Cloud-Native Drupal: a survival guide
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The document serves as a comprehensive guide for implementing a cloud-native approach to Drupal, emphasizing the twelve-factor app principles that facilitate better deployment practices. It highlights the benefits of cloud-native Drupal, including cost reduction, enhanced reliability, and improved performance, while proposing DevOps practices to streamline development workflows. Key topics include containerization with Docker, database management, CI/CD automation, and multi-cloud strategies.
Cloud-Native Drupal: a survival guide
- 1. CLOUD-NATIVE DRUPAL A survival guide 21/09/2021 - Drupal @127.0.0.1
- 2. IMAGE GOES OVER HERE Noemi Mancini ● Software developer @ SparkFabrik ● Multi-skill but not multi-task ● Twitter: https://twitter.com/Samirah LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/noemimancini/
- 3. THE CLOUD-NATIVE JOURNEY - The twelve-factor app - Containers - Database and storage - Logs Roadmap BRING DRUPAL IN THE CLOUDS - Pipelines - Cloud vendors - Monitoring - Multi-cloud MASTER THE CLOUD - References WHY A CLOUD-NATIVE DRUPAL - Why - What - How
- 4. WHY A CLOUD-NATIVE DRUPAL
- 5. WHY A CLOUD-NATIVE DRUPAL I just uploaded it via FTP We must agree with the customer upon the downtime for the deployment We have to replicate the changes in production yet It works on my PC We must setup the environment for the new developer We spend too much for resources we need only occasionally The site went down due to many visits I have a different PHP version than the production server
- 6. Why WHY A CLOUD-NATIVE DRUPAL Business ● Cost reduction ● More reliable services ● Better performances ● No downtime on deploys
- 7. Why WHY A CLOUD-NATIVE DRUPAL Tech ● Faster and more consistent deploys ● No need for devs to access infrastructures ● Adoption of good DevOps practices ● Faster onboarding of new devs
- 8. What WHY A CLOUD-NATIVE DRUPAL Cloud-native approach A cloud-native application is - guess what? - a web app thought out to make the best out of cloud services. Cloud-native boils down to designing our application so that it fully exploits the advantages of cloud computing.
- 9. BRING DRUPAL IN THE CLOUDS Quicker deploys, more deploys!
- 10. How WHY A CLOUD-NATIVE DRUPAL Cloud-native and Devops Cloud isn't just about moving our site from an under-desk server to a public vendor’s virtual machine. ● We need to rethink our Drupal architecture ● We need to adopt DevOps practices
- 13. THE CLOUD-NATIVE JOURNEY 1. Codebase One codebase tracked in revision control, many deploys 2. Dependencies Explicitly declare and isolate dependencies 3. Config Store configuration in the environment 4. Backing services Treat backing services as attached resources 5. Build, release, run Strictly separate build and run stages 6. Processes Execute the app as one or more stateless processes 7. Port binding Export services via port binding 8. Concurrency Scale out via the process model 9. Disposability Maximize robustness with fast startup and graceful shutdown 10. Dev/prod parity Keep dev, stage, and prod as similar as possible 11. Logs Treat logs as event streams 12. Admin processes Run admin/management tasks as one-off processes
- 14. THE CLOUD-NATIVE JOURNEY 1. Codebase One codebase tracked in revision control, many deploys 2. Dependencies Explicitly declare and isolate dependencies 3. Config Store configuration in the environment 4. Backing services Treat backing services as attached resources 5. Build, release, run Strictly separate build and run stages 6. Processes Execute the app as one or more stateless processes 7. Port binding Export services via port binding 8. Concurrency Scale out via the process model 9. Disposability Maximize robustness with fast startup and graceful shutdown 10. Dev/prod parity Keep dev, stage, and prod as similar as possible 11. Logs Treat logs as event streams 12. Admin processes Run admin/management tasks as one-off processes
- 15. THE CLOUD-NATIVE JOURNEY Steps Containers Database and storage Pipelines Cloud provider
- 16. THE CLOUD-NATIVE JOURNEY But first Containers!
