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Compiled tajuk 4 perbezaan individu n pembelajaran gaya kognitif n pembelajaran
- 1. TAJUK 4 PERBEZAAN INDIVIDU DAN PEMBELAJARAN - GAYA KOGNITIF -GAYA PEMBELAJARAN Dikompilasi oleh Pn Hashimah Hashim Pensyarah Jabatan Jaminan Kualiti, IPG Kampus Pendidikan Islam.
- 2. Tajuk 4 Perbezaan individu dan pembelajaran Gaya kognitif - Field dependent/Field independent - Habits of Mind Gaya Pembelajaran - Dunn & Dunn - Model Kolb - Honey & Mumford Implikasi perbezaan individu terhadap pengajaran dan pembelajara
- 11. HABITS OF MIND PERSISTING MANAGING IMPULSIVITY THINKING ABOUT YOUR THINGKING : METACOGNITION REMAINING OPEN TO CONTINUOUS LEARNING 1 4 3 2
- 12. • Stick to it • Keep trying • Try another way • Hang in there • Persevering at task through to completion, remaining focused. • Looking for ways to reach your goal when stuck. Not giving up. PERSISTING • Take your time • Six word formula for success: think things through - then follow through. • Take time to deliberate; but when the time for action arrives, stop thinking and go in. • Thinking before acting, remaining calm, thoughtful and deliberative. MANAGING IMPULSIVITY 1 2
- 13. THINKING ABOUT YOUR THINKING : METACOGNITION Know your knowing Understand how your brain works Know you can change your thoughts Take responsibility for your thoughts and feelings When the mind is thinking it is talking to itself Plato Learn to depend upon yourself by doing things in accordance with your own way of thinking. Grenville Kleiser 3 Samb…
- 14. Samb…no 4
- 15. REMAINING OPEN TO CONTINUOUS LEARNING There is always more to learn The world is an open book No- one knows everything Learn from experiences Having humility and pride when admitting we don’t know He that thinks himself the wisest is generally the least so. C.C. Colton The education of a man is never complete until he dies. Robert E. Lee Arriving at one goal is the starting point to another. John Dewey
- 16. STRIVING FOR ACCURACY THINKING INTERDEPENDENTLY THINKING FLEXIBLY LISTENING WITH EMPHATY AND UNDERSTANDING 5 8 6 7
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- 19. LISTENING WITH EMPATHY & UNDERSTANDING Understand others ◦ Understanding where another person is coming from ◦ Another’s point of view and emotions ◦ LISTENING versus HEARING ◦ Are we always able to summarise the opinions of others? 6
- 22. THINKING FLEXIBLY Look at it another way ◦ Looking at something one way and imagining it a different way ◦ Being open to alternatives, differences, change ◦ Coming at problems from a different angle ◦ Redefining what the problem is ◦ ‘As a result of hearing everyone’s opinions, I have changed my mind…’ 7
- 24. THINKING INTERDEPENDENTLY Work together! ◦ Working with others ◦ Learning from others ◦ Team work 8
- 26. Applying Past Knowledge to New Situations Responding with Wonderment and Awe Questioning and posing problems Taking Responsible Risks 119 10 12
- 27. 9
- 28. QUESTIONING Mempersoalkan Questioning- Ask someone questions especially in an official context. Questioning- Feel or express doubt about; Raise objections to Query/Doubt/Suspect/Chal enge/Dispute Mempersoalkan- sesuatu sebagai soal atau sebagai masalah
- 29. Pose;Present or constitute( A problem or danger) Pose;Raise ( A question or matter for consideration) Menimbulkan- Membangkitkan sesuatu/Menyebabkan berlaku Masalah- Sesuatu yang diselesaikan Problem- A matter or situation regarded as unwelcome or harmful and needing to be deal with and overcome Soal/Perkara Menimbulkan Masalah
- 30. Contoh mempersoalkan ◦ ََٔونُمَلۡعَتَٔ َََٔلۡ ُنُتُكَٔن ِ َٔاِّرۡكِّذلََٔألۡهَأَْٔآوُلََٔۡسَف ◦ “… maka bertanyalah kepada orang yang mempunyai pengetahuan jika kalian tidak mengetahui.” (an-Nahl: 43) ◦ Bukan malaikat, dan bukan wanita. ◦ Berupa syari’at dan hukum-hukum sebagai karunia dan ihsan-Nya kepada hamba-hamba-Nya, dan lagi bukan dari sisi (menurut keinginan) mereka bentuk syari’at itu. ◦ Yakni orang yang mempunyai pengetahuan tentang nabi dan kitab-kitab. ◦ Maksudnya, bertanyalah kepada orang-orang Ahli Kitab terdahulu, apakah para Rasul yang di utus kepada mereka berupa manusia atau Malaikat? ◦ Tentang berita orang-orang terdahulu, dan jika kamu masih meragukan apakah nabi yang Allah utus itu malaikat atau manusia? Dalam ayat ini terdapat pujian bagi ahli ilmu, terutama sekali yang memiliki ilmu terhadap kitab Allah (Al Qur’an), kerana Allah memerintahkan untuk merujuk kepada mereka dalam semua peristiwa. Di dalam ayat ini juga terdapat tazkiyah (rekomendasi /perakuan) terhadap ahli ilmu, kerana Allah memerintahkan orang yang tidak tahu untuk bertanya kepada mereka, dan bahawa tugas orang awam adalah bertanya keadah ahli ilmu.
