COMMUNITY PHARMACY AND MANAGEMENT – CHAPTER -1................... (1).ppt

COMMUNITY PHARMACY AND MANAGEMENT – CHAPTER -1................... (1).ppt

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  COMMUNITY PHARMACY AND MANAGEMENT– THEORY. COURSE CODE: ER20-22T Sumit Tiwari B.Pharm M.Pharm
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  CHAPTER – 1 COMMUNITYPHARMACY PRACTICE  Definition.  Community pharmacy Practice, means any place under the direct supervision of a pharmacist where the practice of pharmacy occurs for the society. OR  Community pharmacy practice comprises the majority of licensed pharmacists, where in pharmacists review the appropriateness of prescribed medications as part of the dispensing process for ambulatory patients.  Ambulatory patients - Also k/a Out Patient. Patient which are not admitted in Hospital.
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  2. HISTORY ANDDEVELOPMENT OF COMMUNITY PHARMACY - INTERNATIONAL AND INDIAN SCENARIOS OVERVIEW.  The Profession of Pharmacy is an integral part of the healthcare system worldwide. Pharmacies with well-organized practice can go a long way to ensure quality health care for the patient.  In the past, pharmacists were responsible for dispensing medications only.  Slowly, the traditional role of pharmacists is expanding and now pharmacists are playing a role as a vital team member in the direct care of patients, especially the new generation pharmacists who have Pharm. Ds.  Pharmacists play a major role in providing healthcare services by means of community pharmacy services in rural areas where physicians are not available or where physician services are too costly for meeting the healthcare necessities
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  A. INDIAN &INTERNATIONAL SCENARIO .  Pharmacists comprise the third largest healthcare professionals in the world and pharmacy profession has been evolving steadily over the last decade in India.  Today, pharmacists have expanded their role from dispensing to pharmaceutical care by maximizing the benefits of medications and theirsafety.  With the increase in work related activities, it has directly or indirectly influenced the quality of work delivery and job satisfaction in pharmacists.  Job satisfaction is defined as a reaction of workers with respect to their roles in the organization that employs them.  It is the degree of Favourableness with which employees view their work and is an important contributing factor towards a person’s motivation and productivity.
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  B. SALARIES ANDJOB OPPORTUNITIES  Pay scale should be reasonable and competitive for every specialty of the pharmaceutical field to prevent exploitation since the salaries are considerably less in private hospitals, community pharmacies and the industry.  Pharmacy governing bodies like the Pharmacy Council of India (PCI) and the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) should stop issuing licenses for opening new pharmacy institutions due to the current lack of vacancies for already passed out graduates and due to the prevailing concern about the quality of education provided in pharmacy institutions.  More job opportunities should be created for passed out graduates in the government and private sector.  All states should implement the Drug and Cosmetics Act, 1945 like Maharashtra so that more pharmacists can procure jobs in community pharmacies with good pay scale.
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  C. RECOGNITION OFPHARMACISTS  Pharmacists can play an important role in providing quality health care by working along with physicians.  A team of 5–6 pharmacists should be appointed in PHCs (Primary Health Centres) at Panchanyat level and in CHCs (Community Health Centres) at the block/tehsil level.  There should be presence of a pharmacy officer working under a medical officer at the CHC and PHC level and similarly in each district, there should be the presence of a chief pharmacy officer (CPO) working under a chief medical officer (CMO).  Drug inspectors must be appointed at tehsil level in addition to their appointment at the district or regional level for proper regulation
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  D. WORKING PRACTICE Pharmacists should be majorly involved in and employed for manufacturing pharmaceuticals due to their expertise in the field.  Presently, a number of art and science graduates with no basic knowledge about pharmaceuticals work in pharmaceutical industries.  Some measures to be taken by PCI to improve pharmacy practice should be prohibiting physicians from storing medicines in absence of a pharmacist.  compulsory mention of the name of the pharmacist who dispensed the prescription along with the name of the physician who issued the prescription.  Limit working hours for practicing pharmacists to a maximum of 8 hours per day.
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  EDUCATION/ PHARMACY REGULATION The practice of earning a diploma in pharmacy as the minimum requirement to be a registered pharmacist.  India is one of the few countries that allows candidates earning both, a 2 year diploma as well as a 4 year degree program in pharmacy respectively, to practice as independent pharmacists. This practice is unlike the developed countries, where candidates holding a diploma in pharmacy do not hold as many powers and responsibilities as candidates holding a 4 year pharmacy degree.  Candidates with a diploma in pharmacy might not have as much knowledge as the candidates with a 4 year pharmacy degree.  Also, the diploma in pharmacy curriculum is not updated on a regular basis which stresses the importance of procuring the four year bachelors of pharmacy (B.Pharm) degree.
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  REFERENCES -  Historyand development of community pharmacy - International and Indian scenarios - Search (bing.com).  Ambulatory patients - Search (bing.com).  10.5530ijper.48.3.3.pdf  (PDF) Community Pharmacy Practice in India: Past, Present and Future (researchgate.net) THANK YOU