- 17. Docker is an open source platform to build, ship and run any app, anywhere. ● Consistent development environment ● No more dependency hell ● No need to setup the environment ● Open standards (Open Container Initiative) Why Docker? THE CLOUD-NATIVE JOURNEY
- 18. One codebase tracked in revision control, many deploys. ● GIT (or other version control tools) ● Repository is the source of truth ● Only custom code, automation scripts and site configuration Codebase THE CLOUD-NATIVE JOURNEY
- 19. Explicitly declare and isolate dependencies. ● Composer ● Not only contrib projects, but also the core Dependencies THE CLOUD-NATIVE JOURNEY
- 20. Store config in the environment. When we run a container, we inject the env from outside. ● docker run -e ● Docker-compose ● CI variables ● Helm values Config THE CLOUD-NATIVE JOURNEY
- 23. THE CLOUD-NATIVE JOURNEY Steps Containers Database and storage Pipelines Cloud provider
- 24. Treat backing services as attached resources. ● Database ● File storage ● Redis ● Node ● ... Backing services THE CLOUD-NATIVE JOURNEY
- 25. We must persist our data. ● MySQL container with a persistent volume ● CloudSQL on GCP ● Amazon RDS on AWS ● Any cloud provider managed database service Database THE CLOUD-NATIVE JOURNEY
- 26. We need a shared persistent storage. ● Object Storage with S3 File System contrib module ● Storage Buckets on GPC ● Amazon S3 on AWS ● MinIO Storage THE CLOUD-NATIVE JOURNEY
- 27. THE CLOUD-NATIVE JOURNEY What about File Storage?
- 28. Treat logs as event streams. ● stdout/stderr ● log_stdout contrib module ● docker logs / kubectl logs ● GCP Cloud Logging ● AWS CloudWatch Logs Logs THE CLOUD-NATIVE JOURNEY
- 29. BRING DRUPAL IN THE CLOUDS
- 30. BRING DRUPAL IN THE CLOUDS Steps Containers Database and storage Pipelines Cloud provider
- 31. Automation scripts for CI/CD. ● GitHub actions, TravisCI, GitLab CI... ● Triggered by events on the repository ● Build & Deploy ● QA, automatic tests… ● Failing evidence ● Rollback Pipelines BRING DRUPAL IN THE CLOUDS
- 32. BRING DRUPAL IN THE CLOUDS
- 33. BRING DRUPAL IN THE CLOUDS Steps Containers Database and storage Pipelines Cloud provider
- 34. BRING DRUPAL IN THE CLOUDS PHP DATABASE WEB SERVER orchestrator
- 35. PRO ● The modern application operating system ● Control of each single service ● Flexibility and highly availability ● Open-source ● Managed (if you want) CONS ● Complex ● Specific knowledge other than Docker Top level with Kubernetes BRING DRUPAL IN THE CLOUDS
- 36. PRO ● Multiple containers ● Totally managed CONS ● Less knowledge and documented ● Strong AWS lock-in Play it safe with AWS ECS BRING DRUPAL IN THE CLOUDS
- 37. PRO ● A single image ● Very simple ● Autoscaling ● Cheap CONS ● A single image ● Few configuration options Keep it simple with GCP Cloud Run BRING DRUPAL IN THE CLOUDS
- 38. BRING DRUPAL IN THE CLOUDS Need multi-cloud?
- 39. Keep your app healthy and snappy. ● Logs ● Resources usage ● Drupal status report ● GCP Cloud Monitoring ● AWS CloudWatch ● Grafana+Prometheus Monitoring BRING DRUPAL IN THE CLOUDS
- 40. A MODERN PHP FRAMEWORK
- 41. ● Configuration (also) in code ● Dependencies management with Composer ● Drush and Drupal Console ● Development guidelines (Drupal-way) ● Clear deprecation policy ● Many core APIs, many PHP standards (Symfony) Drupal 8+ is DevOps friendly A MODERN PHP FRAMEWORK
- 42. ● Configuration in the DB ● Contrib projects installed and updated with Drush ● Build stack with .make file, installation profile, Drush, Features, Phing ● No upgrade path tools ● No mocking ● Few core APIs, few PHP standards It could be done, but at a higher cost. Drupal 7: no country for Devops A MODERN PHP FRAMEWORK
- 43. MASTER THE CLOUD
- 44. How to learn more MASTER THE CLOUD Useful resources ● Sparkfabrik Resources library ● Docker for Drupal developers ● How To Install Drupal with Docker Compose ● Drupal on Kubernetes (aka stateful application) ● CERN's 1500 Drupal Websites on Kubernetes ● The Twelve-Factor App ● Udemy - Docker and Kubernetes: The Complete Guide ● 10 Best Docker Alternatives 2021 - Rigorous Themes
- 45. THANK YOU! … and deploy safely on Friday at 5PM