Cloud Computing - Introduction
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The document outlines the course details for a Cloud Computing lab, including the course outcomes of understanding cloud concepts, virtualization, building a private cloud, and deploying applications on commercial clouds. It describes the term work which includes assignments, experiments, a mini project, and attendance. The mini project involves creating a private cloud, studying cloud security, load balancing, or virtualization technologies.
![Term-Work [50 M]
Journal Marks
Experiments 6-10 15
Assignments 2 5
Mini Project 1 25
Attendance 100% 5
Practical and Oral Examination of [25 Marks]
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Cloud Computing - Introduction
- 1. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] Mr. Rupesh Mishra CloudComputingLab CSL803 St. Francis Institute of Technology Department of Computer Engineering 1 1
- 2. CourseOutcome 1. Understand concepts of Cloud Computing 2. Understand Virtualisation 3. Build private cloud 4. Analyse security issues in cloud 5. Deploy application on Commercial Cloud 6. Demonstrate various service models Students will be able to 2
- 3. Term-Work [50 M] Journal Marks Experiments 6-10 15 Assignments 2 5 Mini Project 1 25 Attendance 100% 5 Practical and Oral Examination of [25 Marks] 3
- 4. MiniProject 1. Private cloud 2. Cloud Security 3. Load balancing 4. Virtualisation Technologies 5. Create application on cloud Evaluation based on use of Cloud Computing Tools 4
- 6. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] ???? 6
- 7. How to start a Website? 7
- 8. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] • Finite Resources • Finite users handled per second • Cost • How to handle Load? • Well written code • Specification of Hardware • Increase number of server • Load Balancer 8
- 9. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] • Increase the number of servers • Multiple Server Name (Different but similar) • Multiple names for one solution • Servers replaced with high end machine • Extra domain names • DNS server to automatically redirect the traffic evenly among the servers • Heterogeneous Server • Caching (IP address of server cached to local machine) • Cached Server Crashed • Load Balancer ip address is cached • Server crashed ? • Heartbeat request to Load Balancer • Single Point of Failure • Multiple Load Balancer • Heartbeat request between Load Balancer LoadHandlling 9
- 10. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] Internet Why cloud computing? HighAvailability 10
- 11. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] • Complexity • High Cost • Redundant connectivity and wiring • More physical space • Protection of resources • Power management • Increased operation • Human intervention • Hardware failure and maintenance • Business failed 11
- 12. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] • Servers and Infrastructure • Buy Servers • Maintaining and Monitoring Servers • Troubleshooting Servers • Security • Web Traffic • Not constant • Upscaling or Downscaling • Huge amount of data WhyCloud 12
- 13. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] Storing Data/Application on remote server Process Data/Application from remote servers Accessing Data/Application via Internet 13
- 14. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] • Outsource all the complexity • Abstract implementation details • No worries about HW failure and maintenance • No latency • Topology • Required Configuration • Fixed • Autoscaling Requirement 14
- 15. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] • Storage • Computing • Moore’s Law • Software version of Hardware • Physical Space • IaaS Technology Technology is getting Better, Faster and Cheaper Higher computing power can be fitted in the same space 15
- 16. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] 16 Eniac Machine Data Center
- 17. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] • Limited Capability • Finite Speed • Moore’s Law not applicable • Excess Computing availability • How to utilise increased capacity? • Build a business • Sharing of resources (Time Sharing) • Save Time and Money • Cost and Configuration of Servers Humans 17
- 18. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] Advantages • No Maintenance • Faster Data Recovery • Scalability • Data Privacy and Security • Reduced Cost 18
- 19. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] DataCenterTopology 19
- 20. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] • Compute Node • Connected in Tree topology • Backend Node • Storage • User facing Servers • Accept users request • Software Services • Operating system and User Application • IP, Switch, Router, Routing Protocol, etc • High Power Onsite Data Center Geo-Distributed 20
- 21. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] CloudProviders 21
- 23. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] A virtual machine is a computer in which Software and Hardware are created as a software solution. WhatisVirtualMachine? 23
- 24. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] The process of providing a virtual version of essential IT assets. WhatisVirtualisation? 24
- 25. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] Hardware Layer Operating System Application Hardware Layer Operating System Hyperviser OS-1 B/L OS-2 B/L OS-N B/L Virtualisation Traditional System Virtualisation App-1 App-2 App-N 25
- 26. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] • Hardware • Software representation of Hardware • OS is installed on the Hardware resources • Storage (SDS) • Software defined storage • A layer is created between HDD and computer to make it more accessible • Networking (SDN) • Logical network infrastructure is created on top of physical network • Easy Accommodation 26
- 27. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] Benefits Efficient use of Server Capacity Floor Space Power Consumption 27
- 28. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] • CPU uses less than 10% normally • Less physical hardware -> Less space • Less power uses • KVM • Solution to run virtual machine on top of data centre • Hypervisor based virtualisation • IaaS is Software based virtualisation • VM runs on top of small and highly optimised kernel • Kernel allows VM to efficiently use the hardware • Limitation • Self service solution • Admin is needed • Limited Scalability • Heavyweight • Different kernel for VM 28
- 29. Container 29
- 30. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] • A package contain everything needed to run application • No Kernel • Kernel is provided by the container engine running on the container host • Container helps to run VM with same OS on one Kernel • Operating System Virtualisation • Running very efficient and minimal instance on top of existing OS • Solves the problem of software installation and dependency. • Containers can run independently • No worry about the development environment • Run application on different platform Container 30