- 31. Nilai yang dapat kita ambil dari surat An-Nahl ayat : 43 dan 44 : 1. Menganjurkan kita untuk bertanya apabila kita tidak tahu. 2. Apabila kita mempunyai ilmu sebaiknya ajarkan kepada yang belum tahu. 3. Dalam mendidik sebaiknya menyesuaikan dengan tingkat kecerdasan dan pemahaman pelajar. 4. Pendidik sebaiknya menggunakan bahasa yang jelas dan mudah dipahami 5. Pendidikan dilakukan secara bertahap 6. Pendidik atau guru sebaiknya menguasai bahan pengajaran.
- 32. Contoh menimbulkan masalah ◦ Kisah nabi Saleh dan kaum Thamud
- 33. APPLYING PAST KNOWLEDGE TO NEW SITUATIONS Use what you learn Assessing prior knowledge Transfer knowledge beyond situation Menggunakan pengalaman lepas dalam situasi baru ilmu sedia ada digunakan semasa berdepan masalah yang baru Mementingkan pengalamam dan pengaplikasian 10
- 34. CONTOH : ◦ Pengalaman ketika mengurus sesuatu program motivasi/kem, -pengalaman sedia ada ketika menjadi fasilitator digunakan ◦ Pengalaman berhadapan dengan pelbagai ragam manusia - pernah berhadapan dengan orang yang panas baran, apabila berhadapan kali kedua dan seterusnya tahu untuk mengatasinya
- 35. Responding with Wonderment and AweBertindak balas dengan Kehebatan dan Kekaguman “The most beautiful experience in the world is the experience of the mysterious.” – Albert Einstein 11
- 36. Ciri-ciri Look for interesting problems to solve because they enjoy it Enjoy making up their own problems Love learning Suka berinteraksi dengan dunia sekeliling dan berfikir Minda yang penuh dengan sifat enkuiri dan inkuiri
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- 39. There has been a calculated risk in every stage of American development the pioneers who were not afraid of the wilderness, businessmen who were not afraid of failure, dreamers who were not afraid of action.” Brooks Atkinson
- 40. Thinking and communicating with clarity and precision ◦ Remind students to avoid the vagueness and abstraction and imprecision. ◦ The ability to communicate clearly and with precision relies on them having a rich vocabulary. Activities : - ◦ chart paper ◦ reviewing a book ◦ fill classroom with words 13
- 41. Gathering data through all senses ◦ A powerful way to learn and evaluate our environment. It is important to use those math manipulatives, hands-on science experiments, introduce new smells. Each of our senses stimulates and is stored in a different region of that growing brain! Activities : ◦ Learning the alphabet using a sand pan - Touching - Saying - Seeing - Hearing 14
- 42. Creating, imagining and innovating “The capacity to innovate – the ability to solve problems creatively or bring new possibilities to life and skills like critical thinking, communication and collaboration are far more important than academic knowledge.” Activities : ◦ Working in watercolor ◦ Composed and record music about the content 15
- 43. Finding humours ◦ Point out humour especially in stories and examples from your own life. This can help establish the “relativity” of “things,” which supports more accurate analysis. Humour makes everything better. Activities : ◦ Wear a variable costumes in delivering stories ◦ Creatively make a whimsical sounds ; animals. 16
- 44. Gaya Pembelajaran Gaya Pembelajaran - Dunn & Dunn - Model Kolb - Honey & Mumford
- 67. Sekian & Terima kasih