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Common Skin Diseases
The document outlines common skin diseases, providing definitions, causes, and symptoms for each condition, including atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, acne, and warts, among others. It highlights various factors contributing to these skin ailments, such as genetic predisposition, bacterial or fungal infections, allergens, and hormonal changes. The document serves as a comprehensive guide for understanding the manifestations and triggers of these skin conditions.
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Common Skin Diseases
- 1. COMMON SKIN DISEASES PREPARED BY RASHIDUL HASANROBEL B. PHARM (RU), M. PHARM (RU) REG. NO. A4968 PGD-HRM (BIM) EMBA (ULAB)
- 2. ATOPIC DERMATITIS Meaning:Inflammation of skin due to unknown cause. Reddish & itchy skin. Mostly genetic disorder. Cause: Mostly genetic Symptoms: Reddish & itchy skin.
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- 4. CONTACT DERMATITIS Meaning:Inflammation of skin due to contact with allergen. Reddish & itchy skin. Cause: Contact with allergen. Symptoms: Reddish & itchy skin.
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- 6. URTICARIA (HIVES) Meaning: Reditchy bumps on skin due to allergic reaction. Cause: Allergic Reaction, aspirin or penicillin; foods like eggs, nuts, and shellfish; food additives; temperature extremes; and infections like strep throat Symptoms: looks like welts, often itchy, stinging, or burning or difficulty breathing.
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- 8. BOIL Meaning: Painfulinfection that forms around a hair follicle and contains pus. Cause: Bacterial infection Symptoms: Swelling due to pus with pain.
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- 10. FOLLICULITIS Meaning: Inflammationof hair follicle. Cause: Bacterial infection Symptoms: Itching & swelling on hair follicle.
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- 12. CELLULITIS Meaning: Inflammationof hypodermis. Cause: Bacterial infection Symptoms: Red & swollen area
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- 14. PSORIASIS Meaning: Psoriasisis a chronic autoimmune condition that causes the rapid buildup of skin cells. The extra skin cells form scales and red patches that are itchy and sometimes painful. It often comes and goes. Cause: unknown, but skin inflammation may be triggering new skin cells to develop too quickly Symptoms: rash of thick red plaques covered with silvery scales appears on elbow, knee, scalp, lower back etc.
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- 16. ACNE (ACNE VULGARIS) Meaning:Acne, also known as acne vulgaris, is a long-term skin disease that occurs when dead skin cells and oil from the skin clog hair follicles. Typical features of the condition include blackheads or whiteheads & pimples. Cause: Bacterial infection & hormonal changes. Symptoms: circumscribed, solid elevation of skin can be either brown, purple, pink or red color.
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- 18. VITILIGO Meaning: Dis-coloration ofskin due to loss of melanocyte (pigmented skin cell). Cause: When no melanin is produced, the involved patch of skin becomes white. When a white patch grows or spreads the cause may be vitiligo. Exact cause is unknown. May be due to an immune disorder, heredity, or environmental causes like sunburn or emotional distress that trigger the
- 19. Symptoms: White patchesof skin Whitening or graying of the hair on your scalp, eyelashes, eyebrows or beard Loss of color in the tissues that line the inside of your mouth Loss or change in color of the inner layer of your eye
- 20. ECZEMA Meaning: Skinbecomes rough due to inflammation. Blisters can cause itching & bleeding. Cause: unknown; stress, irritants (like soaps), allergens, and climate trigger flare-ups Symptoms: skin is inflamed, red, dry, and itchy
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- 22. SCABIES Meaning: Skininfestation caused by a mite known as the Sarcoptes scabiei. Cause: Mites under skin Contact may be quite brief such as holding hands with an infested child. Sometimes sexually transmitted. Occasionally acquired via bedding or furnishings. Symptoms: Itching (mostly at night), burrows, rash
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- 24. TINEA PEDIS (ATHLETS FOOT) Meaning: Fungal infection between toes. Cause: fungal infection that commonly occurs in people whose feet have become very while confined within tight fitting shoes. Symptoms: whitening between toes with bad smell. Small to medium-sized blisters & scale covering the sole and sides of the feet
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- 26. ONYCHOMYCOSIS (TENIA UNGUIUM) Meaning:Fungal infection of nails. Cause: Fungal infection Symptoms: Nails look white and opaque, thickened, and brittle
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- 28. TINEA CRURIS (JOCK ITCH) Meaning: Fungal infection in groin region. Cause: mostly occurs in men because moisture can get trapped between the scrotum and thigh. It develops most frequently in warm weather or when wearing wet and tight clothing. Symptoms: redness, chronic itching, burning sensation, cracking skin, change in skin color.