- 31. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] Hardware Layer Operating System Hyperviser OS-1 B/L OS-2 B/L OS-N B/L Containers Virtualisation App-1 App-2 App-N Hardware Layer Operating System Docker Engine B/L B/L B/L App-1 App-2 App-N 31
- 33. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] Image Container A D L • Starting point of container • Contains everything needed to run a container • Application • Dependency • Libraries Kernel components are provided by Host OS Execute (Run) • Run Image on Host OS • Run process on Host OS • CGroup • Union File System • Namespaces 33
- 34. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] Security • Global System Resources • Process thinks is the only one accessing the resources • User of one container can not access details of another container • Reserve and allocate isolated resources to a container • RAM, CPU, Instance, etc • Namespaces and cgroups. 34
- 35. • OS partition kernel resources using namespaces to support virtualisation container • Wraps Global System Resources in an abstraction • Process within namespace thinks is the only one accessing the resources • Limits what can be seen Namespace 35
- 36. • Control Groups • Use to reserve and allocate isolated resources to a container • Provides a mechanism for aggregating/partitioning set of task • Limits how much can be used • Resource metering and limiting and Access Control CGroups 36
- 37. It merges different file system into one virtual file system UnionFileSystem 37
- 38. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] Image Container Host OS Starting point of container Contains everything to run a container Provides Kernel is to run image Isolation and Security Component of container Run on specific OS kernel version Run process Many instances of application deployed easily on top of a single kernel 38
- 39. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] • Container solves the problem of dependency and installation • Complete Environment • More efficient than Virtual Machine • Many containers run on same kernel • Efficient utilisation of resources • Kernel provides isolated and secure environment to run container • User of one container can not access the resources allocated to another container • Easy deployment due to small size of container • Containers are not Virtual Machines ImportentPoints 39
- 40. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] • Bare metal Virtualisation • Containers are used to run multiple copies of a single application • Virtual machines are needed to run multiple application • Containers and virtual machines run together is IaaS Container&VirtualMachine 40
- 41. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] • Not Cross Platform • Container content depends on the kernel • Dependency may require a container to run on same kernel • Weak Isolation • Kernel Crash • Easy Deployment • Many containers deployed and no one knows what is running and where Need for Orchestration Limitation 41
- 42. • Companies are offering important part of Infrastructure • Solution to work with containers in effective way to provide • Orchestration • Scalability • Redundancy Solution 42
- 43. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] • Organise container into logical group called pods and provide Orchestration, Scalability and Redundancy at pod level • It ensures that pods are running on the server, where needed • It can increase the number of pods that are dealing with the current workload • During increased demand it can increases the number of pods • During low demand it is easy to shut the pods to avoid unnecessary use of available resources • Load Balancer is used in front of the Kubernets pod to distribute load evenly • Application will not survive on outage of nodes hosting pods • Hosting of pods on more than one node for High Availability Kubernetes 43
- 44. • Containers provide new option to deal with IT • For end user Virtual Machine and Container provides similar access to a service • Not much difference for end user to access services from either VM or Container • Containers can be integrated in cloud environment • The IaaS cloud is used to provide access to a Application • How to offer VM or Container? • Openstack was initially created to offer access to instance • Initially these instances were VM • Containers Integrated in the cloud to access services 44
- 45. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] Shared Pool of Resources, data and Devices On demand access Data Center At the end of VM lifecycle nothing exists 45
- 46. Definition "Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction." National Institute of Standards and Technology's (NIST) 46
- 47. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] • On-Demand self-service • Broad network access • Resource pooling • Rapid elasticity or expansion • Measured service • Massive Scale • Data Intensive • Cloud Programming Paradigm for Big-data Characteristics 47
- 48. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] Cloud Computing ServiceModel IaaS PaaS SaaS 48
- 49. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] Cloud Computing IaaS • Provide virtual computing resources over the internet • Abstract users from Physical Machine • Technical and IT • Virtualisation • Servers • Storage • Networking • Load balancer • Firewall • AWS - EC2 • Self Service portal • Scalable Storage and Networking • It makes IT more flexible 49
- 50. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] • IaaS does not make the work of IT easy • Setup of large IaaS Cloud Specialists are needed • Multi disciplinary Knowledge is required 50
- 51. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] Cloud Computing PaaS • Provide platform to deploy custom created application using programming language, tools, etc provided by cloud provider • No control over the underlying architecture • Virtual Machine • Technical and IT • Middleware • Application Runtime • Database • Identity • Google App Engine 51
- 52. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] Cloud Computing SaaS • Provide Application or Software • Abstract users from Technical Details • Business User/ Customer • Email • Google Doc • Industry Application • ERP/CRM/HR • Salesforce 52
- 53. BenefitsofCloudComputing • Flexible Infrastructure • Easy access to essential IT resources • Self Deployment • No need of Administrator to setup new Server • Scalability • Easy to add and remove resources 53
- 54. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] DeploymentModels 54
- 55. Mr. Rupesh Mishra | [email protected] ClassWork Draw NIST architecture of Cloud Computing and Explain each component. 55