, Jr.’s White Cruiser of the Clouds; or, The Search for the Dog-Faced Men.
  • 50. 2 Frank Reade, Jr.’s Submarine Boat, the “Explorer”; or, To the North Pole Under the Ice. 3 Frank Reade, Jr.’s Electric Van; or, Hunting Wild Animals in the Jungles of India. 4 Frank Reade, Jr.’s Electric Air Canoe; or, The Search for the Valley of Diamonds. 5 Frank Reade, Jr.’s “Sea Serpent”; or, The Search for Sunken Gold. 6 Frank Reade, Jr.’s Electric Terror, the “Thunderer”; or, The Search for the Tartar’s Captive. 7 Frank Reade, Jr.’s Air Wonder, the “Kite”; or, A Six Weeks’ Flight Over the Andes. 8 Frank Reade, Jr.’s Deep Sea Diver, the “Tortoise”; or, The Search for a Sunken Island. 9 Frank Reade, Jr.’s Electric Invention, the “Warrior”; or, Fighting Apaches in Arizona. 10 Frank Reade, Jr., and His Electric Air Boat; or, Hunting Wild Beasts for a Circus. 11 Frank Reade, Jr., and His Torpedo Boat; or, At War With the Brazilian Rebels. 12 Fighting the Slave Hunters; or, Frank Reade, Jr., in Central Africa. 13 From Zone to Zone; or, The Wonderful Trip of Frank Reade, Jr., with His Latest Air Ship. 14 Frank Reade, Jr., and His Electric Cruiser of the Lakes; or, A Journey Through Africa by Water. 15 Frank Reade, Jr., and His Electric Turret; or, Lost in the Land of Fire. 16 Frank Reade, Jr., and His Engine of the Clouds; or, Chased Around the World in the Sky.
  • 51. 17 In the Great Whirlpool; or, Frank Reade, Jr.’s Strange Adventures in a Submarine Boat. 18 Chased Across the Sahara; or, Frank Reade, Jr., After a Bedouin’s Captive. 19 Six Weeks in the Clouds; or, Frank Reade, Jr.’s Air-Ship the “Thunderbolt.” 20 Around the World Under Water; or, The Wonderful Cruise of a Submarine Boat. 21 The Mystic Brand; or, Frank Reade, Jr., and His Overland Stage. 22 Frank Reade, Jr.’s Electric Air Racer; or, Around the Globe in Thirty Days. 23 The Sunken Pirate; or, Frank Reade, Jr., in Search of a Treasure at the Bottom of the Sea. 24 Frank Reade, Jr.’s Magnetic Gun Carriage; or, Working for the U. S. Mail. 25 Frank Reade, Jr., and His Electric Ice Ship; or, Driven Adrift in the Frozen Sky. 26 Frank Reade, Jr.’s Electric Sea Engine; or, Hunting for a Sunken Diamond Mine. For Sale by All Newsdealers, or will be Sent to Any Address on Receipt of Price, 5 Cents per Copy, by FRANK TOUSEY, Publisher, 24 Union Square, New York. IF YOU WANT ANY BACK NUMBERS of our Libraries and cannot procure them from newsdealers, they can be obtained from this office direct. Cut out and fill in the following Order Blank and send it to us with the price of the books you want and we will send them to you by return mail.
  • 52. POSTAGE STAMPS TAKEN THE SAME AS MONEY. FRANK TOUSEY, Publisher, 24 Union Square, New York. ......190 Dear Sir—Enclosed find ..... cents for which please send me: .... copies of WORK AND WIN, Nos.................................. .... copies of WILD WEST WEEKLY, Nos.............................. .... copies of FRANK READE WEEKLY, Nos............................ .... copies of PLUCK AND LUCK, Nos................................ .... copies of SECRET SERVICE, Nos................................ .... copies of THE LIBERTY BOYS OF ‘76, Nos....................... .... copies of Ten-Cent Hand Books, Nos........................... Name ............ Street and No......... Town....... State .......
  • 54. TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE 1. Added Table of Contents. 2. Moved advertising on the reverse of the cover page to between the end and the remaining advertisements on the back cover. 3. Silently corrected typographical errors. 4. Retained anachronistic and non-standard spellings as printed.
  • 55. *** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FRANK READE, JR., AND HIS ELECTRIC ICE SHIP; OR, DRIVEN ADRIFT IN THE FROZEN SKY. *** Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will be renamed. Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG™ concept and trademark. Project Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you charge for an eBook, except by following the terms of the trademark license, including paying royalties for use of the Project Gutenberg trademark. If you do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the trademark license is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and research. Project Gutenberg eBooks may be modified and printed and given away—you may do practically ANYTHING in the United States with eBooks not protected by U.S. copyright law. Redistribution is subject to the trademark license, especially commercial redistribution. START: FULL LICENSE
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