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- 30. TINEA CORPORIS (RINGWORM) Meaning:Ring like fungal infection mostly on arms & legs. Cause: Fungal infection skin-to-skin contact, sharing items like towels. Symptoms: itchy ring shaped area mostly in arms, legs, buttocks etc.
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- 32. TINEA VERSICOLOR (PITYRIASIS VERSICOLOR) Meaning: Fungal infection of the skin, in which flaky discolored patches appear on the chest and back. Cause: fungal infection, hot & humid weather, excessive sweating, oily skin & hormonal disorder. Symptoms: skin discoloration, usually on the back, chest, neck upper arms, which may appear lighter or darker than usual. mild itching. prone to disappear in cooler, less humid weather.
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- 34. SEBORRHEIC DERMATITIS Meaning:Chronic fungal infection of the skin, mostly in face & scalp. Cause: fungus living off dead skin, hair, and nail tissue Symptoms: red, scaly patch or bump, it develops into itchy red ring(s) with raised, blistery, or scaly borders
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- 36. COLD SORES (FEVER BLISTERS) Meaning: An inflamed blister in or near the mouth, caused by infection with the herpes simplex virus. Cause: Herpes simplex virus fever, too much sun, stress, or menstruation. Symptoms: Small, painful, fluid-filled blisters on the mouth or nose.
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- 38. WARTS Meaning: Wartsare typically small, rough, hard growths that are similar in color to the rest of the Cause: Human papillomavirus Symptoms: Small, rough & hard typically on hands and feet but often other locations, that can resemble a cauliflower or a solid blister.
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- 40. MELASMA (PREGNANCY MASK) Meaning:A dark pigmentation of the skin due to overproduction of melanin by the pigment cells, melanocytes. Cause: Pregnancy, hormonal change & even men can also develop Symptoms: Tan or brown patches on the cheeks, nose, forehead, and chin
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- 42. CHICKENPOX (VARICELLA) Meaning: Highlyinfectious disease causing a mild fever and a rash of itchy inflamed pimples which turn to blisters and then loose scabs. Cause: Primary infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV)- one of eight herpes viruses Symptoms: Itchy rash and red spots or blisters mainly affects children.
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- 44. HEAT RASH (PRICKLY HEAT) Meaning: Heat rash is an irritation of the skin that results from excessive sweating during hot and humid weather due to blockade of sweat gland. It is more likely to occur on the neck and upper chest, in the groin, under the breasts, and in elbow creases. Cause: blocked sweat ducts, dress baby too warmly Symptoms: rash resembling small red or pink pimples.
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- 46. HAIR LOSS Meaning:Hair loss, also known as alopecia or baldness, refers to a loss of hair from the head or body. Cause: Hair loss have many causes including androgenic alopecia, fungal infection, trauma, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, nutritional deficiencies (e.g., iron deficiency), and autoimmune diseases (e.g.,alopecia areata). Symptoms: Symptoms of hair loss include hair loss in patches usually in circular patterns, dandruff, skin and scarring. Alopecia areata (mild - medium level) usually shows in unusual hair loss areas e.g. eyebrows, backside of the head or above the ears where usually male pattern baldness does not affect.
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